IARJSET aligns to the suggestive parameters by the latest University Grants Commission (UGC) for peer-reviewed journals, committed to promoting research excellence, ethical publishing practices, and a global scholarly impact.
Abstract: This research purpose to develop the Sociology teaching materials based on articulate storyline and test the effectiveness of its use to improve students' critical thinking skills. This research and development used the Borg and Gall model. The development stage was simplified to the sixth stage, such as: 1) research and information collection, 2) planning, 3) develop preliminary form of product, 4) preliminary field testing, 5) main product revision, and 6) main field testing. The subjects of preliminary field testing consisted of material experts, media experts, linguists, and users (individuals, small groups, and medium groups). Main field testing was conducted on students of class XI IPS 4 shift A as the experimental group. The effectiveness of using articulate storyline-based Sociology teaching materials to improve students' critical thinking skills was known by comparing the critical thinking skills of students in class XI IPS 4, shift A as the experimental group and shift B as a control group. Data about product feasibility were collected by using a questionnaire technique, while data on critical thinking skills were collected by using a test technique and analysed quantitatively by using the gain normality test. The results showed that: 1) the articulate storyline-based sociology teaching materials that was developed by using the Borg and Gall model were declared suitable for use in sociology learning. 2) The use of articulate storyline-based sociology teaching materials is quite effective in improving students' critical thinking skills with a normalized gain value of 60.30%.
Abstract: The "ATM Simulator System" project is a model Internet Banking St. This site enables the customers toper form the basic banking transactions. The system provides the access to the customer to create an account, deposit/withdraw the cash from his account, also to view reports of all accounts present. The customers can access the bankswebsiteforviewingtheirAccountdetailsandperformthetransactionsonaccountas per their requirements. With Internet Banking, the brick-and-mortar structure of the traditional banking gets converted into a click and portal model, there by giving a concept of virtual banking a real shape. To develop a project for solving financial applications of a customer in banking environment to nurture the needs of an end banking user by providing various ways to perform banking tasks. Also, to enable the user's workspace to have additional functionalities which are not provided under a conventional banking project. This project has been developed to carry out the processes easily and quickly, which is not possible with the manuals systems, which are overcome by this software.
Intergenerational Learning through Physical Education; A Case Study of the Interaction Between University Students and the Local Elderly
Li- Yuan Cheng, Joyce Say
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9203
Abstract: In Taiwan, could see a peculiarity where is going to enter an aging society. From that point forward, the service of instruction needs to underwrite senior learning training. Which urges schools and colleges to satisfy their social obligations, and anticipates that instructors and understudies should execute nearby administrations and activity rehearses. The inspiration of planning cross-generational communication exercises with older individuals through actual games activities. Is to improve the expert information and abilities preparing of sports and wellbeing advancement direction expected by the maturing society and the work environment, and to upgrade the extensive direction capacity of the great quality games and wellbeing advancement industry.
Keywords: Intergenerational Learning, Physical Education, Elderly People, Health Promotion, Taiwan
Abstract: Some of the matter in the paper are excerpts from the author's previous internationally published research paper [24]. Beginning with Newton's classical theory of light and Continuity of action, The entire paper is developed into really a mega treatment. The researchers earlier to Max Planck and their failure to explain the nature of thermal radiation arriving at the well known 'Ultraviolet Catastrophe' has been extensively dealt with and finally arriving at the concept of 'Quantum' by Max Planck. After the discovery of the 'Quantum' by Max Planck in 1901, physicists began the research to such great extent that as on today nearly after 120 years, the word, 'Quantum' started appearing in almost all fields of research in Physics. Hence, the author has presented in this paper a large number of terms both frequently appearing such as 'Quantum Electrodynamics (QED)' and rarely appearing such as 'Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)' in the fields of Physics. The rarely appearing terms come only in specific cases and their descriptions are limited to just saying what it is. In spite of keeping the brevity of the paper, indeed it has become exhaustive and lengthy running into some 50 pages. The author has co-related the events of the Bhagavad Gita as a Quantum Universe wherein the author has compared Lord Krishna as an ever known Quantum Physicist thereby giving it a philosophical touch. There are in all over 40 figures. As a picture speaks thousand words, pictures of scientists are given at appropriate places. In addition to usual references, the author has mentioned few of his personal copies of books on the subject.
The Technical Analysis for Gaining Profitability on Large Cap Stocks
Dr. Bhaskar V. Patil, Mrs. Manjushri A. Kadam
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9205
Abstract: Investor always seeks for new information to have more information and for laying out money in the expectation of receiving more money in the future. Usually, stocks are classified in to three broad categories as income, growth and value. In which Growth companies are the one who reinvest their earnings back into the company as opposed to paying out dividends to continue spurring growth. During bullish trend, these stocks outperform value-based stocks because of environmental risk and the perceived low risk in the markets. On the contrary, growth stocks tend to underperform value stocks during bearish trend. This study aims to focus on strategically decide on buying and selling of growth-oriented stocks with the help of technical indicator named Bollinger's band and Momentum a two widely preferred indicators which when used simultaneously provides with a more accurate decision making.
Preparation and Characterization of Electrodeposited Nickel Hydroxide Thin Films
Mr. Pravin B. Shinde, Ms. Neelambika B. Dhayarkar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9206
Abstract: The present paper deals with the preparation and characterization of nickel hydroxide thin films using the potentiodynamic mode of electrodeposition from an aqueous bath. During deposition scan rate, Bath concentration and number of the potential cycle have been optimized. Also, the various thin film characterization like Thickness of thin film was measured by using gravimetric weight difference method using sensitive microbalance, Structural properties of thin films were studied by XRD pattern, a Surface morphological study using SEM technique, and surface wettability is studied using contact angle measurement.
Keywords: potentiodynamic mode of electrodeposition, Thickness of thin film, Structural properties of, Surface morphological study, surface wettability
Growth & Characterization of Nanostructured n-type CdS/ ZnS thin films for Solar Cell Applications
V.B. Sanap
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9208
Abstract: Cadmium sulfide (CdS) and Zinc sulfide (ZnS) n-type semiconductor thin films have been deposited on various substrates by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique (CBDT). All the films have been deposited at temperature 70±2ºC. The as-deposited films were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (X-PERT PRO) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thicknesses of the film have been measured using weight difference method. It is observed that, the average grain size of CdS & ZnS film is in the range of 24nm to 65nm. The physical conditions were kept identical while growing all the samples. It is also observed that energy band structure and band gaps get changed because of the change in the grain size of the sample in the films. We predict that the difference in grain size of the CdS/ZnS in the thin films may be because of the binding energy of Cadmium and Zinc in the molecules of CdSO4 and Zn(CH3COO)2. The investigation of the effect of the method of synthesis on the grain size and the effect of grain size on the properties of semiconductor is under consideration.
Keywords: Cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, thin film, chemical bath
Bioloid robot and Kinect to motivate physical activation in children
Michel García, Cinhtia González, Sergio González, Neyfis Solís
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9209
Abstract: This research presents a contribution to the reduction of the problem of childhood obesity that affects the health of children and young people worldwide, causing negative consequences in the personal and family life of future affected adults. A playful application is described, developed using a Bioloid robot and a Kinect device, in order to incorporate the benefits of video games in the performance of activities and movements that on a daily basis could be tedious. With the developed application it is possible to identify points and joints of the human body and the movements of a person, which allows interaction in a playful environment, where the user imitates the movements of physical activation performed by the Bioloid robot and captured by the Kinect sensor.
Abstract: 5G Technology known as fifth generation technology. As day-by-day use of internet for various activities are increasing rapidly every individual demand for a high-speed internet. 5G is new globally invented wireless technology after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G networks with various extended feature's like high speed, superior reliability, massive network capacity and negligible latency to enable next generation user experiences to users. Broadly the 5G is used across three main types of connected services, including enhanced mobile broadband, mission-critical communications, and the massive IoT. 5G is designed in a such a way that it is capable to fulfil all the ever-increasing demand of future that are unknown today. This paper provides a brief introduction to the latest 5G wireless technology, evolution from 1G to 5G its advantages and disadvantages.
Investors’ Preference for Investment Avenues: A Study
Shikhil Munjal, Krishan Lal Grover
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9211
Abstract: In the current financial environment, investments are crucial and valuable. A number of factors influence the portfolio decisions that are becoming significant in the long run or while planning for retirement, due to rising tax rates, expensive loan costs, the high rate of inflation, higher earnings, and the accessibility of a mind-boggling number of investment outlets. So, when a person has more surplus money than their consumption demands, they have two options: keep the money or give it up to some outlets to have more money available for future consumption. The present study aims to understand the relationship between various demographic factors and investment decisions. The Chi-square test is applied to accomplish the objective. The study demonstrates that investors prioritize security and safety as well as the avenues that lessen their tax liabilities. Investors examine their affordability, earning capability of the avenue, investing ease, and time commitment while making investment decisions. Investors also rely on brokers, followed by family and friends, television, portfolio managers, print media, and other sources like online portals, and only 14.4% of investors reported being self-aware of such opportunities, according to the study.
Keywords: Investment, Chi square test, Investment decision, Earning capacity.
Abstract: Cloud computing is a one of the most emerging technologies. It is at top of list in different areas of computer science because of its far reaching involvements in computing, especially Big Data, Data Science. Cloud computing is the delivering many services through the Internet which include applications like data storage, databases, platforms, infrastructure and many more. Cloud computing is a complete combination of software, computation, data access and also provides storage services with on-demands resources. This paper gives a complete overview about Cloud Computing, its architecture, along with different services include in cloud computing. This paper also describes some of the advantages and disadvantages related to the cloud computing. The application area of cloud computing is continuously increasing very rapidly. Cloud Computing is a wonderful and intelligent technology in today's date. Many people and businesses use cloud for a number of reasons such as efficiency, high computing power and security, high performance, increased productivity, cost savings.
SHE WALKS IN BEAUTY: INSPIRATIONAL FASHION ANNOTATION FROM THE ENGLISH POETRY
Ms. Gurpreet Kaur and Krishan Lal Grover
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9213
Abstract: The passionate period of English poem has numerous reflections on the subject of nature and quality. The varieties of poetry are depicted in this graphic. Many researchers and other abstract people have used flowers and natural beauty to communicate their feelings of love and life. It is a valuable clever errand for scientists and models to illustrate how sonnets can show thoughts that are actually difficult to see, but if progressed well, a sonnet can aid other individuals with it. Nature and Flowers are the ideal subject of verse to give the clarification of delightful inventiveness of the nature on the planet. The large number of excellent sonnets written on blossoms, it's difficult to choose just one of the best elegant one. This research has been shown to be a useful assignment on theme-based designing to create something imaginative. Here the bloom and nature-based sonnets are chosen for the exploration which are the acceptable for the development of new and innovative clothing for spring summer. In relation to the essay on creative clothing planning, the author has contrasted the plan peculiarity and the stimulating theme in style description.
Multiscale Mechanical Modelling of E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites with Experimental Validation for Micro Wind Turbine Blades
Sachidanand Singh, Dr. Hanumantharaju H.G
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9214
Abstract: Composite materials are being used as structural elements for engineering applications in aerospace, automobile, and mechanical domains. To utilize composite materials in any application, the material being used needs to be fabricated in hundreds of numbers to test and characterize them for a statistical estimation of the elastic behaviour. Such an experimental process is time consuming, and the cost of experimentation also escalates. One of the solutions for these problems is to pre-design the composite materials using numerical models. A hierarchical multiscale numerical model has been implemented in this paper along with experimental validation with a view of applying these models for development of micro wind turbine blades. In this paper, E-Glass fibre reinforced polymer matrix composite (epoxy-resin: Ly556 and Hardener 951) is modelled using FEA method (Finite Elements used at micro and macroscale), implementing a hierarchical multiscale modelling scheme. A representative volume element (RVE) is used to model the E-Glass/Epoxy-resin composite at microscale consisting of the uniaxial fibres embedded in epoxy-resin polymer matrix. The material properties derived from the microscale finite element analysis is applied to the nodal points of the elements of the macroscale finite element model. The multiscale analysis provides both qualitative and quantitative results for experimental validation. An experimental test sample made of the E-Glass/Epoxy-resin composite is subjected to uniaxial tensile test. The experimental results validate the multiscale mechanical model built. The multiscale model predicts the maximum tensile strength with an error of 5 % and the breaking load with an error of 1 %. The location of breakage of sample predicted by the numerical model is confirmed by the experimental test specimen. With such validated numerical model, application in micro wind turbine blade would result in faster prototype development.
Abstract: Abstract Traditionally the aim of telecommunication mainly focuses on achieving easy implementation with large capacity. Environmental degradation emphasis to focus on energy efficient design with aim to achieve green networks [1]. Telecommunication along with its advancements also addressing the significant environment impact, created by themselves as well as cost on power usage. The overall goal of next generation of wireless to provide ubiquitous and unlimited connectivity to a massive number of Internet of Things (IoT) and machine-type devices/users having diversity in quality of service, supporting substantial and heterogeneous traffic demands with great reduction in energy consumption using energy-efficient communication protocols, transceivers and computing technologies[3][4]. In India cellular technology the evolution of 5G proves to fulfil the user demands in present and upcoming years. This will increase the energy consumption by which will result in excess emission of co2. We are discussing some techniques include device-to-device communication (D2D), massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems, heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and Green Internet of Things (IoT) as a part of future cellular system. In this paper, the different techniques for the green communication technology along with the challenges in it are discussed [2].
Review on Personal Desktop Virtual Voice Assistant using Python
Prof. Suresh V. Reddy, Chandresh Chhari, Prajwal Wakde, Nikhil Kamble
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9216
Abstract: In today's develop generation, How cool is it to build your own personal assistants like Alexa or Siri? It's not very complex and may be effortlessly performed in Python. Personal virtual assistants are capturing numerous attentions lately. Chat bots are not unusual in maximum business web sites. The predominant agenda of our voice help makes human beings clever and supply immediate and computed effects. The fundamental mission of a voice assistant is to reduce using enter gadgets like keyboard, mouse, touch pens, and so forth. This will lessen both the hardware fee and space taken by it.
Emotional experience before Match playing and Training period among Kabaddi players
Dr. Uday Chavan
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9217
Abstract: Kabaddi is a contact team sport in Ancient India, Played between two teams of seven players. The Universe of the study shall be the Kabaddi players who have been regularly participating in recognized tournaments. The method of sample was purposive -A non-random method of sampling design for elite Kabaddi players with a specific purpose. Total 500 Kabaddi players from different districts were selected as sample size of the study. The demographic information was collected through respondents in the form of different descriptive tests. The findings of the study shows that most of the Kabaddi players felt Motivated and stressful before competition among Kabaddi players. The findings of the study shows that most of the Kabaddi players felt Motivated and stressful before competition among Kabaddi players
Abstract: PHP is one of the widely used language for web development. However, due to the unstructured development model, the code of data access, process of business logic and web presentations were mixed. It confuses and causes problems for the web developers. On contrary, PHP framework provide basic structure for building web applications thereby helping developer in promoting rapid application development (RAD). It helps to save time, reduce repetitive code and the application can be built with more stability. This is due to the fact that the framework uses the concept called Model View Controller (MVC) to overcome the issue of plain PHP. The paper presents basic concepts of PHP frameworks and also the overview of top 5 PHP framework based on the usage stats.
Keywords: PHP, Framework, MVC, RAD, Web Application.
Specific Absorption rate in ion doped Y3Fe5O12 nanoparticles for self-controlling magnetic hyperthermia
A. T. Apostolov, I. N. Apostolova, J. M. Wesselinowa
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9219
Abstract: In this paper we study doped yttrium garnet (YIG) nanoparticles Y3[Fe2−yMy]a(Fe3−zMz)dO12, (M = Al, Ga, Sc are nonmagnetic ions), appropriate for Self-Controlled Magnetic Hyperthermia (SCMH) for in vivo and in vitro applications. A microscopic model (modified Heisenberg Hamiltonian) is presented, describing the super-exchange magnetic interactions in the tetrahedral and octahedral sublattices and between them. A methodology is proposed for determining the inter-sublattice and intra-sublattice exchange constants for different degrees of doping as well as the constants of single-ion magnetic anisotropy in dependence of temperature, concentration of doped magnetic ions and size of the magnetic nanoparticle (MNP). Using the Green's functions method, for the mixed yttrium garnet nanoparticles, the dependence of SAR coefficient on the amplitude and the frequency of the alternating magnetic dield, the temperature, and the magnetic inter-exchange interaction are studied. The calculations are made for monodisperse, non-interacting single-domain, heterogeneous spherical MNPs of the core/shell type.
Keywords: Y3Fe5O12 nanoparticles; Magnetic properties; Ion doping; Green's function theory
Synthesis of Nano Particles by Atomic Mass and EDS Analysis
M. Srinivasarao, Dr. M Ramesh, Dr G Krishna Kumari, Dr. Srivani Alla
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9220
Abstract: Nano particles assume a significant part in a wide scope of demonstrative gadgets and testing techniques to expand execution or to empower a recognition technique that would not be imaginable without nanotechnology. Nano particles with electrochemical, attractive, or fluorescent properties reaction are additionally utilized in a wide range of analytic applications Plasmonic nano particles can be designed to have extremely high dissipating cross areas that permit sub-100 nm breadth particles to be handily distinguished with a standard dim field magnifying instrument. Multiplexed imaging is refined by utilizing plasmonic nano particles with various tones because of their material, size and shape. Nano particles can likewise be fluorescently marked and this fluorescence can be improved by involving a plasmonic molecule that capacities as a nano scale recieving wire for expanding the fluorescent splendor. Numerous other nano particle imaging designs are likewise used, including Raman marks that give a special finger impression to exceptionally multiplexed imaging applications and attractive nano particles that have high difference for MRI checks.
Emerging Trends in Photo-luminescence and UV-VIS Absorption VIS Spectroscopy
M. Srinivasarao, Dr. M Ramesh, Dr G Krishna Kumari, Dr. Srivani Alla, O. Sreedevi
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9221
Abstract: Photoluminescence spectroscopy is a broadly involved procedure for characterisation of the optical and electronic properties of semiconductors and atoms. The procedure its self is quick, contactless, and non destructive. Subsequently, it tends to be utilized to study the optoelectronic properties of materials of different sizes during the manufacture cycle without complex example preparation. In science, it is all the more regularly alluded to as fluorescence spectroscopy, however the instrumentation is something very similar. The unwinding cycles can be concentrated on utilizing time-settled fluorescence spectroscopy to track down the rot lifetime of the photoluminescence. These methods can be joined with microscopy, to plan the force or the lifetime of the photoluminescence across an example. Photoluminescence cycles can be arranged by different boundaries like the energy of the thrilling photon regarding the emanation. Full excitation depicts a circumstance where photons of a specific frequency are assimilated and comparable photons are quickly re-transmitted. This is frequently alluded to as reverberation fluorescence. For materials in arrangement or in the gas stage, this cycle includes electrons yet no huge interior energy advances including sub-atomic highlights of the synthetic substance among ingestion and emanation.
Preliminary studies of extraction of Antidiabetic compounds from seeds of Syzygium Jambolanum (Black Plum, Jamun)
Ritwija Bhattacharjee, Pushpa Agrawal
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9222
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition marked by elevated blood glucose levels. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes is linked to heart disease, particularly coronary artery disease. Plant-based diets, which include fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices, are thought to be a good source of phytonutrients that can improve one's health. The presence of non-nutritive secondary metabolites known as phytochemicals, which contain numerous physiologically active moieties, has been related to the capacity of several plant-based meals to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. These phytonutrients' bioactivity has been linked to their antioxidant properties, as they scavenge free radicals, which are responsible for the development of various serious degenerative illnesses such as LDL oxidation, DNA oxidation, inflammation, and ageing. The Syzygium jambolanum is one of the valuable antidiabetic plants and a significant medicinal resource in many traditional medical systems, sometimes referred to as black plum and initially indigenous to India. The seeds include phenols, polyphenols, jambosine, alkaloid, and glycoside antimellin or jambolin, inhibiting the diastatic conversion of starch into sugar. Objective of our study are, preparation and extraction of Jamun seed extracts, and characterization of the extracts using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Phytochemical screening of seed extracts and test on glucose using seed extracts. Here three different extracts, ethanol+water, pure ethanol and pure methanol have been used. All the extracts were placed in UV- Visible spectroscopy to check their absorbance. Glucose solution with different extracts were tested to check the glucose breakdown using UV-Visible spectroscopy. All three extracts with jamun seed showed promising result in breaking down of the glucose, but pure ethanol extract showed the maximum breaking down of the glucose and it showed highest percentage of phenol and alkaloids are present, so these compounds in various food systems can be used in efficacious dose for humans, it is possible to develop nutraceuticals or functional foods for diabetic patients.
Abstract: Use of digital jacquard in location of mechanical jacquard for weaving conventional and additionally present day fashionable handloom silk sarees is a revolution seen now-a-days in lots of silk saree weaving clusters of India. This paper objectives to make the budding style designers and textile technologists to recognize the method of jacquards at the back of the fashionable handloom silk saree that is loom made woven garment using electronic jacquard. This study covers complete stages of modern electronic jacquard which become used with energy loom as well as handloom. Different fashions of digital jacquard are exclusively synthetic for the use of handloom enterprise are recorded. Assembling of lifting modules with electronic additives that's the heart of electronic jacquard system is studied. Use of excessive capability jacquard for weaving sarees of various layouts with border, frame and pallu to make the saree greater fashionable is accumulated. Design building techniques are adopted, losing performed and the designing manner of jacquard designs the use of laptop are recorded.
Simple running strategies furnished with jacquard machines that are easily accompanied through the handloom weaver are cited. Attempts made through the authors to make jacquard as IOT to permit simple operation and monitoring is likewise discussed. The blessings of using digital jacquard in handloom over mechanical jacquard are explored. From the look at it's far determined that the indigenous digital jacquard is going to be the terrific boon for all of the handloom silk saree weaving clusters of India. [8]
This mini mission is to explore more designing thoughts for jacquard designs. And also here actually have mentioned approximately the method of making jacquard designs and the way they have been got applied inside the saree via the method of weaving. On the primary designs have been created inside the software by means of very own, and next these designs have been transferred into playing cards by the process of card punching. The card punching samples are collected and laced together and that they had been put on the looms for weaving the designs at the sarees. The designs created in this tasks were very own designs.
Reviews on impact of covid-19 in households with special reference to urban areas in India
Rumi Brahma
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9224
Abstract: The flood of Pandemic struck India in late January. The curfews and lockdown to rehearse social removing and check the infection from spreading impacted the entire world in numerous ways particularly in financial and ecological height. The metropolitan family was hit and individuals were languishing over ordinary suppers. This paper covers the sections of urban slums and urban farmers and how the pandemic influenced their lives. India requires screening their metropolitan populace and needing to carry out arrangements for their work in future monetary relapse.
Study of Cosmic Ray Intensity and Geomagnetic Storms in Relation to Various Interplanetary Parameters and their product functions for Solar Cycle 24
Chandni Mathpal, Lalan Prasad
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9225
Abstract: In this paper, we study the connection of cosmic ray intensity (CRI) and geomagnetic storms (GSs) with various interplanetary parameters (i.e. B, Bx, By, Bz, Ey) and their product functions (i.e. BV, BzV, B2V Bz2V) for complete solar cycle 24. In order to find the association of CRI with various interplanetary parameters and their product functions, we incorporate the analysis technique by superposed-epoch analysis. The current analysis depict that various interplanetary parameters such as Bx and By are CR-effective. The peak values of CRI is found to be in good correlation with Bx and By (r= -0.85 for Bx and r= 0.71 for By). The interplanetary parameters such as B, Bz and Ey are found to be moderately correlated with CRI. We have obtained specifically good values of correlation coefficient between CRI and various product functions of interplanetary parameters (r= -0.61 for BV, r= 0.50 for VBz, r= -0.52 for B2V, r=-0.5 for Bz2V). Besides this, we have obtained high values of correlation coefficient between Dst index and various interplanetary product functions (r= -0.82 for Bz2V, r= -0.81 for B2V, r= 0.84 for BzV and r= -0.87 for BV). We statistically proved that various interplanetary product functions are highly geo-effective and CR-effective parameters. Moreover time-delay analysis has also been performed by the method of correlation coefficient between CRI, geomagnetic activity indices, vrious interplanetary parameters and their product functions. Beside this, we also compare the different geomagnetic activity indices (AE, Ap, AU, Kp) with Dst index.
Keywords: Cosmic ray intensity, Interplanetary parameters, Interplanetary magnetic field, Geomagnetic storms, Interplanetary product functions.
Comparative Study of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugenie for Vermicomposting of Agricultural Waste
ARUNA THORAT
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9226
Abstract: The present study was assigned to evaluate the vermicompost from agricultural waste by using earthworm species (Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus Eugenie). Two boxes of agricultural waste (2kg mixture /box) were prepared .These sets were inoculated with 10 numbers of earthworms. Before vermicomposting process parameters like N, P, K, pH, EC, Organic carbon, organic matter, were calculated .After 60 days vermicomposting is completed and same parameters were analyzed. The vermicompost using earthworm species Eudrilus eugenie shows higher nutrients and increase number of earthworm than Eisenia fetida. The N, P, K after vermicomposting shows the higher values than before vermicomposting it also shows near to neutral pH and EC values. The C/N ratio is optimum for growth and reproduction of worms.
Abstract: Fruits intake is linked to lower the risk of NCDs such as CVD, diabetes and some types of cancers. Fruits contain micronutrients, antioxidants, phytochemical compounds and fibre, which enable them to play a protective role against major diseases. Daily intake of five servings of fruits has been linked to psychosocial well-being, and reduced risk of diseases. The present study aimed to know the consumption of fruits among non-nutrition students pursued their post-graduation in non-nutrition disciplines. The information regarding the preference, consumption pattern and daily intake of fruits among the non-nutrition students were collected using the questionnaire through online platform. Around 100 responseswere taken for analysis and it was found that nearly 49% of the study participantshad fruits in their regular diet and 47% prefer rarely and only four percent not preferred fruits. Only 12%consumed fruits at leastdailyonce,67%tookweeklytwice, only two percent took more than 100gms of fruits per day, five percent consumed around 100gms. It was clear that cost was considered by most of the participants (75 ± 20.5) followed by nutritive value (62 ± 8.6), taste (54 ± 14.2), availability (46 ± 11.7), colour (26 ± 10.9) and popularity by 12 ± 4.4 respondents. Nearly 46% of the student respondents were aware of the antioxidant presence in the fruits. The awareness towards the benefits of fruits, nutritive value and recommended allowance of fruits have to be intervened to non-nutrition students as their self- awareness is not adequate. Strategies to increase fruits consumption in this population are needed.
Abstract: Every network consists of various hosts and other networking devices connected to each other. These devices interact with each other to pass meaningful information. This information is transferred in the form of packets. Packets are basically small units of data sent over the network. When a great amount of data is being shared over the network with no supervision it becomes fairly important to collect, identify, and analyse the different types of packets and details as they cross the network. This is where a packet sniffer comes into existence. Packet sniffer is a program that helps to keep track of the packets sent over the network. This is widely done using protocol analysers like Wireshark, TCPdump, or Windump to collect and evaluate packet details. This paper focuses on making a packet sniffer from scratch using python, socket programming and basic networking knowledge. This paper will also explore the existing softwares for packet analysis in brief.
Keywords: Wireshark, ARP Spoofing, Socket Programming, TCPdump, Wiredump, PCAPInclude at least 4 keywords or phrases.
A review on morphed wing for Unmanned aerial vehicles
T. Harihara Sudhan, Dr. S. Periyasamy, Dr. N. Nandakumar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9229
Abstract: This article presents a review on morphed twisted wing model for UAV. Twisted wing has a large potential to improve the overall UAV performances. This review discusses the most prominent examples of twisted wing concepts with applications to three-dimensional wing models. Twitted wings indicate the ability to transform shape or structure. The entire wing twisted and acting as an aileron and flap on the plane, creating lift and roll. The main focus is to discuss the advantage of twisted wing model.
Abstract: The concept of a micro-factory, which is a small-scale manufacturing setup with more collection of process capabilities, is discussed in this study. It is a manufacturing facility where the finished products are created in large numbers by replicating in higher quantities. Micro-factories are essential because they utilize less energy and have fewer material requirements. The micro-factory concept focuses on reducing the size of manufacturing equipment and systems used to create micro goods. It is viewed as a viable alternative to existing conventional machines because it requires less capital and occupies less space. Because of its highly adjustable nature and low-cost micro-production, it is efficient and cost-effective equipment.
Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite – A Review
Keerthi Kumar. G, Dr. N. Nandakumar, and Dr. S. Periyasamy
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9231
Abstract: Researchers and professionals are enthusiastic with using natural fibres in polymer composites because of their environmental friendliness and long-term viability. The purpose of this review article is to give a thorough overview of the most appropriate and widely used fibres reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) and their applications. It also includes a description of various surface treatments used on natural fibres and their impact on the qualities of NFPCs. Fiber structure, source and structure all influence the qualities of NFPCs. The impact of several chemical treatments on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of natural fibre reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites were looked. NFPCs have a variety of limitations, including greater water absorption, poor fire resistance, and poor mechanical qualities, which limited their use. Chemical repercussions Water absorption, tribology, viscoelastic behaviour, relaxation behaviour, energy absorption, flame retardancy, and other treatments. The biodegradability of NFPCs was also noted. Chemical treatment of the natural fibre boosted adhesion between the fibres, according to the findings. The physicomechanical and thermochemical characteristics of the NFPCs were improved by combining the fibre surface with the polymer matrix.
METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE: A REVIEW ON REINFORCEMENTS OF ALUMINIUM AND METHODOLOGIES
Senavaraiyan S, Dr. S. Ayyappan, Dr. S. Periyasamy, Dr. N. Nandakumar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9232
Abstract: In manufacturing, metal matrix composites (MMCs) are used for many applications due to their lightweight, strong surface, and mechanical properties. Because it has valuable applications in the defence and space fields, its possible low cost and easy to use applications are worth exploring. Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) are good materials for various applications, due to their good properties both physically and mechanically. When reinforcements are added into the metallic matrix, it enhances the fracture toughness, wear resistance, creep resistance, and fatigue resistance compared to conventional engineering materials. Herein, a comprehensive review is made on the preparation of metallic MMCs by different routes and materials, as well as an overview of the effects of addition on different reinforcements in aluminium alloy, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. This paper also discusses the agglomerating phenomena, matrix bonding, the problems that result in particle distributions, then suggests a novel method for preparing functionally graded MMCs.
Keywords: Metal matrix composites, Aluminium, Reinforcements, Methodology
Amaravathi.M, Chandan Kumar, Likhitha N, Nandini J K, Kumar K
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9233
Abstract: Forest fires have impacted negatively on ecosystems, cultures, and economies all across the world. Modeling and anticipating the incidence of wild fires are essential to minimize these damages and reducing forest fires because they can help with forest fire prevention strategies. The convolutional neural network (CNN) has emerged as a key state- of-the-art deep learning method in recent years, and its application has enriched a wide range of fields. As a result, we proposed a CNN-based spatial prediction model for forest fire susceptibility. The concept is that this model is used to identify a fire or the beginning of a fire in a forest using (aerial) surveillance data. In the event of a fire, the model might be applied in real time to low-framerate surveillance video or picture and provide a warning. The network will be trained on a dataset that includes images in three categories: 'fire,' 'no fire,' and 'start fire.' The majority of the photographs will be of forests or forest-like situations. Photos labelled 'fire' have visible flames, while images labelled 'start fire' have smoke sensing the beginnings of a fire. Finally, photographs with the title 'no fire' were taken in forests. We will leverage the data augmentation function offered by Keras (Python Deep Learning API) to conduct a series of random transformations on photos before feeding them to the network in order to train a network that generalizes well to new images. Finally, our goal is to create a legible project which handles every aspect of CNN creation and training. Early detection of fire in the forest is very helpful and our biodiversity can be saved.
Keywords: Forest Fire Susceptibility, Convolutional Neural Network Techniques, Machine Learning.
REVIEW ON ELECTROLESS PLATING Ni–P COATINGS FOR IMPROVING SURFACE PERFORMANCE OF STEEL
P.Karthickraj, N.Nandakumar, S.Periyasamy
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9235
Abstract: This paper reviews the methods of formation of electroless Ni–P, multiple coatings, rare earth included coatings, nano-coatings and their effect on coating characteristics, applications and their recent developments. Evidence from the literature showed that the properties of electroless coatings could be improved by controlling different process.
Survey Paper on Online Whiteboard – A Web App for online whiteboard sessions
Manvith P, Md Sujan, Nikhil Vasan, Prof. Harshavardhan J.R.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9236
Abstract: Human connection is more important than ever as the world battles COVID-19. The internet plays an important role in connecting people throughout the world. Many businesses have taken certain measures to connect and collaborate in these unwanted times. This has led to an increase in demand for online collaboration tools for connecting people throughout the world. A tool widely used in such places to collaborate and connect is a whiteboard. In this paper, we develop a tool to increase collaboration without restricting people to any location, any particular OS, or any particular device needed to be used. Our application allows users to interact and collaborate through visual explanations, especially regarding the writing of the text, making diagrams, uploading images and models/sketches interactively that can be shared with all participants connected over the network in real-time. The tool does not require any plug-in to be downloaded, it is easy to use and has no limit on the number of clients. We have implemented this system by using “Insert software we’re going to use to create this”.
Keywords: Online Whiteboard, NodeJS, Sockets, Transfer Control Protocol.
Spectral analysis of the reaction product of FeSO4 with Trithiazyltrichloride
Dr. Veena Chauhan
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9237
Abstract: Trithiazyltrichloride was prepared by passing dry chlorine gas in the solution of Tetrasulphurtetranitride in CS2 at 00C. The formed trithiazyltrichloride was investigated and used as a ligand (L) to prepare its complex with FeSO4. The reaction product was obtained after refluxing FeSO4with tri-thiazyltrichloride in DMF for 8 hour at 350 C. The obtained polymer product was analyzed with the help of Mass, IR, Electronic, EPR and XRD diffraction spectra. The formulated complex (FeSO4 S3N3Cl3)5 is found to be iron bridged tetra-dentate co-ordinate pentamer and paramagnetic with triclinic geometrical structure.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE MONO LEAF SPRING : A REVIEW
A.Kaloshkar, Prof. S. Bradeesh Moorthy, Dr.S.Periyasamy, Dr.N.Nandakumar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9238
Abstract: This paper reviews some of the general study on the design, analysis and fabrication of composite mono leaf spring. Leaf spring plays a major role in the suspension system of the vehicle. This literature has demonstrated the currently growing demand and interest on replacing the conventional steel spring with composite leaf spring. The behaviour of vehicle and its characteristics such as stability, riding quality and others depends upon the suspension system. Due to varying stress cycles the suspension system may lead to fatigue failure. To overcome this and to improve its performance, lot of materials were used to design the leaf spring with better performance. Among those it is found that fibreglass material provides better strength and also has advantage of light weight than any other steel leaf spring. In this paper, the author reviewed some papers that focus on finding alternate materials of leaf spring and its performance.
Abstract: Knowledge manager/Librarian have adopted a number of quantitative methods in recent years in order to evaluate library resources and services more objectively and effectively. Bibliometrics is one of the quantitative techniques applied by Librarians/ Knowledge managers. To evaluate the records of human communication it is used to identify the pattern of publication authorship, citation used for a subject etc. over a period of time and there by offering insight into the dynamics at the area, under a particular study. Bibliometrics has attained significance in recent years because of its practical applications in various library operations and services. It is estimated that out of the total periodical literature published in the library and information science at the global level 25% on bibliometric studies.
Pharmacological Activities of Cassia fistula leaves extracts
Dr. Premalatha S J
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9240
Abstract: Plants are the best gifts that the Mother Nature has given us. They not only give us food but also nurture us while we fall sick. Since past decades, plants are proved to be the repertoires of myriads of pharmacologically important molecules that have been isolated, characterized, identified and applied for the treatment of various number of diseases. The scientific community has successfully employed the plants as biomedicines. This research work is the outcome of interest towards understanding the alchemical units in medicinal plant and its associated fungi that have the ability to combat the disease cancer. The study was carried to evaluate the crude extracts’ antioxidant activities, estimation of total phenolics and free radical scavenging activity. Total antioxidant capacity of the extracts of Cassia fistula was evaluated by the phosphomolybdenum method and was expressed as μg of ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE) per ml of plant extract. Total antioxidant capacity of the test samples was calculated using the standard curve of ascorbic acid. Methanol and aqueous extracts of Cassia fistula were found to possess the highest total antioxidant capacity compared to chloroform extracts.
Antidiabetic Activities of Endangered Plants of Western Ghats
Dr. Sumanagala N, Dr. Jayaramu, P. Suman, Sukeerthi N
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9241
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus has become one of the biggest health problems around the globe. Thus, in recent times, the demand for affordable and efficient antidiabetic medications has increased considerably. The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic activities of methanolic leaf extracts of endangered plants of western ghats. Enzymes in the intestine namely, alpha-glucosidase plays an important role in the digestion of carbohydrates and in controlling the glucose level in blood. α-Glucosidase inhibition bio-assay was conducted by following the standard protocol using Glucose Oxidase method with Acarbose as the standard and the absorbance was measured at 510 nm. In α-Glucosidase inhibition bio-assay, the plant samples Curcuma zedoaria, Syzygium travancorium stem and Plectranthus vettiveroides leaves showed inhibition activity against α-glucosidase with increased extract concentration. Among the three samples, S. travancorium stem extract was proven most antidiabetic hence making it a possible source in the preparation of antidiabetic drugs. The antidiabetic activity is directly proportional to the concentration of the sample extracts since the obtained inhibition values are increased with the increased concentration. S. travancorium, with higher inhibition activity, was observed to be the best source for antidiabetic activity among all the tested samples.
Diana Christobel. A, Femila Komahal. F, Puttesha. C
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9242
Abstract: Failures hurt like hell, it is a more painful feeling that eats us inside out, but do we have to give into it. But is that it? Give it time, but not yourself. How do we treat failures and focus that energy to become more successful? Despite our failures where do we stand at the end of life? What did we do with the failures? It does not matter who starts first in life but what matters is, who is successful at the end, most of all who is happier? A detailed study on failure as a positive approach is made in this paper.
Analysis of Microbes in Air, Drinking Water and Soil Samples And Survey of Health, Hygiene and Nutrition in Slum Areas of Bengaluru
Kavya R Bhat, Rashmitha R Shetty, Kavya M, Sunitha M, Dr.Sumangala.N
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9243
Abstract: According to the census of 2011 it is estimated that about 65,000 million people live in slums across India. Nearly 20 percent of Bangalore’s population reside in slums. A small-scale survey on health, hygiene and nutrition was done in 4 different slum areas of Bengaluru like Uttarahalli, Uttarahalli Hobli, Hebbal and Hoskerehalli to analyze the health conditions of those people. People of the age group 18-60 were surveyed with different aspects of health. A total of 85 households were surveyed and around 430 people were screened for their health conditions in all the 4 slum areas. From the survey it was observed that 82.57% of people were in good health conditions. Distinct cases of ill health conditions observed were chest pain, splenomegaly, tumor, pregnant lady suffering from typhoid. 41.25% of the male members were addicted to smoking, drinking and chewing tobacco. Air, drinking water and soil samples were further analyzed by different methods for analysis of microorganisms. Analysis of these samples provide a direct measurement of the infectious microorganisms present for which measures can be taken to prevent microbial infections. From the microbial analysis done it was observed that the most common microorganisms observed in the air sample of Uttarahalli Hobli and Uttarahalli were Gram positive cocci, Bacillus, Cladosporium, Mucor, Aspergillus and Rhizopus. The common microbes observed in water sample were Gram positive cocci, Gram negative rods, Penicillium and Fusarium. Bacillus and Mucor were commonly observed in the soil sample of both the areas.
Abstract: Personality is a combined product of cognitive and affective qualities of an adolescent. Thus personality shapes in adolescent in his psychosomatic systems life adjustment, attending to problems in predicting a situation in the development of his character, temperament, intellect and personality in all levels. The study focuses on the research work executed on personality development and its various dimensions from foreign as well as Indian perspectives to get a complete overview of the areas and findings that have already been pointed and worked upon by the researchers from different corners of the world. The study also attempts to observe and reveal the gaps of the executed work which will act like a base for future researchers which will enhance and satisfy the development of knowledge related to variables of personality development. The reviews have been reorganised with the help of literature matrix for better understanding of personality development.
Keywords: Personality Development, Adolescence, Indian and Foreign Perspective, Literature Matrix
Abstract: In recent past, many Corporate frauds & failures of Financial Institutions and private banks in India like Satyam Computers, Enron ,WorldCom. Madoff and in India like IL & FS and Deewan housing failure, Yes bank failures have rocked the world and also Indian markets due to fraudulent financial reporting This has justified failure of statutory audit, internal control and corporate governance in those companies. Forensic Accountants through their audit help in reducing fraudulent reporting. Forensic audit is a process of auditing of accounts in such a manner that can be produced in court of law. A forensic auditor finds out weakness in control system of management of the organisation and also identifies persons involved in exploiting these situations inside the company. This helps in controlling frauds in companies. The increase in NPA of banks has become a menace in the present period and most of the banks are facing this problem. Increase in NPAs leads to more requirement of capital for provisioning and less fund available for giving loans to public. That generates shrinking of profit for banks. The Banks‟ loans become bad due to improper analysis of credit requirement of any project and lack of proper monitoring by bankers after disbursal of loan to the company. They never verify end use of funds sanctioned to the firm.. This results in borrower taking advantage of laxity on the part of banks. The borrower misuses funds by diverting these funds for personal benefits.. The forensic accountant checks actual financial transaction through firm’s bank’s account statement. Hence they prevent generation of nonperforming assets in banks This study concentrates on analysis of NPA accounts in Indian Banks from forensic audit angle as non performing assets in Indian Banks have touched more than Rs. ten lacs crore.
Managing Small Businesses in the face of Economic Slowdown - A study of Tailoring shops in Bangalore
Dr. S. Jayalakshmi Priya, Mrs. Maya Sarangapani
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9246
Abstract: This study aims to focus on the challenges and the economic problems of the tailors who wanted to pull up their businesses in a big way. Since the last three years that is from 2020-2022 covid-19 has impacted the global economy so hard that almost all the economies are facing an economic slowdown and despite certain countries feeling that they have come out of this scourge unscathed the ground realities were totally different. It’s mostly the larger tailoring shops and embroidering groups, handcrafting boutiques, stitching and selling readymade clothes and taking bulk orders who faced the brunt of the economic slowdown. Post covid-19 period have they recouped or not? To the general public and to a particular group of clients or customers these small businesses are special as they cater to all their tailoring demands. They are usually based in a big hall or shop employing more than twenty sewing machines and having not more than twenty to thirty workers comprising of tailors, embroiderers and seamstresses. Todays world of youth prefer fashion and glamorous ready-mades leading to a spurt in the growth of small scale tailoring businesses which tomorrow may lead to a growth in the garments businesses and rise of big tailoring warehouses and boutiques. The methodology followed was to collect both primary and secondary data. The total sample size taken is often shops small (5) and big tailoring shops (5) and one hundred and fifty tailors were taken as sample sizes. The major challenges taken here was to understand those small businesses who were struggling to manage to run a business in the post pandemic season forms the crux of the analysis. Age of the business number of employees, average monthly turnover of the shops. Work place ethos is some of the issues considered. The review of literature picked out the research gap which indicated that the problems encountered by these tailors before the covid-19 season was rising costs of textiles, threads, electric sewing machines, rise in employment of labour followed by mismanagement of resources & finances. Was it only due to managerial neglect? So the point is did the same problems persist still or were there new issues to be dealt with? The findings showed that most of the tailoring shops had shut down and some big tailoring warehouses only managed to carry on businesses albeit in a fractured way. Management problems were the main issue because post pandemic more than fifty to hundred tailors were employed to bridge the gap between supply and demand of readymade clothes and to earn huge profits. Their net profit was almost negligible due to lockdown measures and the changing styles of dressing and the craze of youth to wear foreign branded style of clothing. Post pandemic saw the fast paced organizing of marriages functions and other ceremonies and group events but still there was no market demand due to the mismanagement of finances and increase in the size of employment, labour problems and lack of market research. The solution lay in overcoming these problems.
Keywords: Management Problems, Small businesses, Tailoring houses, Post pandemic.
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and Surrogacy as an option
Adv. Chetana Lal
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9247
Abstract: Surrogacy in simple words can be defined as a mechanism used for treating a woman to get her pregnant and bear a child for another couple or individual with the help of Assisted Reproductive Technology. Married couples and single individuals from across the world may require surrogacy arrangements for a number of reasons. Though this arrangement seems to be mutually beneficial for all the parties that are involved, there are certain complex ethical, moral, social, and legal issues associated with it. These complexities associated with surrogacy have made this practice a major concern across the world. Surrogacy in India has had its own journey from India becoming popular for its commercial hub of surrogacy since 2002 to the introduction of the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2016, which restricted commercial surrogacy. Surrogacy with the help of ART, is an important medical treatment available to all those couples and single individuals mostly, who are not able to produce a child and bear a child naturally. In India, where there are millions of childless couples, surrogacy can be practiced in harmony if complex and delicate issues concerning surrogacy, are addressed effectively through properly framed laws that would clearly define the rights and obligations of the surrogate mother, intended parents, and the new-born child.
Abstract: The objective of this research study is to determine the impact of packaging on consumer buying behaviour. The purpose of this study is to understand the essential factors of packaging which can act as a sales promotion tool and lead to prosperity of a particular brand. The primary research data has been collected through questionnaire method and for the purpose of evaluating the data graphical presentation has been used. In this study samples of 300 respondents has been collected. According to the research conducted it has been observed that packaging is key component in consumer buying behaviour. In addition to this, it has been concluded that various packaging elements like its Colours, Quality of Packaging material, Design of Wrapper, Innovation & Product information are vital factors when consumers making any buying decision. It was thus concluded that Packaging is one of the essential and influential factor for consumer buying behaviour.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC & PRIVATE LIFE INSURANCE SECTORS
Neha Tomar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9249
Abstract: A contract for the payment of a quantity of money to the person assured in the event that the event insured against occurs is known as life insurance. Typically, the contract stipulates that an amount will be paid on the maturity date, a set date at recurring intervals, or upon the sad death, if it occurs sooner. The contract, among other things, requires the assured to pay premiums to the insurer on a regular basis. Life insurance is widely recognised as an institution that eliminates "risk," exchanging "certainty" for "uncertainty," and comes to the family's aid in the tragic event of the breadwinner's death. Life insurance is, for the most part, civilization's partial solution to the issues brought on by death. In a nutshell, life insurance is concerned with two risks that every person faces in life: dying early and leaving a dependant family to fend for themselves, and surviving to an advanced age without evident means of support. Life insurance provides complete protection against the possibility of the assured's death. In the event of death, the entire sum assured is payable. Long-term savings are encouraged by life insurance. A significant savings can be realised by paying a small premium in manageable payments over a long period of time. When needed, a loan can be obtained against a policy assured. On the premium paid for life insurance, you can get tax relief in the form of income tax and wealth tax.
Keywords: Life Insurance, Outcome, Profit, Funds, Benefits, Economics, Premium
TO STUDY THE CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN PURCHASING OF LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS: A STUDY IN DELHI/NCR
Sunil Bhardwaj
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9250
Abstract: Human life is a valuable asset, and life insurance is the most common type of insurance that protects a person and his family financially in the event of unforeseen dangers or harm. Individuals can benefit from life insurance in terms of safety and protection, as well as savings. The current exploratory and descriptive study was chosen with the goal of identifying the factors that influence customers' policy purchasing decisions and analysing consumer preferences while making life insurance investment decisions. The article goes through a number of insurance-related topics. The study's data was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The study aims to determine the type of policy that the respondent prefers, the insurance company that they prefer, the feature of the insurance policy that drew them in, the benefit for which they purchased, the level of satisfaction with the life insurance policy purchased, and the difficulties encountered in making a decision while purchasing a life insurance policy. The study also looks at the link between age and the type of policy that people choose.
Keywords: Life Insurance, Purchasing Decisions, Investment Decisions, Human Life
Design And Fabrication Of Semi – Automatic Mulching Sheet And Sapling Laying Machine - Review Paper
M P Kiran, Sohan V, S Shreyas, Srikanta Prasad D V, Prof. N Jayashankar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9251
Abstract: In order to improve growing condition of crops there are various methods that improves productivity, reduces water require growing up the crops. But mulching paper which is also known as agriculture film is one of the best methods to cover the soil and maintain require atmosphere around the crop. To meet the growing needs of the farmers who wish continously to improve the profitability of their farming by using more efficient materials and machineries. The use of mulching paper in agriculture is increasing day by day to growing the importance in increasing the crop yield. It is also one of the best methods to cover the soil and maintain required atmosphere around the crop. The working and parameters of mulch paper laying machine for minimizing the human efforts and increasing productivity of crops. So we have decided to work on semi- automatic mulching paper laying machine which also have attachment for laying saplings.
Resurgent India: A Global Scenario towards New Paradigm shift of Economic Practices in BRICS Nations
Ravindra Kumar & Pavnesh Kumar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9252
Abstract: Resurgent India in the post pandemic Covid-19, towards new paradigm shift of the BRICS nations is the need of hour in 21st century on the globe. In this study we had discussed about research and development in new paradigm of economic growth of BRICS nations from 2011 to 2021. We also compared the index of innovation of the BRICS countries with their Complexity of Economics. In this article we had used both parameters to perform the research for the Index of Global Innovation and Economic Complexity of Atlas. We had taken the data in Indian context published by Reserve Bank of India in BRICS Economic Bulletin-2021. According to Rubbo, P., Picinin, C.T. and Pilatti, L.A. (2021) ‘Innovation and economic complexity in BRICS’, Int. J. Knowledge Management Studies, defined that Russia and South Africa have suffered the most in terms of innovation. In terms of economic complexity, India and China saw the largest growth. India and China have moved up top spots in the EC rankings, and also in innovation ranking increased in top level. In the survey, South Africa had the most analogies, ranking in both categories. Brazil has better growth in EC ranking while decrease in Innovation ranking. Finally we found that the vision of Resurgent India with the innovation rankings and Economic Complexity are not comparable; there are differences in terms of economic growth in BRICS Nations rises and falls of research and development in Indian economy.
Preparation of Rust Removing Kit For Its Removal From Ceramic And Heavy Machinery
Sugeet Sethi, Dr Savita Verma
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9253
Abstract: Problem of rusting on the machines and heavy engineering machine setup in the industrial manufacturing plants of various companies is very common. Most of the machines in fabric dyeing companies ,chemical Plants ,leather tanneries, tool manufacturing units and gear manufacturing industries having the rust on them. When industrial machine setup becomes too old and due to the continuous interaction with chemicals like dyes, acids ,bases and bleaching agents and polluted waste water.This rust material increases rapidly on water supply pipelines, weight scales, water boilers and iron made heavy engineering machines. When it is not continuously monitored and controlled by the maintenance staff of the company. Other reasons of rapid rusting are release of acidic fumes and hot water vapours which rapidly corrodes and damages the outer and inner surfaces of machines. One of the most important reason of industrial rusting is exposure to atmospheric moisture during the production processes in the manufacturing plants. Generally development and deposition of rust stains and rust on ceramic surfaces occurs when they are in close contact with rusted iron and water and oxygen which is universally present in the atmosphere everywhere. The rust spots becomes more and more stubborn due to its deposition on the same place for long time and continuous ignorance by us. Today ceramic items are available in the market in different material types like vinyl, porcelain, granite, marble and travertine. Due to the high water absorption capacity of ceramic and porcelain tiles and materials they are at more risk of having rust. Such type of rust stains may be removed very easily by applying the paste of slight acids and salts and then scrubbing the stains.
Effectiveness of Heuristic Method in promoting Creativity and Achievement in Science among Senior Secondary School Students of Ranchi District
Shashi Toppo
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9254
Abstract: In order to compete in today’s global world the creativity and innovations have become inevitable aspects of everyone’s life. This paper investigated how science teachers need to move beyond the rhetoric to effective practices for teaching and fostering creativity. This study aimed to find out the effect of Heuristic Method in promoting creativity and achievement in science among senior secondary school students. It was an experimental study. Sample of the study consisted of 80 students (40 in experimental group and 40 in controlled group) of standard XI from one senior secondary school of Ranchi District, Jharkhand. Experimental group was taught through Heuristic Method whereas the controlled group through traditional method. Rating Scale on Creativity and Achievement test in Science (developed and standardized by the researcher) were used as tools for data collection. Mean, S.D, Bar graphs and ‘t’ test were applied to analyse the data and to draw inferences. The study revealed that Heuristic Method was more effective in promoting creativity and enhancing the Achievement in Science (Chemistry) among senior secondary school students compared to that of traditional Method of teaching Science (Chemistry). Based on the findings of the study the paper also gave some suggestions.
Keywords: Heuristic Method, Traditional Method, Creativity, Achievement in Science (Chemistry)
Aqueous Plant extract of Henna leaves (Lawsone inermis) as green corrosion inhibitors: A prescreening investigation for mild steel in a simulated environment
Aisha Siddekha
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9255
Abstract: In oil and gas industries pipelines are the most cost-effective means of transporting oil and gas in both onshore and offshore production. During drilling operations, acidic fluids’ flow and the crude oil which contains sulfur and hydrogen sulfide can induce corrosion in these pipelines. Carbon steels are still the materials used for the construction of these pipelines. Structural stresses and the high or low temperature are also the contributing factors for corroding the steel. Corrosion inhibitors play an important role in prevention of corrosion in pipelines from internal corrosion. With the advent of green chemistry and concern for the marine environment has prompted the researchers to develop the environment friendly inhibitors. In this regard many medicinal plants have been used as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel. In this paper we describe the investigations on the pre-screening of aqueous extracts of Henna leaves for the corrosion prevention of mild steel in a simulated environment using synthetic sea water by weight loss studies in the presence and absence of H2S. The plant extract (PE) exhibits good corrosion efficiency, biodegradable, non-toxic and has low bioaccumulation.
Keywords: Natural products, green corrosion inhibitors, bioaccumulation, Biodegradation, mild steel
AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF CUSTOMER’S TOWARDS GREEN MARKETING PRODUCTS
Meenaz zaiba, Nikki Kumari, Manisha M
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9256
Abstract: Green Marketing is a phenomenon which has developed importance in the modern market. The development of Green Marketing has opened the door for opportunities for companies. In today’s, business environmentally sustainable development has become a key issue. It is one of the strategies a firm can adopt to achieve customer satisfaction and business sustainability. The study is about green marketing awareness and perception of the customers towards green marketing products. The FMCG sector is one of the fast-growing sectors is concerned about the eco- friendly products. It has created lots of awareness in the mind of customers and make them to have positive attitude towards green products. The study is to investigate the customers awareness and perception toward eco-friendly product and their willingness to pay for green products. It is also important to know the impact of green marketing practices and purchasing behaviour among the customers.
Keywords: Green products, environmentally sustainability, eco-friendly, and consumer attitudes.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Cinnamomum camphora Explored Using Molecular Docking Studies
Asma Saqib*, IS Khamer Ferzana Banu
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9257
Abstract: Cinnamomum is a genus of family Lauraceae, which has been recognized worldwide as an important genus due to its beneficial uses. Camphor from Cinnamomum camphora has been used for centuries, throughout the world as a remedy for treating variety of symptoms such as inflammation, infection, congestion, pain, irritation, cancer etc but many of the applications are not scientifically validated. Computational studies have shown that some of the components of Cinnamum camphora like terpenoids have suppressive effect on COX proteins. Terpenoids have been demonstrated to play an important role in immunomodulatory activity too. This work aims to study the phytochemical constituents and elucidate the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of camphor using computational studies.
Keywords: Cinnamomum camphora, anti-inflammaty effect, molecular docking, binding energy
Slope Stability Analysis of Soil Nailed Structure by using ASD and LRFD Methods
Prashant C. Ramteke*, Anil Kumar Sahu
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9258
Abstract: Many departments where embankments are constructed for highways and railway tracks face the problem of failure of embankments. Safety of the human beings and infrastructure is endangered because of slope failures resulting in loss of life and loss of investment which is a matter of concern in the Government bodies, and disaster relief authorities. These failures impede the socio-economic development of the country. This comprehensive study includes slope stabilization by using soil nails known as reinforcement in soil slopes. In this paper, analysis is carried out for slope stability by ASD (Allowable Stress Design) methods and LRFD (Load and Resistance Factor Design) for various nails inclinations to find out the better nails inclination for better slope stability. By using ASD and LRFD analytical methods the maximum FOS is observed in the range of 150 to 250 nails inclination.
Positron Life-time Studies on Gamma Irradiated Barium Zirconate Ceramic
Aparna Shetty, V. M. Jali
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9259
Abstract: The zirconates of alkaline earth metals with the general formula MZrO3 (M = Ba, Sr, Ca) normally form perovskite structures and have been projected as potential structural and electronic ceramics. In suitable doped forms they have been claimed to become ionic and/or electronic conductors. However, among the other alkaline earth metal zirconates, barium metazirconate is a value added material, of great importance in the field of technical and electronic ceramics. The present paper deals with the effect of Gamma ray (10kGy) irradiation on the positron lifetime. The BZ ceramic bulk samples (3 mm thick, 10 mm dia.) were synthesized by the ceramic method. The phase of BZ samples were confirmed by comparing their XRD pattern with the standard ICDD pattern No. 74-1299.The grain size is 0.15 micrometer. The gamma irradiation was carried out using gamma chamber 900 with delivered dose of 10kGy available at ISRO Bengaluru. The positron annihilation was done at IGCAR Kalpakam. The life time values are almost same as the reference sample implying that either cationic or neutral vacancies were not formed in BZ due to gamma irradiation. The FTIR measurements were carried out using BOMEM spectrometer. The results show appreciable contraction of Zr- O bond length indicating the effect of hardening in irradiated sample.
Effect of auxins on the asymbiotic seed germination of Malaxis acuminata- A medicinally important orchid
Mandeep Kaur Dhillon
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9260
Abstract: Malaxis acuminata D. Don (= Microstylis wallichii Lindl.), The Crimson Shield Orchid, is a widely distributed species found in Thailand, China, Burma and Indo-China. In India, it is available in temperate and subtropical Himalaya, Western Ghats, Nilgiri Hills and Andaman Islands. An important ingredient of ‘Ashtavarga’ drugs used in the preparation of an ayurvedic tonic ‘Chavyanprash,’ the species is marketed under the trade name ‘Rshbhak’. Immature seeds procured from green capsules (12 wap) of Malaxis acuminata were inoculated in Mitra medium for the assessment of their germination potential in media containing different concentrations of IAA, IBA and NAA. 55 and 64% seeds germinated in basal M medium in the absence and presence of AC, respectively. Healthy seedlings were obtained on basal M medium under light conditions in 33 weeks. When the medium was enriched with IAA, as many as 60% seeds germinated under light conditions only at lower concentration of 4.4 μM. However, IAA, in general, supported morphogenesis only till the protocorm stage. Pseudobulbs were formed only at 8.8 μM. IBA supported 45% seed germination at 8.8 μM concentration followed by leaf formation as well. NAA when supplied at 8.8 μM led to a marked increase in the percentage of seeds germinating 63.5%; eventually leading to the multiplication of pseudobulbs. AC was beneficial in rooting in basal M medium and enhancing the seed germination in basal M medium and IBA medium at 4.4 μM concentration.
Synthesis and Characterization of Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles
Farhana Parveen, Syeda Seema, Manjula V.T
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9261
Abstract: Metal nanostructures have attracted a large amount of attention, particularly the synthesis of noble metallic nanoparticles with controlled size, shape, morphology and crystal orientation. Among the noble metals, Gold (Au) had earned great importance due to its chemical stability and unique optical properties. The present work is carried out to synthesize the spherical gold nanoparticles by a very simple electrodeposition technique from an aqueous solution of Chloroauric acid. The as prepared gold nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray diffraction Spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy for the structural and morphological evolution. The highly uniform and dense spherical Gold nanoparticles with an approximate size of 52 nm were grown on the substrate. By varying different parameters gold nanoparticles of different sizes can be prepared. These gold nanoparticles can be utilized for vast variety of applications such as chemical sensing, medical therapy, in photovoltaic cells, fuel cells, drug delivery, Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) etc.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, Electrodeposition, Gold Nanoparticles, Scanning Electron Microscopy.
Dielectric Spectroscopy of Polypyrrole-CeO2 Nano Composites
Syeda Seema* and Farhana Parveen
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9262
Abstract: Conducting Polypyrrole-Cerium Oxide (Polypyrrole-CeO2) composites were synthesized by in situ deposition technique by placing different weight percentages of CeO2 powder (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) during the polymerisation of pyrrole. AC conductivity of Polypyrrole-CeO2 composites was studied in the frequency range from 102–107 Hz. It is found from these studies that, at low frequency AC conductivity remains constant and increases rapidly at higher frequency. This behavior is the characteristic of disordered materials. The dielectric behavior of these composites was also investigated in the frequency range 102–107 Hz. From these studies it is observed that the dielectric constant and dielectric tangent loss decrease exponentially with frequency. At higher frequency the composites exhibit a low value of dielectric loss.
Keywords: Polypyrrole, Composite, AC Conductivity, Oxide, Dielectric constant.
Transition Metal Complexes of Ligand containing Aminophenol moiety: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of Schiff Base Ligand and its Mixed Ligand Metal Complexes
Abstract: A series of metal [Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes have been prepared with an azo ligand, 2-{E-[4- hydroxyphenyl)imino]methyl}phenol(SB1) derived from the Aminophenol nucleus synthesized and along with their
complexes were characterized by investigating various spectroscopic and analytical techniques such as UV-Vis, FTIR,1H NMR, powder- XRD and TGA. The azomethine ligand and its mixed ligand complexes have been investigated for their antimicrobial, anticancer, and DNA binding studies. These tested compounds showed moderate to good antimicrobial activity compared with the standards. MIC studies have revealed that the SB1 ligand is more effective against pathogens. In addition, all the prepared compounds exhibited a significant groove-binding property to the CT-DNA.
Evolution of a mammalian specific post-translationally regulated moonlighting function in Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Jyothsna B.S, Kavitha K.R, Archana A, Shaheen Kouser, Pavan S, Siri Nayaka, Sudarshan N
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9264
Abstract: Moonlighting proteins are proteins that exhibit multifunctionality. It is accomplished by the recruitment of already present domains to new functions during evolution. Some functions may be due to the effect of Post Translational modifications (PTM). Glyceraldehyde -3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a highly conserved housekeeping enzyme that has multiple moonlighting functions. Along with its primary function of glycolysis, it also performs secondary moonlighting functions such as apoptosis, negative regulation of translation, and killing of cells of other organisms. We were interested in finding how the moonlighting functions due to PTM in GAPDH evolved among different organisms. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) was done on GAPDH sequences retrieved from the Moonprot database, and PTMs were plotted on it. We also constructed a phylogenetic tree using the ML method. Our results suggest some motif [IL]- x-C-x-x-[DE] and associated PTM is present only in mammals, indicating that apoptotic moonlighting function may have evolved only in mammals, at a later stage.
Abstract: Polymerases are enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA or RNA polymers whose sequence is complementary to the original template. Domains are basic structural, functional and evolutionary components of proteins or polypeptide chains that fold upon themselves. We were interested in finding conserved domain regions in these different polymerases. We did multiple sequence alignments of whole genes. Domains were also identified using SMART database and were used for alignments. Motifs YMDD, GR, SP, DVE, LT are highly conserved motifs, mostly in DNA dependent RNA and RNA dependent DNA polymerases. We also saw a high degree of conservation in the domain sequences derived from SMART databases of Cyanobacterial organisms. We hypothesize that this conservation might be because these genes might have been involved in lateral or horizontal gene transfer.
Keywords: DNA polymerase, Reverse transcriptase, Conserved domains, horizontal gene transfer
Decolourization of synthetic dyes by laccase enzyme extracted from Broccoli
Vyshali A.S, Divya Darshika A, Manoj Chethan S, Sarina P. Khabade*
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9266
Abstract: Urbanization and industrialization has adversely affected our surrounding environment. Industries like tanning and textile are responsible for discharging toxic synthetic dyes into the water bodies which affects aquatic life, causes water pollution, and has become a great environmental concern. In the present piece of work, laccase enzyme was isolated from Broccoli. The enzyme activity was measured and the crude extract was subjected to the partial purification by salt precipitate method and dialysis. The maximum enzyme activity of the dialyzed sample was found to be 148.96IU. The kinetic parameter of laccase was studied and the optimum conditions were as follows: pH 6; temperature 1000C; incubation time was found to be 30 minutes. Decolourization of bromophenol blue by laccase was measured and determined to be 60% and decolourization of bromocresol green was 43%.
Production and Partial Purification Of L-Asparaginase from Bacillus Sp.
VIVEKANANDA U S, MANOJ KUMAR S K, ANUROOPA N, PRASAD
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9267
Abstract: The present study focuses on the production & partial purification of L-asparaginase enzyme from Bacillus sp. The rhizosphere soil sample was collected and screened for L-asparaginase producing bacteria on M9 media respectively using phenol red indicator growth medium. The potential isolate was selected and tested for morphological and biochemical characteristics, which confirmed Bacillus sp. The enzyme production was carried out by submerged fermentation. The different carbon and nitrogen sources were used for the enzyme production and xylulose was found to be the better carbon source, ammonium sulphate was used as a nitrogen source. The activity of crude enzyme was checked in different physical conditions of varying pH and temperature, The characterized enzyme exhibited maximal enzyme activity at pH 7 and temperature 30°C. The crude L-asparaginase was partially purified with ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis. Optimization of growth parameters showed significant effect on production of enzyme L- asparaginase from 2.18 to 2.92 μmol/mL/min. Thus, use of optimized M9 broth increased enzyme activity by 33.94%.
Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Bacillus Megaterium Isolated from Exotic Fruits.
Brunda S, Darshana G P, Anuroopa N*, Mahesh M
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9268
Abstract: In this study bacteriocin producing bacteria were isolated and enumerated from exotic fruits like dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), hog plum (Spondias mombin), Thailand litchi (Lychee chinensis), kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), Thailand green apple (Ziziphus mauritiana) and were screened for production of bacteriocin. These fruits are imported from countries from Thailand Malaysia, Vietnam and some are also locally grown in India. Characterization and In vitro evaluation of the isolated bacteria were carried out to assess their in antimicrobial activity. Comparison of the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria on these fruits were made. The bacteriocin producing microbes were tested for their antimicrobial activity against six indicator bacteria, namely Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and Escherichia coli by agar diffusion assay. Finally one of the bacterial strain B4 showing inhibition against all the six indicator strains was selected for bacteriocin production. The biochemical tests of the strain indicated that it belongs to Bacillus megaterium. Physical parameters indicated that the optimum pH-8 and optimum temperature of 30° C. Maximum production of bacteriocin was observed in presence of ammonium chloride as a source of nitrogen and the molecular weight of bacteriocin was found to be 15kDa by SDS-PAGE.
Synthesis and characterisation of Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes with a Schiff base ligand
R.Nalini, K. Ramakrishna Reddy, S.M. Basavarajaiah and K.R. Kavitha
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9269
Abstract: A new schiff base ligand, 1H-5-chloro-indole-2-one-3-(2-methyl-4-nitro)-anilinimine was synthesised by the condensation of 2-methyl-4-nitro aniline with 5-chloro isatin. Cu(II) and Zn(II)metal complexes were prepared by refluxing the above synthesised ligand with Chlorides, nitrates and acetates of the respective metals. The complexes were characterised by various physicochemical techniques such as elemental analysis, FT IR, 1H NMR, UV visible, TGA, conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The ligand acts as bidentate in which the carbonyl oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen are involved in chelation. Square planar geometry for Cu(II) complexes and Tetrahedral geometry was proposed for Zn(II) complexes. The ligand and complexes were screened for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities.
Bio-inspired synthesis and morphological studies of various dopants on Zinc Aluminate
Femila Komahal. F
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9270
Abstract: ZnAl2O4:Tb3+ (0.25 - 5 mol%) nanophosphor was synthesized by ultrasound assisted sonochemical route using bio-sacrificial Aloe Vera (A.V) gel as a template. The effect of sonication time, AV gel concentration, pH value, sonication power and temperature on the morphologies of the prepared samples were systematically explored and discussed. Probable formation mechanism for various morphologies of ZnAl2O4:Tb3+ nanophosphor was discussed. Core–shell SiO2@ZnAl2O4:Eu3+ (5 mol%) nanophosphor (NP) with coatings upto the level IV has been prepared by a facile solvothermal route, followed by heat treatment. Its morphological studies were discussed and it was found that the thickness of the shell increased with increase in coating cycles. Alkali metal ions (M+ = Na, Li, K) co-doped ZnAl2O4: Eu3+ (5 mol%) (ZAE) nanopowders (NPs) were prepared via solution combustion route using mimosa pudica leaves extract as a fuel. PXRD results of co-doped samples enhance the crystallinity and grain growth.
Keywords: Bio-inspired synthesis, Core-shell, Alkali – metal ions, Nanophosphor
The Disorder percentage of Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins and Transcription factors is higher than that of other proteins
Ayush Gowda D A, I Md Matheen, Pragathi Gowda C, Tejaswini N, Vaishali H J, Manohar G M, Nagamani T S*
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9271
Abstract: Disordered Proteins are active proteins, some part of which may not have a specific three-dimensional structure. They are known to adopt a specific structure in conjunction with its binding partner. They lack hydrophobic amino acids that help in the process of protein folding. Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins help in protecting higher plants from damages caused by environmental stresses. We analyzed randomly selected LEA proteins and transcription factors of plants and animals for various parameters of disorderness and compared them with proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana and Caenorhabditis elegans. The disordered percentage in each of these proteins was calculated using PONDR. Their amino acid composition, hydropathicity values were obtained by Protparam. The Ramachandran plot was used to obtain favorable and unfavorable regions. Some of the structures which were not available in structural databases were modeled using Alpha Fold 2. Our results show that the disordered percentages in LEA proteins transcription factors are statistically higher compared to normal proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana and Caenorabhditis elegans. We speculate that the necessity of LEA proteins to function in stressful developmental conditions and the necessity of the transcription factors to bind to multiple partners ( both DNA elements and other factors) may be the reason why these groups of proteins exhibit such high percentages of disorderness.
Characterization of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Silver Nanoparticles using Peel Extracts of Citrus reticulata
Keshamma E., Shivashankrappa L. H., Geethanjali R., Kavitha K.R.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9272
Abstract: Nanoparticles synthesized using variety of hazardous chemical methods which are not environmentally friendly. Hence, the present study was designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles biologically using peel extract of Citrus reticulata and characterization of biosynthesized silver nanoparticle. In our study silver nanoparticles were synthesized with peel extract of Citrus reticulata fruit and aqueous solution of 1 mM silver nitrate solution and then characterized using UV-Visble, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) methods. Absorption maxima for silver colloidal solution showed at 420 nm in a UV-visible spectrum. The functional biomolecules such as carboxyl groups responsible for the silver nanoparticles formation were characterized by FTIR. The x-ray diffraction results revealed that the crystallization of the bioorganic phase occurs on the surface of the silver nanoparticles or vice-versa. The broadening of peaks in the x-ray diffraction patterns was ascribed to particle size effects. In our study, presence of elemental silver was proven by EDX analysis and x-ray diffration evidenced that the silver ions have been reduced to elemental silver. In conclusion, our study demonstrated simple benign, cost-effective biosynthesis methods of silver nanoparticles using peel extract of Citrus reticulata fruits. In conclusion our findings could be explored for industrial production of nanoparticles and their use in biomedical and pharmacy applications.
Keyword: Citrus reticulata, Silver nanoparticles, Biosynthesis, Vitamin C
Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Peel Extracts of Citrus reticulata
Keshamma E., Shivashankrappa L. H., Geethanjali R., Kavitha K.R.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9273
Abstract: The plant extracts of Citrus reticulata well known to possesses various biological properties. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from peel extract of Citrus reticulata. The multiple antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates were isolated from clinical samples of local hospital in and around Bangalore. Antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using peel extracts of Citrus reticulata fruit was carried out by disc diffusion method. DPPH free radical scavenging method of antioxidant assay was performed using spectrophotometric method. In our study, the results of antibacterial activity reveled that silver nanoparticles synthesised by peel extract of Citrus reticulata fruit has effective antibacterial activities on the test isolates viz. Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as evidenced by the diameter of their zone of inhibition, and antioxidant activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles revealed effective free radical scavenging by silver nanoparticles. In summary, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles can be used as effective antibacterial agents even against multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria, and possess significant free radical scavenging properties. In conclusion, our preliminary findings encourage to use eco- friendly silver nanoparticles for various medical and electronic applications.
Study on Isolation and Identification of Bacterium from Rhizosphere of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
Jenifer Lolita C., Keshamma E., Shivashankrappa L. H, Kavitha K. R.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9274
Abstract: Present study aimed to identify the bacteria isolated from rhizosphere of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). The pure cultures of bacterial isolate from brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) were used to identify the bacteria. Identification of bacteria was done based on its morphological characteristics using reference strain viz. Bacillus polymyxa strain 10401 was obtained from France. Colony and morphological characters were observed under a light microscope, followed by Gram reaction and motility test. Results revealed that brinjal bacterial isolate had pearly colonies with smooth margin, constant in size, bead like and slightly raised from the surface of the culture plate. The BBI revealed rod shaped sporulating bacteria observed under light microscope. The BBI was Gram positive and turned yellow when L-Aniline 4- nitroanilide hydrochloride solution was added to the bacterial colony indicating the gram-positive nature of BBL. The bacteria were motile with the presence of single polar flagella as observed under a transmission electron microscope. The bacterial isolate which showed nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing properties was identified as Bacillus polymyxa belonging to the class Eubacteriales, family Bacillaceae and genera Bacillus. In conclusion, for the first time the presence and identification of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing properties having bacteria was identified as Bacillus polymyxa on the rhizosphere of brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.).
Field Evaluation of Biofertilizer Potential of Bacillus Polymyxa Isolated from Rhizosphere of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
Jenifer Lolita C., Shivashankrappa L. H., Keshamma E., Kavitha K. R.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9275
Abstract: The main aim of the current study to evaluate the potential of Bacillus polymyxa isolated from Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) as a biofertilizer. The Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cultivar Arka keshav were used in this study. The isolated bacteria from rhizosphere of brinjal identified as Bacillus polyrnyxa was used as the inoculant. The seeds of brinjal were obtained from Division of Vegetable crops. IIHR, Hesaraghatta. Bangalore. Results depicted that the plants, which received half dose of nitrogen and phosphorus showed the maximum percent increase in the shoot, dry weight (59%) over the uninoculated controls, which received the same level of fertilizers. The maximum percent increase in shoot fresh weight (51%) and photosynthetic efficiency (88%) was observed at the half level of nitrogen and phosphorus in plants treated with Bacillus polymyxa as compared with uninoculated controls at the same fertilizer level. The inoculated plants that received half of nitrogen and half dose of phosphorus showed an increase of 56% of copper, 56% of calcium and 58% of manganese content in the plants as compared with the uninoculated controls at the same fertilizer levels. The phosphorus content of the treated plots in the rhizosphere soil during the period of the experiment in which brinjal cv. Arka Keshav was cultivated showed significantly higher values of available phosphorus content than the control plots. In conclusion, the bacterial isolate from brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) plants identified as Bacillus polymyxa when used as inoculum in field trials showed significant improvement and beneficial in growth parameters of treated plants over the uninoculated controls at all levels of fertilizer application.
Keyword: Field trial, Solanum melongena L. Bacillus polymyxa, Azospirullum
Annotation of a hypothetical protein in space exposed Bacillus pumilus SAFR_032 bacteria as Thioredoxin and structural analysis of the mutations
Neelambari D, Kusuma V K, Darshini R, Girish B, Rashmi kammar M, Manohar G M
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9276
Abstract: Bacillus pumilus strain SAFR_032 is a spore forming bacteria that survived and showed high resistance when exposed to real space conditions (International space station). The space conditions included heat, ultraviolet, gamma, and cosmic radiations, desiccation and microgravity. Though the genome of space-exposed B.pumilus SAFR_032 was sequenced some genes like BPUM_0788 and others were designated as hypothetical proteins . Using BLAST and domain databases we annotated BPUM_0788 gene as Thioredoxin gene, which is responsible for regulation of thioredoxin (TRX family) protein having oxidoreductase activity, peroxide resistance and oxidative stress response. These functions are known to help overcome stressful conditions. Comparison of BPUM_0788 with its counterpart from Bacillus pumilus ATCC 7061 ground control in EMBOSS needle - pairwise alignment revealed three mutations specific to the space- exposed strain. These mutations are Alanine 83 serine (A83S), Glutamic acid 129 aspartic acid(E129D) and Aspartic acid 145 asparagine(D145N). Alpha fold 2 was used to model the structure of the protein. The functional and structural implications of these mutations were analyzed using domain search, STRING database and DynaMut2. Dynamut2 showed a destabilizing effect of all the three mutations. We hypothesize that these mutations may be helpful in thioredoxin to cope up with the stressful conditions experienced in space exposure. These methods can be used to annotate and analyse many remaining hypothetical proteins in the same and other bacteria.
Ubiquitin Associated Domain is involved in highly divergent functions: A structural and functional analysis
Niveditha M, Mounika R, Meghana C B, Divya Darshika A, Monisha M, Manohar G M, Rama T
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9277
Abstract: Domains are the functional units of protein that folds and functions independently from the rest of the protein. Ubiquitin associated domains (UBA) are approximately 45 amino acid residues that help in cellular processes like nucleotide excision repair, spindle pole body duplication and cell growth. In order to see the extent of sequential and functional diversity in this domain 13 different protein-containing UBA domains in humans were randomly selected and their respective domain was retrieved through the SMART database. Multiple Sequence Alignment shows except for two amino acid positions the rest of the positions were not conserved. Phylogenetic tree showed an evolutionary relationship between these domains and showed the SQSTM1 domain as an outlier. GO molecular functions analysis from UNIPROT, showed that though there were common functions shared by some of the domains they had unique functions associated with each of them. The same methods were applied for UBA domains in different organisms. The RAD23 protein domain was taken for further analysis through Jackhammer. 2 isoforms UBA1 and UBA2 were identified in RAD23. UBA2 was more conserved among reptiles, aves, mammalians, fishes and amphibians. Though functions are spread across the different organisms they seem to be not completely unrelated. Mutational analysis on mutations in the SQSTM1 gene domain, causing Paget disease of bone (PDB), was done in model organisms. MSA and CONSURF analysis showed that I424S (UK), G425R, and A427D associated with PDB were found to be highly conserved.
Abstract: The indicator qualities of terrestrial invertebrates are widely recognized in the context of detecting ecological change associated with human land-use. However, the use of terrestrial invertebrates as bio indicators remains more a topic of scientific discourse. The biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem under restoration can be used to assess the response of the ecosystem to the restoration. The bio indicator should be able respond positively to the diminishing elements causes the degradation and interact positively to some of the biotic and abiotic components expected to prevail when the ecosystem is fully restored. One of such variable is ants. Ants are a useful tool not only because they are sensitive to environmental changes; but also because they are keystone species in several ecological processes and, therefore, provide reliable inferences about the ecological and functional implications of disturbances. Information about the eligibility of using ants as indicators of terrestrial ecosystems undergoing restoration and sampling and basic analytical methods to apply when implanting ants at assessing ecosystem undergoing restoration\is discussed.
In silico Analysis suggests Anti-cancer Drugs Interactions and their Downstream effects with Protein targets are similar in Humans and Animal models`
Manoj Chethan S, Vyshali A.S, Bhavyashree H, Sharath M, Bindushekar M.G, Manohar G M
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9279
Abstract: Increased production of new anticancer drugs has developed demand for human animal models for test subjects. In the present piece of work, a computational approach was used to study the drug- protein interaction in animal models and humans of Geneticin G418, Plitidepsin, Desmethyl pateamine A. The animal models and human proteins were analysed for the similarity in protein structure by multiple sequence alignment and structural analysis. Previous studies had reported interaction of specific amino acid residues in the protein target with the drug. FoldX was performed to mutate the drug binding residues, that were different in animal models compared to humans to know the drug-protein interaction in specific animal models, We docked the drug using autodock to the target proteins, and studied the binding properties of drugs: Geneticin G418 bound to Ornithine Decarboxylase, Plitidepsin bound to eEF1A-II, and desmethyl pateamine A bound to eIF4A-I. Structural analysis of the drug with the animal model protein and its interaction were visualised in pyMOL. The target protein functional pathway was also checked for their conservation in both humans and human animal models. The protein Ornithine Decarboxylase of Monkey showed 98.05 percent similarity, eEF1A-II and eIF4A-I of Monkey Rabbit showed 100 percent similarity to human proteins respectively making them effective animal models. This computational analysis allows us to analyse which animal model will be best for testing specific drugs that will help choose appropriate animal test subjects.
Keywords: Geneticin G418, Plitidepsin, Desmethyl pateamine A, eIF4A-I, eEF1A-II, Ornithine Decarboxylase, Human animal models, Cancer.
Rajeev Ramachandra Kolgi*, Haleshappa R, Sajeeda Niketh, Keshamma E, Chandrakant S Karigar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9280
Abstract: Madhunashini is a prodigy shrub for diabetic cure. The chief bioactive compound of Madhunashini is a group of oleanane type triterpenoid saponin known as “gymnemic acids”. Apart from that, auxillary plant constituents are flavones, anthraquinones, hentriacontane, pentatriacontane, chlorophylls a and b, phytin, resins, dquercitol, tartaric acid, formic acid, butyric acid, lupeol, jamyrin related glycosides and stigmasterol. The plant extract also tests positive for alkaloids. Among these bioactive compounds of the plant gymnemic acids, gymnemagenin and gurmarin have antidiabetic, and anti inflammatory activities. Gymnemic acid molecules fill the receptor site in the absorptive upper coverings of the bowels so suppressing the absorption of sugars by the intestine and that results in lower blood sugar level thereupon enormous anti-diabetic potential. Other uses included as a panacea for rheumatism, abdomen ailments, cold, pustule, jaundice, nausea, anti-obesity. The root of the herb is a remedy for snake bite used by tribes. As a result of these exclusive qualities the shrub has been over exploited.
Keywords: Madhunashini, gymnemic acids, alkaloids, and overexploited.
Isolation and Molecular Identification of few Opportunistic Pathogenic Environmental Microorganisms from River and Lakes in Bengaluru, India
Naveen A.N*, Usha Malini, Smitha Murthy
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9281
Abstract: Water used for drinking, recreational purpose and irrigation if contaminated with opportunistic pathogenic environmental microorganisms may have health implications as it propagates and disseminates human pathogens. This study aimed to isolate, identify (molecular identification) environmental microorganisms from various River and Lakes in Bengaluru, India. The water samples from Kagglipura and Avalahalli lakes, Dakshina Pinakini and Vrishabhavathi rivers were analysed for the presence of faecal indicator bacteria as well as common aquatic bacteria like Aeromonas and Pseudomonas species. Following the molecular identification of the isolates using 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA sequencing, faecal and total coliforms were detected in the untreated water samples from the Dakshina Pinakini and Vrishabhavathi river, with E.coli, Fusarium oxysporum, and Alternaria burnsii being the most prevalent genera. The water samples from the Kagglipura and Avalahalli lakes showed the presence of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms like Aeromonas aquariorum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, that may significantly affect human, animal and plant health. Hence, the study highlights that the water from these River and Lakes in Bengaluru contains various opportunistic microbial pathogens. Such waters must therefore be treated suitably to meet the human requirement.
Keywords: Molecular identification, opportunistic pathogens, River and Lakes.
Preliminary Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in Solvent Extracts of Leaves of Simarouba glauca. An In Vitro Study.
Sajeeda Niketh*, Haleshappa R, Rajeev R Kolgi, C S Karigar.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9282
Abstract: The study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity through cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in the solvent extracts of Simarouba glauca leaves. The Soxhlet extraction of dried leaves was carried out with methanol, ethanol, chloroform and water. The anti-inflammatory activity in ethanol and methanol extracts of leaves was studied by protein denaturation inhibition and the Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in THP-1 monocytic cell line by flow cytometry with diclofenac and aspirin as the standard drugs respectively. A concentration dependent inhibition of albumin denaturation by the solvent extracts of S glauca leaves was observed. The ethanol extract showed twice the protein denaturation inhibition, while the methanol extract was almost same as the standard (75.95%) at 500μg/ml. The cyclooxygenase-2 expression was induced using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The geometric mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) due to addition of the solvent extracts was measured. The ethanol and methanol extracts expressed geometric mean cell count of 60488 and 126501 respectively. The study showed that the ethanol extract of leaves has the potential to the decrease the inflammation compared to the methanol extracts. The anti-inflammatory activity is due to the phytochemicals present in the leaves. Further studies are essential to ascertain the use of the plant for preparation of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Characterization and evaluation of in vitro anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Piper betle
Roy U.B., Umme Kulsum A.
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9283
Abstract: The leaves of Piper betle Linn. have long been used in Ayurveda and alternative system of medicine. They are considered auspicious and are still extensively used during religious functions. Betel leaf is consumed as a digestive stimulant and mouth freshener. It is said to have a number of medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-oxidant activities. In our present study, we evaluated the anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of Piper betle. The phytochemical screening of crude methanolic extract of betel leaves revealed the presence of phytochemicals like Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Tannins, Glycosides, Steroids, Saponins, Flavanoids and Volatile oils, while Glycoproteins were found to be absent. HPLC and Gas Chromatography analysis was undertaken to find out the bioactive compounds, which showed major peaks pertaining to Chromanol, 4- Acyl 1,2 diacetoxy benzene and Phenol 2-methoxy-4-(2-Propenyl acetate). MTT assay followed by DNA fragmentation test and apoptosis using HCT-116 cell line indicated significant cytotoxic activity by the extract. It also showed statistically significant antioxidant activity as evidenced through DPPH activity and lipid peroxidation assay. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using well-diffusion method, and Piper betle showed effective antibacterial activity against B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. typhi.
Investigation on Mixed Alkali Bismuth-Borate glasses doped with Silver Nanoparticles
Rajeshree Patwari D.*, Dhanalakshmi M., B. Eraiah
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9284
Abstract: The mixed alkali Bi-borate glasses with different concentrations of silver nitrate were produced by the melt- quenching method. The molar concentrations of silver were varied from 0.0 to 0.5mol% in steps of 0.1mol% and annealed at 300 degrees for two hours. The samples were characterized by powdered x-ray diffraction to conform the non- crystalline environment of the samples. The densities of the glasses were measured by the Archimedes principle. The glass sample were studies by the UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. The formation of silver nanoparticles was indicated by the absorption band witnessed in the absorption spectra known as surface plasmon band. The plasmon band changes with the concentrations of silver doping. The silver nanoparticles in the glass environment were also confirmed by the transmission electron microscopy. The direct and indirect band gap valued were in the range 2.972-3.08eV and 1.786-2.782eV respectively. The Urbach energies and densities were found to change in similar way with the doping concentration but Urbach energy and the band gap energies were found to vary exactly in opposite manner. The plasmon band found was more sharp for less silver doping and with silver doping the band became more broad. The plasmon band formed due to the silver nanoparticles may be used to enhance the luminescence property of luminescent ions by making use of the plasmon resonance phenomenon.
Structural and Spectroscopic studies of Europium doped Barium Titanate via solution combustion method
M.Dhanalakshmi*, Rajeshree Patwari D
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9285
Abstract: The novel Eu3+ doped BaTiO3 nanophosphors were synthesized by green combustion route using self- sacrificial Aloe Vera gel as a biofuel. The X-ray diffraction results showed the high purity with tetragonal crystal structure of BaTiO3. From diffuse reflectance spectra, the energy gap of the prepared samples was estimated to be ~3.29-3.35 eV. Scanning electron microscopy results indicate various types of nano/microstructures which are highly dependent on concentration of Aloe Vera gel. The Eu3+ doped BaTiO3 nanophosphor under UV light displays the characteristic red emission peaks corresponding to the 5D0→7FJtransitions of Eu3+ ions. Concentration quenching phenomenon was discussed based on energy transfer, electron–phonon coupling and ion–ion interaction. Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters were calculated by using the Photo luminescence emission spectra. The emission colour of the nanophosphors was tuned from pale red to pure red region by varying the concentration of Eu3+ in the BaTiO3 host. The prepared sample exhibit high color purity of ~ 92% and correlated color temperature was in the range ~ 2710-2115 K. The results indicate that the prepared phosphor was quite useful as warm and high purity red emission for solid state lighting applications.
Uranium (VI) and Thorium (IV) Complexes with bis-benzimidazoles
Nalini R, Madhusudhan Reddy K, Basavarajaiah S M, Venkatesh Babu K R, Ramakrishna Reddy K
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9286
Abstract: Uranyl nitrate and thorium nitrate react with different bis-benzimidazoles in suitable solvents to yield products of the type [UO2(L1)2NO3]NO3.H2O, [Th(L1)2(NO3)4]4H2O, [UO2(L2)2NO3]NO3. H2O, [Th(L2)2(NO3)4]4H2O, [UO2(L3)2NO3]NO3.H2O and [Th(L3)2(NO3)4]4H2O where L1=1,3-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene, L2=1,3-bis(1- methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene and L3=2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine. All these complexes are insoluble in common organic solvents and are soluble in DMF and DMSO. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, 1H NMR spectra, TGA and conductivity studies in addition to magnetic susceptibility measurements. All the ligands act as bidentate with tertiary nitrogen as donor site. A coordination number of eight for dioxouranium ion, UO22+ and twelve for Th(IV) complexes were proposed.
Abstract: The total sunspot area (TSSA),complex total solar irradiance(CTSI) are two important parameters in solar astrophycics studies. These two paramters are correlated with each other. 27day solar activity shows heighest correlation1 between them. Also TSSA and CTSI shows delay / lag w r t each other which is identified as delay (D). Three solar cycles ( 21,22,23) data is investigated for this delay phenomena1. The 27day averaged data for TSSA,CTSI confirms existance of delay between TSSA,CTSI. Also the investigation shows that TSSA and D are exponentialy related. Two new constants KR,Rh ( called ROHINI constants) & C correction factor for TSSA are identified ,which play a very important role in solar astrophysics.
An overview of morphological studies of various dopants on Strontium titanate
Sandhyarani A
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9288
Abstract: SiO2@SrTiO3:Eu3+ (1 mol%), Li (1 wt%) core–shell nanopowders (NPs) were prepared by using combustion process and its morphology was studied. SiO2@SrTiO3: Dy3+ (5 mol %) nanopowders fabricated via the low temperature sonochemical route by utilizing bio-surfactant Aloe Vera gel extract. SEM analysis was done. Broom-like hierarchical structures of SrTiO3:Nd3+ (1–11 mol %) nanophosphors (NPs) were fabricated via CTAB assisted hydrothermal route. Controlled experiments namely, reaction temperature, surfactant concentration, pH and time duration were performed and its influences on morphology of the product was investigated. These conditions may tune the simple structures to broom-like hierarchical structures.
Solar irradiance modelling-lower tropospheric profile
Dr Rohini V S
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9289
Abstract: Solar radiation can be used as an effective tool to determine atmospheric composition and thus indoor / lower tropospheric irradiance modelling can be done. Here is a case study of an area ( Lab3,dept of physics, NTU,NT
road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India).This study helped to identify the radicals / ions active in spectral region, 400 to 7000A .If hazardous radicals of medical concern are found precautionary measures can be taken by intimating residents of this area to take caution.
Method Of Curve Fitting And Time Series Analysis Using FOSS
Indrani YRL, Dr. Varalaxmi T Shedole
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9290
Abstract: Maxima a free and open-source software is regarded as a computer algebra system. In this paper, graphical problems are easily solved on the method of curve fitting from statistical methods and Time Series Analysis using this software. It is one of the advanced methods which will be applicable for the problems on future prediction related to various fields for economic development and is definitely a new start for researchers in the field of statistics and other fields.
Keywords: Maxima, free and open-source software, curve fitting, trend series, semi average method
Influence of alkali and post transition metal oxide on physical and optical properties of lithium based phosphate glasses
N. Hanumantharaju, Karanam Madhavi, Venkatesha Babu K R, S. O Paramesh, V C Veeranna Gowda
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9291
Abstract: Sodium aluminophosphate glasses containing lithium ions of composition X Li2CO3 - (30-X) Na2 CO3- 60 NH6PO4 -10Al2O3 (where 20 ≤ x ≥ 5) have been prepared by melt quenching technique. The XRD spectra reveal the presence of no sharp peak confirms that the prepared glass samples were of an amorphous nature. The physical and optical properties of the glasses were investigated with the support of density and molar volume. The density of the glass matrix increases with lithium content and its molar volume shows non-linear variation. The metallic and non-metallic nature of the glass was predicted through the calculation of its physical properties. The optical properties of the prepared glass show mole fraction dependent and are mainly dependent on the basicity and polarizability of the Al2O3 content. The metallization criterion of the glass matrix clearly indicates the size of the conduction and valance band. Optical band gap values were found to decrease from 3.276 to 2.634 eV with aluminium content. The refractive index values were found to increase with lithium content in the glass samples. Inter-nuclear distance, field strength, oxygen packing density, polaron radius, transmission coefficient, reflection loss, dielectric constant and molar refraction were determined to study the physical properties of the glass matrix.
Keywords: borate, metallization criterion, XRD, optical band gap.
Effect of Structural Characterization on Optical Properties of Porous Silicon Fabricated by Metal Assisted Chemical Etching
Karanam Madhavi, N.Hanumantharaju, Hemalatha K.S, Sunanda S, Venkateshbabu K R
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9292
Abstract: Porous silicon is synthesized by two step silver (Ag)assisted chemical etching method. The structural characterization of porous silicon has been carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In XRD, two peaks were clearly observed at 69. 190 and 69.410 for silicon and Ag respectively and the intense peaks with preferred growth direction (400) suggesting the good crystalline quality of porous silicon. The optical properties were carried out by using UV-Visible Spectroscopy which reveals that the optical reflectance of porous silicon is decreased as compared to bulk silicon which is very much efficient for solar cell applications. Photoluminescence (PL)emission has been observed in porous silicon which is in evident with the results of FTIR analysis. These observations concludes that the fabricated structure of porous silicon acts as a potential candidate for improvisation of the solar cell efficiency and in the field of optoelectronic devices.
Keywords: Porous silicon, Photoluminescence, Ag assisted chemical etching, XRD,FTIR
Synthesis, Characterization and Biochemical assessment of 1,7 diphenyl heptanoids
Lovely Jacob A, Tom Cherian, Jesy E J, Seena Thomachan, Deepthy Varghese
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9293
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in using natural products to cure diseases. Turmeric's bioactive pigment, curcumin, has a wide range of applications in this sense. Curcumin, its analogues, and metal complexes have all been investigated extensively for biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic. A variety of compounds with structural similarities to curcuminoids have recently been synthesised, and their biological activities have been investigated. The synthesis and characterization of curcuminoid analogues with non substituted phenyl rings, dimethoxy substituted phenyl rings, and 1,2,3 trihydroxy substituted phenyl rings were discussed in this article. IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrum are used to characterise the samples. In vitro cytotoxic experiments against DLA cells (Daltons Lymphoma Ascites) were carried out using the Trypan blue exclusion process, and antimicrobial studies were carried out using the Kirby Bauer method. Antioxidant tests have also been conducted.
Plastic pollution and its pathophysiological impacts on mammalian cells
Monika Joon*, Shashi Raparia
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9294
Abstract: The non-natural anthropogenic product, plastic once heralded as a durable, inert, resilient, multipurpose and long-lasting polymer has now become a problem of gigantic dimensions. Plastics are either non-biodegradable or have a very long half-life and hence persist in environment for very long period of time. However, the impacts of physical, biological and chemical forces of nature on plastics break down its bigger pieces into fragments of micro and nano scale thus giving rise to microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). Their persistence in environment has resulted in pollution. MPs and NPs enter zooplankton and microscopic organisms by ingestion and get accumulated in organisms by trophic transfer from prey to predator. Lab simulated studies have demonstrated trophic transfer in food chain. Their presence inside living organisms is worrisome as the organisms cannot digest or even get rid of them by egestion. Detrimental and toxicological effects of MPs and NPs on zooplanktons and plants have been widely studied and documented by many research groups across the world. Studies have shown that the effects may be either direct like accumulation in tissues and obstruction of the gut of organisms or indirect wherein organic pollutants could be adsorbed onto MPs/NPs and then gain entry inside living organisms via ingestion. The present review focuses on the critical question of potential toxicity arising from the uptake or entry of MPs and NPs by mammalian cells. Prevailing research studies data suggest the imminent threat to mammalian tissues. For long-term consequences, the data may be insufficient but speculations hint to a grim situation. This review brings to light the need for more concentrated efforts at the global level to investigate potential cellular and systemic toxicity due to micro- and nanoplastics.
Dynamic Change Analysis of Land Use/Land Cover in Birsinghpur Area Using geo-informatics
Santosh Kumar, Dr. Ravi Chaurey, Dr. Ajay Kumar
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9295
Abstract: Land use and Land cover changes have a strong effect on the environment and its surroundings. Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change analysis assists decision-makers to ensure sustainable development and understanding the dynamics of our changing environment. This research study provides a comparative analysis of land use and land cover (LULC) changes and investigates the major factors that have caused these changes. Steep topography, shallow soils, and monsoonal climatic conditions. A classification system is composed of five classes – habitation, waterbody, Agriculture, wasteland, and forest. Digital change detection techniques by using multi-temporal satellite imagery helps in understanding landscape dynamics. In the recent study, we have to use IRS P6 LISS IV satellite imageries that have been downloaded from the USGS website (://glovis.usgs.gov) and WV02 (MAP_IT) Satellite imageries over the 5 years of two different time periods (2011-2017). The present study illustrates the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/cover of part of Birsinghpur tehsil, district Satna, MP India. Present study of part of Birsinghpur tehsil land use land cover from 2011-12 to 2016-17 shows rapid change in the LULC as there is high growth in the Wasteland and minor growth in the built-up area only within five years. Wasteland has occupied the Agriculture lands and forest are while forest has reduced marginally and water body is showing almost stagnant condition over time.
Keywords: Remote Sensing and GIS, Land Use and Land Cover Change, Spatiotemporal Pattern, Thematic Maps, Birsinghpur tehsil boundary
REDUCTION OF CURRENT HARMONICS USING ACTIVE POWER FILTERS BY INSTANTANEOUS REACTIVE POWER THEORY
S. Jagadish Kumar, Dr. G.N. Sreenivas
DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9296
Abstract: Most of the pollution issues created in power systems are due to the non-linear characteristics and fast switching of power electronic equipment. Power quality issues are becoming stronger because sensitive equipment will be more sensitive for market competition reasons, equipment will continue polluting the system more and more due to cost increase caused by the built-in compensation and sometimes for the lack of enforced regulations. Instantaneous reactive power theory (IRP theory) is proposed for calculating the reference compensating currents required to inject into the network at PCC. Switching scheme of compensator is provided by comparing the reference compensating currents obtained from IRP theory and compensator currents. Thus, IRP theory is used to identify the amount of compensating current injected into the network to compensate the reactive power required by non-linear loads and to bring the source current waveform as sinusoidal. Simulations for a three-phase three-wire system with a shunt active power filter have been carried out for current harmonic reduction. Thus, power quality has been improved. The systems are modelled by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and performance is observed. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method of IRPT is a good solution for improving power quality and for the compensation of reactive power.
Keywords: Active Power Filter (APF), instantaneous p-q theory, adaptive hysteresis band current controller.