VOLUME 8, ISSUE 12, DECEMBER 2021

Abstract: This paper presents the implementation of a drowsiness detection system using Computer Vision and IoT. The aim is to present an adaptive system that monitors the driver's face and detects when a driver is displaying drowsy signs based on a preset threshold level. This was achieved using algorithms compiled from OpenCV and Dlib libraries, implemented on a Raspberry Pi using Python codes. The implemented system was tested in real-life scenarios and the result showed a drowsy detection accuracy of 90%.

Keywords: Open CV; Drowsy driver; Raspberry pi; Internet of Things, Computer Vision

Abstract: A thirty days growth trial was conducted to evaluate the growth characteristics and proximate composition of duckweed (Lemna minor) cultured in poultry (T1), pig(T2) and cattle dungs(T3) with a 9 fiber glass tanks of 1m x 0.5m x 0.5m square that is already enriched with the organic manure in triplicates. Observation revealed that biomass increase occurred every day. Harvesting was carried out every four days for five times successfully and total yield was 18.20 kg for poultry media, 11.30kg for pig dung media and 19,30kg respectively. The growth of duckweed harvested from various media were air-dried and representative samples taken for proximate analysis. The proximate composition of the three samples were compared, the results obtained showed that crude protein recorded (7.50% in T1, 10.18% in T2 and 9.55% in T3), crude fibre (12.24% in T1, 10.52% in T2 and 11.78% in T3), ash (13.14% in T1, 11.75% in T2 and 13.95% in T3), dry matter (9.89% in T1, 7.53% in T2 and 8.15% in T3), nitrogen free extract (1.20%% in T1, 1.63 in T2 and 1.52 in T3), moisture conten (9.89% in T1, 7.53% in T2 and 8.15% in T3), fat (2.24% in T1, 1.95% in T2 and 2.28% in T3), and carbohydrate (55.00% in T1, 58.07% in T2 and 54.00% in T3) fractions respectively. The proximate composition of the cultured duckweed appeared higher in all fractions beside the crude protein. However, irrespective of the medium where the duckweed was harvested, the crude protein value obtained suggested that duckweed can be incorporated into livestock feeds as a protein supplement, particularly when grown on nutrient rich mediums and in livestocks that does not require much protein like in tilapia.

Abstract: Lichens are one of the excellent examples of symbiotic association, are group of non-vascular cryptogams, occur in all possible environmental habitats of the world, but are diverse in tropical region and luxuriant in temperate-alpine areas. Study was conducted in selected Coffee plantation areas of Mudigere taluk located in Chikkamagaluru district of Central Western Ghats. In present work about 30 species of lichens belonging to17 genera and 13 families were enumerated from six different sites by lying quadrate. Most of the species collected were corticolous, grading their growth form 56.6% with crustose, 40% with foliose and 3.3% with fruticose thallus. Identification of these lichens done at genus level based on the colour test and relevant keys. Highest representative of six species from Parmeliaceae family, Physciaceae (5 species), Arthoniaceae (4), Graphidaceae (4), Ramalinaceae (3), Pertusariaceae (2), Caliciaceae (3) exhibited the maximum diversity in the area. The families like Collemataceae, Crysotricaceae, Stereocaulaceae, Pyrenulaceae and Lecanoraceae represented single species each. A majority of lichen species were found to favour woody habitat. The species diversity on bark demonstrated with maximum number of species because bark provides a very fertile substrate for rich growth of the lichens, whereas the soil harbours poor diversity probably due to spraying of chemicals in coffee plantation like herbicide, pesticide and fungicide.

Keywords: Diversity, Lichens, Coffee plantation, Mudigere taluk, Central Western Ghats

Abstract: The present study examines the emotional maturity and personality development of senior secondary school students. The sample comprises of 200 students (100 male and 100 female) from Patna district of Bihar. Self -constructed and validated tool on emotional maturity and personality development was used for the study. The data was analysed using 't' test. The results indicated that there is significant difference between male and female senior secondary school students in emotional maturity. There is no significant difference between urban and rural senior secondary school students in the level of emotional maturity. There is no significant difference between male and female senior secondary school students in the level of personality development but there is significant difference between urban and rural senior secondary school students in the level of personality development.

Keywords: Emotional Maturity, Personality Development, Senior Secondary School Students

Abstract: Freshwater algae were collected in post rainy season from Kurnool district in the year 2019 and analyzed for taxonomic diversity.The collections yielded 40 species. Some algae were identified to species level, some to Genera level and some yet to be identified. Eleven Genera and Twenty one species were presented in this article. Scenedesmus represented 6 species, followed by Coelastrum with 3 species and Pseudopediastrum represented two species and a variety. Represented taxa are the new distributional records to Kurnool district.

Keywords: Freshwater, diversity, Scenedesmus, Coelastrum, Pseudopediastrum.

Abstract: The purpose of the Present work is to find the buckling characteristics of Hybrid composite Propeller Shaft made up of low carbon steel, epoxy, S- glass and T700 fiber which can replace the conventional propeller shaft made of steel. Models of both steel propeller shaft and the hybrid composite propeller shafts are created and then buckling analysis is carried out using ANSYS 14.5. Comparative results show that Hybrid Composite shaft has got maximum load multiplier value than the steel shaft which means that the Hybrid composite shaft can sustain more torsional load compare to steel shaft. Therefore from the results we can conclude that the conventional steel shafts can be replaced by the Hybrid composite shafts so that we can reduce the weight of the propeller shaft which ultimately increases the performance of the automobiles and air vehicles.

Keywords: Hybrid composite Propeller Shaft, ANSYS 14.5, buckling analysis

Abstract: The contribution of women in the development of economies is incredible. In the past, her role was restricted within the four walls. At present can find her in the field of society, such as education, politics, administration, sports, and many other fields. She knows how to manage and bring co-operation within the group. Through the motivation and support of her surroundings took her to the next step of starting her own ventures. The modern era has been a blessing to society because it has opened up several chances, yet there is still a preconception in society that women are mainly designated for domestic chores and are incapable of taking responsibility. Women have defied such stigma recently by bringing to light their hidden abilities, talents, and ideas by participating in challenges. However, there are several challenges in their path to successful entrepreneurs. Although various forms of training and financial aid are regularly supplied through various government and self-help group initiatives. This study focuses on what are the motivations behind women entrepreneurs to start with a beauty parlour and what are the challenges they have faced and facing continuing the venture and give some suggestions based on the study. This study covers Women Entrepreneurs in connection with beauty parlour services in Dakshina Kannada District. Random sampling technique is employed for the study.

Keywords: Women entrepreneurs, beauty parlour, motivation, problems, prospects.

Abstract: The activity of periodate as an oxidising agent varies greatly as a function of pH and is capable subtle control. In acid, it is one of the most powerful oxidising agents known, qualitatively and rapidly converting manganese (II) salts to periodate, while in alkaline solution, it is slightly less oxidising than hypochlorite. In alkaline medium, periodate exists as different species involving multiple equilibria [1,2] and it needs to know the active form of oxidant in the reaction. However, there are numerous reports [3] on the oxidation of organic compounds. Guanidine hydrochloride (GH) finds its applications in analytical chemistry, oxidation of guanidine pharmaceuticals and polymer industries. Oxidation of guanidine hydrochloride by permanganate[4] and osmium (VIII)[5] catalysed has been carried out earlier in our laboratory. In continuation of oxidation of guanidine hydrochloride, we have chosen this title reaction for kinetic study. The literature survey reveals that there are no reports on mechanistic studies of oxidation of guanidine hydrochloride by alkaline periodate Thus in order to explore the mechanism of oxidation and to know the active species of periodate in strongly alkaline medium the detail kinetic study of the title reaction is undertaken. Ruthenium (III) acts as an efficient catalyst[7] in several redox reactions and use of RuCl, as a homogenous catalyst in both acid and alkaline media is of interest. Though the mechanism of catalysis depends on the nature of substrate, oxidant, and other experimental conditions, it has been shown that metal ions acts as catalyst by one of these different paths like formation of a complex with reactants or free radicals, etc. The Ruthenium (III) catalysis of a number of organic and inorganic reactions in alkaline media have been studied[8]. The mechanism of the catalysis can be quite complicated due to the formulation of different intermediate complexes, free radicals and different oxidation states of rutheniumn. The uncatalysed reaction has been studied earlier by the same authors[7], now the catalysed reaction is undertaken to know the changes and to shape out the comparative study between catalysed and uncatalysed reaction. A microscopic amount of osmium (VIII) is sufficient to catalyse there action in alkaline medium and a variety of mechanism are possible. The literature survey reveals that there are no reports on mechanistic studies of osmium (VIII) catalysed oxidation of guanidine hydrochloride by alkaline periodate. Thus in order to explore the mechanism of oxidation and to know the active species of osmium (VII) in strongly alkaline medium the detail kinetic study of the title reaction is undertaken.

Keywords: Kinetics, Oxidation, Ruthenium (III), Guanidine, Periodate, alkaline medium

Abstract: Education is considered to be the best friend of any individual.It helps him to act rightly and understand the true meaning of life. Education is the foundation on which every successful nation is build. Success and progress of any nation is dependent on the educational foundation of people of country.The torch bearers of education are teacher's. In Indian culture, teachers have always been given the utmost respect. Teachers have been considered as the most powerful agents of social change. A successful teacher is the one who has passion to teach and is able to give instructions to students according to their individual needs As teacher's are the most important link between students and education,the teacher's personality is the ideal for a child. The experiences of a teacher, inside and outside school, helps in evolving her personality. As teacher has to efficiently play many roles in school,it is very important that a teacher should have high and positive self-concept. Many studies have been completed on self-concept of teachers but still limited information is available on how to develop and maintain positive self-concepts amongst teachers so that they are successful in primary schools. This article is an attempt to get an insight on how self-concept is perceived and is different amongst teachers of private and govt primary schools.

Keywords: Self Concept, Teachers Self-Concept, Self-Efficiency, Literature Review

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to model, design and statically analyse the propeller shaft made from composite materials consisting of low carbon steel, epoxy, S-glass and T-700 fiber. The static structural analysis is administered for both conventional steel propeller shaft and hybrid composite propeller shaft to estimate the displacements, stresses, strains and forces in structures or components caused by loads that don't induce significant inertia and damping effects. Comparative results show that The steel shaft exhibits minimum value for directional deformation along y-axis, equivalent elastic strain, Maximum shear elastic strain and Maximum shear stress compared to hybrid composite shafts, which means that, steel shaft can withstand more load compare to hybrid composite one. But, for the Equivalent (Von Mises) stress hybrid composite shaft exhibits minimum value leading to more load withstand ability. From the analysis, it can be justified that for minimum load conditions, i.e., for light weight passenger's vehicle, the hybrid composite shafts can be considered rather than steel shaft thus reducing the overall weight of the vehicle and increasing the performance.

Keywords: Hybrid Composite Propeller Shaft, static analysis, ANSYS

Abstract: Pollution is a serious issue, and as the world's population grows, so does the need for energy and commodities, resulting in environmental repercussions. Increased solid waste output, increased air pollution from automobiles and industrial plants, and contamination of soil and groundwater are only a few of those consequences. Nanotechnology has the potential to improve the environment by using nanoparticles for detecting, preventing, and treating contaminants by removing them. Nanoparticles have a great surface area to mass ratio, allowing them to demonstrate unique qualities that are fully exploited in nanotechnology applications. Nanotechnology can help save resources by using lightweight, high-strength carbon nanotube and metal oxide framework materials as hydrogen storage materials. The use of nanomaterials and nanoparticles in manufacturing and energy-related applications can result in significant resource savings and increased efficiency. This study investigates the use of nanotechnology in pollution detection, prevention, and treatment.

Keywords: Nanomaterials, Pollution, Nano sensors, Environment, Nanotechnology, Treatment, Detection, Prevention.

Abstract: Household waste management is a crucial task owing to the increasing amount of pollution in the environment and the wide range of different components in this solid waste. Household waste is mostly comprised of biodegradable and highly putrescible kitchen waste. Through the activity of earthworms, such waste can be recycled with vermicomposting, and this bio-conversion of organic waste material transforms waste into nutrient-rich 'Vermicompost,' benefiting both the economy and the environment. With this context, the present study was undertaken to determine the impact of household waste management through vermicomposting on environment and to find out the economic benefits of household waste management through vermicomposting and to identify constraints perceived by households during the household waste management through vermicomposting. The present study was descriptive in nature. Purposive random sampling was used to scrutinize 60 households and the locale of study was RPCAU Pusa Campus. The data was gathered by using a well-structured interview schedule and the personal interview-cum-observation method. The results of the study revealed that more or less every household in the university's residential area generates approximately 1.12 kg of waste, of which 68.75% was biodegradable and 31.25% was non-biodegradable waste. Respondents agreed that vermicomposting eliminates the use of chemical fertilizers in their gardens and farms (62%), disposing of waste in random areas has been reduced (55%), it helps to create a greener and healthier environment than before (48%) and stench from overfilled garbage bins and uncollected waste on roadside has been reduced (42%). The present study revealed the cost benefit ratio was 1.44 showed that vermicomposting as a tool of HWM could be an attainable and feasible enterprise and hence can generate the revenue and employment. This study encourages both government and private organizations to use eco-friendly technology to reduce, recycle, and manage waste through vermicomposting in order to achieve a positive impact on the environment. Furthermore, the current study promotes youth and farmers to use low-cost HWM technology such as vermicomposting to earn significant benefits and increase farm income.

Keywords: Household waste, Waste Management, Vermicompost, Environment, Economic benefits,

Abstract: Over the last twenty to thirty years' composites materials has been used in engineering field. Composite materials possess high strength and high strength to weight ratio, and due to these facts composite materials are becoming popular among researchers and scientists. Wear test is one of the prime characteristic investigation test for determining the tribological behaviour of material under surface sliding and erosion. In the test sliding wear mechanism is adopted to study the material degradation under slides or contact surface using Pin-on-disc apparatus, in which materials are tested under dry sliding non-abrasion condition. Tribological characteristics of hybridized polymer matrix nano composites is determined by subjecting the composite specimens to sliding wear on Pin-on-disc sliding wear testing facility, the wear rate and co-efficient of friction were determined on ASTM G-99 Hardened steel disc, placing the fiber orientation of the composite specimen in parallel and normal to the sliding direction. The test was conducted on three samples of each composite specimen with different percentage integration of SiC viz, 0% 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% volume fraction of SiC reinforcement in composites under different loads.

Keywords: Kevlar, SiC, Eglass, Wear and Hardness..

Abstract: Bio-medical waste is highly hazardous which can cause serious diseases. So bio-medical waste management is required to reduce the serious health implications. This paper deals with the basic issues of bio-medical waste disposal and management of biomedical waste. Its purpose is to spread knowledge among the personnel involved in health care facilities, research and development laboratories and manufacturing units to prevent transmission of the diseases in the society and to protect public health and environment. The Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 have to be followed for the safe disposal of bio-medical wastes.

Keywords: Bio-medical waste, Health care facility, Segregation, Incineration

Abstract: This work presents the development of a software used as a tool for the basic learning of the Mayan language through a game, which will be used in the first instance in elementary schools in the east of the state of Yucatán, Mexico, in order to continue preserving the Mayan culture and therefore the Mayan language, specifically the dialect that characterizes the Yucatecans. The achievement of communication through languages is of great importance since human beings today could not understand life without the ability to access the information that is being generated at all times in all areas. The software interface that is presented to the user is friendly and intuitive so that the user can learn to use it without any problem.

Keywords: Software, educational software, teaching-learning process, educational game, mayan language.

Abstract: Government of India enforced the Goods and Services Tax in India from September 2017 midnight; it is the big indirect tax reform to the Indian economy having dual tax system with providing contribution to the economy in the form of "Gross Domestic product" in long run. Goods and Services Tax has been introduced to our indirect tax system. Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a comprehensive indirect tax reform in India's history. It is different in way of levy, collection, and administration, where technology driven - Goods and Services Tax Network as front-end for registration application, filing of return, generation of business intelligence and analytics. Reforms in indirect tax will ensure fruitful benefits to various classes' of economy. Council still exit and making several policies and procedures and also it insist to the Government to enforce. So, it is a good sign still there is a lot of changes will appear in GST policies and procedures soon. GST is affordable and most convenient to both the type of assesses, taxpayers, manufacturers, importers, exporters, sellers, buyers and all other users along with government bodies. In this research paper Authors identify the importance of the tax reforms committee's recommendations, and reviewed the differences of past and present tax reforms in India and finally they procured that the "Goods and services tax is most significant and sufficient tax reforms in indirect tax system of India". Along with this they contributed some suggestions, findings, challenges of GST after enforced in India.

Keywords: Tax reforms, GST, Reform committees, Input tax credit, GST model.

Abstract: Earthquakes are unexpected and uncontrolled catastrophic events. However it is dreaded all over the world, earthquakes are not the significant reason for injury or death at the point when they strike. It is generally expected the structures and the environment around them that put individuals in danger. The paper basically investigates on the factor that leads to the failure of structure during earthquake, base isolation and tuned mass damper technique which is used to make a building earthquake resistant and also highlight the materials used to build earthquake resistant buildings.

Keywords: Earthquake, Failure of structure, Resistant building.

Abstract: World is endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants. The studied plant Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum [Thevetia Yellow] is also one of the important medicinal as well as ornamental plant (Apocynaceae) commonly known as yellow oleander. The leaves of Thevetia Yellow were extracted with 95% ethanol and in aqueous by using Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus. The antibacterial activity was performed against gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative bacteria viz. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. The result showed that ethanolic and aqueous leaf extract of Thevetia Yellow, having strong antibacterial activities against the entire tested gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The phytochemical studies reveals the presence of alkaloids, essential oils, flavanoids, cardiac glycosides, phenolic compounds, phytosterols, saponins, tannins and terpenoids, which have proven to be potential antibacterial agents and medicinal utility of the plant. Thus Thevetia Yellow leaves may be utilized in the preparation of some newer antibiotics against tested bacteria.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Cardiac glycosides, Phytochemical analysis, Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum.

Abstract: It has expanded the commitment of Indian women in the economy of family and country. However, what might be said about the harmony between their work life and everyday life. For that reason, such review has been led and the information has been gathered from the female respondents of schooling area. It has been coming out that females are confronting trouble in dealing with their own and expert life simultaneously. The public authority of Indian just as of states and others also are pushing for expanding the commitment of ladies in the general public for that the public authority has presented booking for ladies just as age limit has been expanded for applying to government occupations for ladies.

Keywords: Female employees, work life balances, Indian public authority.

Abstract: India is a traditional country and there is multiplicity in religions, culture and customs. Role of the women in India mostly is household and limited to domestic issues. In the history of human development, women have been as dynamic as men have been. There are many reasons and problems that enforced Indian's women to work. The financial demands on the Indian families are increasing day by day. high living, expenses on education of children, and rate of housing assets in India raised and these reasons forces every family in India to look for ways and means of increasing the household income. Women today are blessed with many opportunities to explore their passions and make their mark. One can be a homemaker, lawyer, programmer, or astronaut. Women workers in India are faced with lot more challenges than the other countries. In this changing world, only our higher-order thinking skills which is powerful can keep us aware, engaged, and growing. Any skill that is useful in your life can be considered a life skill. Life skills are abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands, challenges, and stress of everyday life. These skills include Decision-making, problem solving, communication and interpersonal skills Self-awareness, empathy, coping with emotions and stress and are essential to the mental development in a woman's life. In this paper researcher includes how life skill is useful to eradicate problems of working women to some extent. Key words- working women, problems and challenges, work-balance, life skills

Abstract: This study investigated the accumulation of heavy metals like As,Pb,and Cd by plants belongs to family Amaranthaceae and soil occurred around the polluted area of Thrissur District. Plants from involved in this studies were Hygrophila angustifolia and Alternanthera tenella,.The concentration of metals in root, shoot and leaf were varies across the plant species and the plant parts. The observed metallic levels in plants were not within the FAO/WHO limit guideline values for heavy metal levels in food. But in soil , heavy metal content was within the permissible limits recommanded by World Health Organization (WHO).

Keywords: - Heavy metals, As,Pb, Cd, Hygrophila angustifolia, Alternanthera tenella, , FAO/WHO

Abstract: Sustaining and preserving the natural environment is essential for the future generations. India is one of the numerous countries where wildlife or nature-based tourism is growing. Young people must contribute more to wildlife conservation. Those who engage in nature-based tourism may experience wildlife parks, hikes, camping, watches birds, and scuba diving, as well as other experiences, dependent on the natural environment. In addition to providing funds for park management and employment, these types of tourism are considered beneficial to conservation and local economies. Sustainable development has been a fundamental component of youth groups' programmes all around the world. Thus we hear about new youth-led initiatives almost every day, ranging from deforestation, disaster management, and helping animals. While everyone in society is responsible for protecting the community's environmental integrity, young people have a specific interest in undertaking because they will be the ones to use it in the near future. Human existence will be improved by the environmentally friendly utilisation of natural resources and environmentally sustainable economic growth. Millennials know that this is not the right time to sit back and wait for things to happen of their own accord.

Keywords: Sustainable Wildlife Tourism, Indian Youth, Wildlife Conservation, Local Communities

Abstract: Coastal Karnataka comprises three coastal districts. The biodiversity is rich and unique in this region because western ghats pass through these coastal districts. These regions are under threat due to natural and anthropogenic factors. Biological invasion by alien species is one such threat that falls under both categories. Now the alien flora has become naturalized and has become part of native flora. Some plant species have become beneficial because of their medicinal value. However, the threat to biodiversity cannot be ignored due to invasive behavior by some species. The present paper attempts to identify and document the diversity of alien and naturalized flora of coastal regions of Karnataka with ethnobotanical uses of some plant species. Altogether 74 species of flowering plants belonging to 29 families have been identified. The habit-wise analysis of the plants indicates the presence of 63 herbs, followed by 09 shrubs, 02climbers, and 02 trees. Asteraceae is the most dominant family with 13 species. The region accounts for 42% of the alien flora of the country. Of the 74 species of recorded plants, 21 are used for various medicinal and other uses by the indigenous communities and tribals in the study area.

Keywords: Coastal Karnataka, Invasive Alien flora, Diversity, Ethnobotany

Abstract: The diversity and sectoral abundance of four selected phytoplankton groups have been studied in Vanivilas Sagar Reservoir. Altogether 46 species of phytoplankton were recorded during the study period. The Cyanophyceae are represented by 8 genera, Chlorophyceae by 17 genera, Bacillariophyceae by 11 genera, and Euglenophyceae by 2 genera. The sectoral distribution of total phytoplankton indicated their highest distribution at sector I (35.57%) followed by sector II (34.52%) and sector III (29.90%). Spacio-temporal abundance indicates all the four groups of phytoplankton recorded their peak abundance during the pre-monsoon period in all three sectors.

Keywords: Vanivilas Sagar Reservoir, Phytoplankton, Diversity, Abundance

Abstract: E-waste' means electrical and electronic equipment, whole or in part discarded as waste by the consumer or bulk consumer as well as rejects from manufacturing, refurbishment and repair processes. It contains many hazardous substances, such as halogenated compounds, heavy metals, lead, cadmium, mercury and micro and nano-size dusts, all of which require proper handling during the storage, collection, recycling and disposal stages. Major recycling of e-waste is carried out in the non-formal sector using primitive and hazardous methods. Adequate legislative measures and cost-effective, environmental friendly, technological solution would be needed to address the issue. The E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016 have to be followed for the safe disposal of E-wastes.

Keywords: E-waste, recycle, extended producer responsibility, equipments, waste management

Abstract: The present study deals with the comparison of Emotional and Behavioral between male and female students at the end of 2012-2013 academic year in their study. Exclusion criteria were the presence of chronic medical conditions or any other condition that would put the subjects at risk when performing the tests. The subjects were free of smoking, alcohol and caffeine consumption, antioxidant supplementation and drugs. They completed an informed consent document to participate in the study. The significant deference of Emotional and Behaviorals (t=p=

+91-7667918914 iarjset@gmail.com 0 Items International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology A Monthly Peer-Reviewed Multidisciplinary Journal ISSN Online 2393-8021 ISSN Print 2394-1588 Since 2014 Home About About IARJSET Aims and Scope Editorial Board Editorial Policies Publication Ethics Publication Policies Indexing and Abstracting Citation Index License Information Authors How can I publish my paper? Instructions to Authors Benefits to Authors Why Publish in IARJSET Call for Papers Check my Paper status Publication Fee Details Publication Fee Mode FAQs Author Testimonials Reviewers Topics Peer Review Current Issue & Archives Indexing FAQ’s Contact Select Page Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Cleome gynandra L. Stem and Leaf extracts Abhilasha.N, Beligiriranga.V, Meghashree.A. M

Abstract: The crude extraction of Cleome gynandra L. leaf and stem obtained in different solvents like methanol, ethanol and water was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis and the antibacterial screening against the gram-negative bacteria. Phytochemical study of both stem and leaf extracts shows the presence of secondary metabolites like Alkaloid, Cardiac glycosides, Flavonoids, Phlobatannins, Amino acids and Proteins which were predominantly present in all tested solvent extracts, followed by Saponins were present only in the methanol and water extract of both stem and leaf. Among all the three tested solvent of stem and leaf extract shows the various degree of significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methanol extract of leaf shows the maximum inhibitory activity against E. coli and ethanol extract of both stem and leaf shows the similar inhibitory action against both tested bacteria. Water extract of stem and leaf shows the minimum inhibition with reference to the standard (Chloramphenicol). Keywords- Phytochemical analysis, Antibacterial activity, Cleome gynandra L. Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2021.81227 How to Cite: [1] Abhilasha.N, Beligiriranga.V, Meghashree.A. M, "Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Cleome gynandra L. Stem and Leaf extracts," International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology (IARJSET), DOI: IARJSET.2021.81227 Copy Citation Call for Papers Rapid Publication 24/7 April 2026 Submission: eMail paper now Notification: Immediate Publication: Immediately with eCertificates Frequency: Monthly Downloads Paper Format Copyright Form   Submit to iarjset@gmail.com or editor@iarjset.com   Submit My Paper Author CenterHow can I publish my paper? Publication Fee Why Publish in IARJSET Benefits to Authors Guidelines to Authors FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) Author Testimonials IARJSET ManagementAims and Scope Call for Papers Editorial Board DOI and Crossref Publication Ethics Editorial Policies Publication Policies Subscription / Librarian Conference Special Issue Info ArchivesCurrent Issue & Archives Conference Special Issue Copyright © 2026 IARJSET This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Open chat

Abstract: Energy and foreign exchange crises are affecting countries without petroleum resources, owing mostly to crude petroleum imports. Alternative fuels that can be grown locally within the country from a range of resources, such as alcohol, biodiesel, vegetable oils, and so on, must be sought and identified. Sustainable development and environmental protection are the key motivations of alternative fuels. A viable alternative, biodiesel, solves all of the performance issues that come with diesel engines. Mahua oil was chosen as a source since it is non-edible, non-toxic, and biodegradable, as well as being widely available in India. Mahua Oil (MO) and its biodiesel are mixed in the samples (MOME). An acid and base trans-esterification process was used to make Mahua bio-diesel. No diesel oil was used to prepare samples for this experiment. Pure mahua oil, biodiesel, and gasoline samples had their physico-chemical properties investigated and compared to diesel. The goal of this study was to execute a performance and emission characteristics test with mahua biodiesel blended with Mahua Oil in various volume proportions (MO). Taguchi, Regression, and ANOVA analysis were used to tabulate and optimise the performance and emission outcomes.

Keywords: BSFC, BTE, CO Emissions, HC Emissions, NOX Emissions, Mahua Oil, Mahua Oil Methyl Ester (biodiesel), Optimization, Taguchi analysis and Transesterification.

Abstract: This paper deals with a brief account of floristic diversity based on short term survey made in selected areas with ethnobotanical information obtained from the available literature. In the present study, altogether 81 species of flowering plants belonging to 42 families have been identified and presented. The habit-wise analysis of the plants indicates the presence of 49 (60%) herbs, followed by 13 (16%) shrubs, 09 (13%) climbers, and 10 (11%) trees. Of the 81 species of recorded plants, 21 are used for various tribal and nontribal communities in the study area.

Keywords: Flora, Devarayanadurga, Pilot Survey.

Abstract: Wind energy is one of the most important and promising sources of renewable energy all over the world. Throughout the globe, in the last, three- or four-decades generation of electricity from wind energy has created a wide interest. At the same time, there has been a rapid development of wind energy-related technology. The control and estimation of wind energy conversion systems constitute a vast subject and are more complex than those of dc drives. Induction generators are widely preferable in wind farms because of their brushless construction, robustness, low maintenance requirements, and self-protection against short circuits. Low cost, robustness, and ease of maintenance are attractive features of induction generators. With wind turbine and micro/mini-hydro generators as an alternative energy source, the induction generators are being considered as an alternative choice to well-developed synchronous generators because of their simplicity, ruggedness, little maintenance, price, brushless (in squirrel cage construction), absence of separate dc source, self-protection against severe overloads and short circuits. In isolated systems, squirrel cage induction generators with capacitor excitation, known as self-excited induction generators (SEIGs), are very popular. This paper presents a review of literature related to the present status of research work on self-excited induction generators (SEIG), their terminal voltage control strategies, and over the past years discussing the classification of induction generators, steady-state and transient analysis, voltage control aspects, and parallel operation of SEIG.

Abstract: Plastic waste means any plastic discarded after use or after their intended use is over. Plastic wastes are rapidly produced and exposed at a high rate due to the world's industrial development and population growth. Both biodegradable and non-degradable wastes are highly generated from man-made activities (operational sectors and climatic conditions, industrial growth, socio-economic development) and the natural processes of living creatures. Government municipalities, social communities, and local authorities have established different measures and environmental safety legislation rules that can guide the population to dispose of plastic waste after utilization. In these waste management strategies, several are scientifically based, such as recycling, incineration, and landfills. These methods are established to have a clean environment and good plastic waste disposal.. The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016 have to be followed for the safe disposal of plastic wastes.

Keywords: Plastic waste, Recycling, Waste management, Incineration, Land filling

Abstract: This is a research-based project and the basic point motivating this project is learning and implementing Data Structures and Algorithms [1] that reduces time and space complexity [2]. In this project, we reduce the time taken to search a given record by using a B/B+ tree [3] rather than indexing and traditional sequential access. It is concluded that disk-access times are much slower than main memory access times. Typical seek times and rotational delays are of the order of 5 to 6 milliseconds and typical data transfer rates are of the range of 5 to 10 million bytes per second and therefore, main memory access times are likely to be at least 4 or 5 orders of magnitude faster than disk access on any given system. Therefore, the objective is to minimize the number of disk accesses and thus, this project is concerned with techniques for achieving that objective i.e. techniques for arranging the data on a disk so that any required piece of data, say some specific record, can be located in as few I/O's as possible.

Keywords: B+ Trees - DBMS - Search Optimizations - File Systems

Abstract: The Flavonoids naturally occurring plant pigments, natural polyphenols are secondary metabolites and are interesting class of phytochemicals due to their pharmacological properties. The potency of different class of flavonoids in medicinal uses are attributed to their chemical structures. The basic structure is a Diphenyl propane skeleton in which two benzene rings are linked by a chain of three carbon which forms a closed pyran ring. The substitution pattern and nature of substituents decide the potency of flavonoids against a particular disease and make them an interesting class of phytochemicals.

Keywords: Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Flavone, Antioxidants, Radical Scavenging

Abstract: Mental tension leads to the loss in self-confidence, bad temper, foul play and committing mistakes, which in the normal relaxed state they would not have done. The present study determine the negative mental health of Chess Players and Non Chess Players. The, Mental health was measured by the using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -12) . The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) is a measure of current mental health and since its development by Goldberg in the 1970s it has been extensively used in different settings and different cultures. The 12-item GHQ-12 comprises six 'NEGATIVE' and six 'negative' items . The sample consisted of 50 Chess Players and 50 and non Chess Players from Nanded at the end of 2017-18 academic year in their study.

Abstract: This article reviews the problem of effects of E-waste on Environment and Living beings. Selected papers published in the English language including the phrase "E-waste" in the title, abstract, or key words were searched in science direct and Google scholar databases and reviewed. The literature provides evidence that in recent years the problem of E-waste has attracted the interest of many researches. Development was used to ensure E-waste is managed in a strategic way that leads to an E-waste management approach that could exist in a sustainable society. The effect of E-waste on the environment and living beings is discussed in the article.

Keywords: E-waste, Electronic waste, Waste management, Hazardous waste.

Abstract: Considerable improvement in earthquake resistant design has been observed in recent past. As a result Indian seismic code IS: 1893 has also been revised in year 2002, after a gap of 18 years. This paper presents the seismic load estimation for multistorey building as per IS: 1893-2002 recommendations. The existing multistorey RC framed buildings of six storey is considered and analyzed. The Static and Dynamic analysis of the building is done, in Dynamic analysis lateral Load is considered. The Dynamic analysis is done by Time history method. This analysis for building and the results are used to compare the seismic parameters such as storey shear, base shear, storey displacement, bending moment and Axial force, computed as per the seismic code IS 1893-2002. The seismic forces, computed by IS: 1893-2002 are found to be significantly higher than that of static analysis except the base shear. The difference varies with structure properties. It is concluded that such study needs to be carried out for individual structure to predict seismic vulnerability of existing RC framed buildings that were designed using earlier code and due to revisions in the codal provisions may have rendered unsafe.

Keywords: Static Analysis, Dynamic Analysis, Time History Analysis, Earthquake Loads, IS 1893-2002, Existing RC building, Multistorey building.

+91-7667918914 iarjset@gmail.com 0 Items International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology A Monthly Peer-Reviewed Multidisciplinary Journal ISSN Online 2393-8021 ISSN Print 2394-1588 Since 2014 Home About About IARJSET Aims and Scope Editorial Board Editorial Policies Publication Ethics Publication Policies Indexing and Abstracting Citation Index License Information Authors How can I publish my paper? Instructions to Authors Benefits to Authors Why Publish in IARJSET Call for Papers Check my Paper status Publication Fee Details Publication Fee Mode FAQs Author Testimonials Reviewers Topics Peer Review Current Issue & Archives Indexing FAQ’s Contact Select Page “Impacts of physical fitness training programmes (PFTP) on Psychoticism and Lie scale on volleyball players” Dr.VikramKunturwar, Dr. Sinku Kumar Singh

Abstract: The aim of the research was to determine the effects of physical fitness training programmes on Psychoticism and Lie scale in volleyball players. Only one group was targeted experimental group, there was no control group. The 30 male volleyball players, participated in the study and their age ranged between 19-30 years. Training was given to the experimental groups. The data was collected through respondents in the form of different experimental tests. A training program was planned for 12 weeks, 5 days a week and 90 minutes. a day. Exercise that use large muscles groups that can be maintained continuously and are aerobic in nature. These exercises include walking, running, jogging, climbing, jumping row and cross country. The result reveals that there was No significant effects of Physical fitness training programme was found in Psychoticism and Lie scale in volleyball players
Key Words : Psychoticism, Lie-Scale, Volleyball, Physical fitness Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2021.81237 How to Cite: [1] Dr.VikramKunturwar, Dr. Sinku Kumar Singh, "“Impacts of physical fitness training programmes (PFTP) on Psychoticism and Lie scale on volleyball players”," International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology (IARJSET), DOI: IARJSET.2021.81237 Copy Citation Call for Papers Rapid Publication 24/7 April 2026 Submission: eMail paper now Notification: Immediate Publication: Immediately with eCertificates Frequency: Monthly Downloads Paper Format Copyright Form   Submit to iarjset@gmail.com or editor@iarjset.com   Submit My Paper Author CenterHow can I publish my paper? Publication Fee Why Publish in IARJSET Benefits to Authors Guidelines to Authors FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) Author Testimonials IARJSET ManagementAims and Scope Call for Papers Editorial Board DOI and Crossref Publication Ethics Editorial Policies Publication Policies Subscription / Librarian Conference Special Issue Info ArchivesCurrent Issue & Archives Conference Special Issue Copyright © 2026 IARJSET This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Open chat

Abstract: The use of neural networks in medicine normally is linked to disease diagnostics systems. However, neural networks are not only able to recognize examples, but maintain very important information. For this reason, one of the main areas of application of neural networks is the interpretation of medical data. In this article we will discuss the application of neural networks in medicine with a concrete example - a diagnosis of diabetes disease in its early stages.

Keywords: Neural Network, Diabetic, Diagnosis

Abstract: Batteries are widely used in daily life, and a large number of batteries waste will eventually be produced. Batteries waste will cause serious environmental pollution. These batteries contain several heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel or zinc, which are all hazardous to human health and environment. The casual dumping of spent batteries into landfills eventually result in percolation of heavy metals and other toxic compounds into soil and water, contaminating food and water supplies and making them unhealthy for use by mankind and wildlife. The erroneous incineration results in release of certain toxic metals into air through stack gases or accumulation in the ash produced by the combustion process. At present, the main treatment methods of batteries waste are incineration and landfill, solidification treatment, manual sorting, wet recovery technology, dry recovery technology and bio-metallurgical technology. The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 as amended vide SO 1002(E) dt-4-5-2010 have to be followed for the safe disposal of batteries waste.

Keywords: Batteries waste, recycle, waste management, Incineration, Land fill

Abstract: In this paper, the Modelling, Design and Analysis of Car Bonnet Assembly with the Simulation Results is presented in brief along with the justifications that are being carried out.

Keywords: Car Bonnet, structural analysis, CATIA V5 R20, Hypermesh, MSc NASTRAN, Simulation Results.

Abstract: Multiplier is one of the key blocks in most of the high performance and digital systems such as the microprocessors, digital signal processors & FIR filters. This paper presents a model of 8-bit multiplier i.e. Radix -8 booth Wallace multiplier using common Boolean logic. Radix 8 Booth algorithm is responsible to generate the partial products. Wallace tree structure using 3:2 compressors is responsible for the reduction and accumulation of partial products to two rows. Whereas the SQRT [stumble] CSLA with Common Boolean logic is responsible to add the last two rows of partial products. The use of compressors in Wallace tree structure and common Boolean logic in the adder results in the reduction of overall delay and power consumption of the multiplier. A Verilog code has been written which is synthesized in Xilinx ISE 14.7 software and simulated in ModelSim. After simulation the performance of this multiplier is compared with the modified booth wallace multiplier using carry save adder & is found that the power and delay of the proposed multiplier is reduced with the increase in the number of gate count.

Keywords: Booth Encoder, Wallace tree, Compressors, MSQRT CSLA, CBL.

Abstract: This work presents the development and implementation of a mobile web system used as a tool to improve the management and administration of academic events, like congresses and anniversaries, in a higher education institution. This software allows the efficient management of the information of events, optimizes existing resources, fosters an organizational culture within the university community and promotes interaction between all the participants of an event

Keywords: Academic events, Web system, Mobile system, QR Code, Software development

Abstract: The Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK) is of national importance which would help in accelerating the agricultural production and also in improving the socio-economic conditions of the farming community. Demonstrations and training of farmers is a critical input for the rapid transfer of agriculture technology. Demonstrations is generally conducted by the Krishi Vigyan Kendras to farmers to introduce new technologies and varieties to the farmers. The study was conducted during front line demonstration (FLD) on Banyard millet variety MDU 1 at the farmers' field of usilampatti block of Madurai District during the year 2017-18. The present study aims at the transfer of technology by demonstration method among farmers. Findings of the study revealed that most of the farmers reported increased yield (23.00%). KVK, Madurai is playing a vital role in disseminating the new varieties, improved crop production technologies and helps in increasing the crop yield among farmers. The constraints faced by the farmers in obtaining higher productivity is documented and the frontline demonstrations are designed to overcome the problems in a scientific way in order to show the worth of the new evolved variety and improved package of practices for enhancing the productivity. In most of the areas of the country, traditional agricultural practices with old varieties are being practiced in order to fulfill the needs of the family. The agricultural production can be increased if the production development programmes focusing more and on transferring the new technologies from research institutes to the farmers fields and make them more result oriented. Selection of the KVK FLD programmes for farmers is based on the need of the farming community. The farmers of the usilampatti block of Madurai District cultivating low yield varieties. Therefore, to enhance the production and income per unit area, it is very essential to grow new Banyard millet variety like MDU 1, which will not only increase awareness about this crop in this area, which will result in an increased production and thus, enhance the income of farmer. Hence, the present study was conducted to demonstrate the cultivation of Banyard millet variety MDU 1, through front line demonstration in the usilampatti block of Madurai District.

Abstract: Melasma is caused because of stress, hormonal changes, or from sun exposure. Ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun stimulates the melanocytes cell. Which then begin producing increase melanin, resulting in patches of discoloration. The dark patches than your usual skin color. When compared to men, women are much more likely to develop this condition. It typically occurs on the cheeks, forehead and bridge of the nose, chin. Recently, attention has been focused on identifying natural herbs. Glycyrrhiza glabra compounds with high biological activity, especially antioxidative, Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, for preventing and controlling various skin conditions, including melasma, hyperpigmentation, are more common these days with people. This article aims to develop a face mask using Glycyrrhiza glabra commonly known as licorice root. This root is commonly known for its UV fighting super ingredient and hyperpigmentation. The usage of medical non-woven cotton material in Face masks is friendly to sensitive skin.

Keywords: Melasma, licorice root, UV fighting, Natural herbs, Face mask, Glycyrrhiza glabra.

Abstract: In the context of sustainable development, considerable interest is being shown in the use of natural fibres as reinforcement in polymer composites and in the development of resins from renewable resources. Natural fibres are widely used for reinforcement in polymer composites. The advantages of natural fibres such as renewable, environmentally friendly, low cost, and many more are well known. Natural fibres are used in many applications such as the aerospace industry, marine sector, automotive industry, sporting segments, and construction industries. This paper focuses on how the presence of water plays a crucial role in the mechanical behavior of natural fibres. Water plays the role of plasticizer. In practice, the major drawbacks of using natural fibre are their high degree of moisture absorption and poor dimensional stability. In this paper, 8 layers and 6 layers of jute and sisal fibre were selected as the reinforcing materials and epoxy resin was chosen as the matrix. The compression molding process was adopted to produce the hybrid composite. Moisture absorption tests were conducted by immersing composite specimens in environmental conditions such as distilled water at room temperature for different time periods like 24hrs, 48hrs, and 72 hrs. The moisture absorption and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, the flexural strength of these composites have been evaluated as per ASTM standards. The process of water absorption of these composites was found to approach Fickian diffusion behaviour. Maximum water uptake values were evaluated; the results revealed that the effect of water absorption showed a significant reduction in the mechanical performance of all composites.

Keywords: Natural fibres, Jute-Sisal-Epoxy Composites, Moisture absorption, Tensile Test, Flexural Test, Impact Test, ILSS Test.

Abstract: Natural fibres are getting attention from researchers to utilize in polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. Natural fibres due to its renewable, ecofriendly and biodegradable properties find its application in wide array of fields. The natural fibres can be reinforced with matrix components like epoxy resin and Polylactic acid to improve their productivity and performance. To understand the characteristics of the natural fibres the various test has to be conducted.

Keywords: Natural fibres, Reinforcement and epoxy resin.

Abstract: Over the last twenty to thirty years composite materials has been used in engineering field. Composite materials possess high strength and high strength to weight ratio, and due to these facts composite materials are becoming popular among researchers and scientists. The major proportion of engineering materials consists of composite materials. Composite materials are used in vast applications ranging from day-to-day household articles to highly sophisticated applications. In this present investigation hybrid composites of Epoxy/Nano clay/Glass fiber are prepared by Hand-layup technique. The glass fiber used in this present investigation is E-glass fiber bi-directional: 45° orientation). The composite samples are made in the form of a plate. The wt% of nanoclay added in the preparation of sample was varied, ranging from 1wt% to 5wt%. The fabricated composite materials were cut into corresponding profiles as per standards for tensile testing.

Keywords: Jute, Hemp, E-Glass and Tensile

Abstract: This paper deals with a synoptic review of the ecological and economic services of mangroves concerning India. The information was collected by visiting Internet search engines and published articles and reports. Mangrove forests live in two worlds at once, acting as the interface between land and sea. They exhibit unique adaptations. Mangrove ecosystems harbours a variety of flora and fauna. They provide a variety of services related to ecological and economic aspects. Anthropological pressures and natural calamities are the enemies of the ecosystem. Scientific knowledge of these habitats would help in better management so that productivity could be combined with sustainability and conservation.

Keywords: Mangrove Ecosystem, Ecological and Economic services.

Abstract: The main objective of this project is to predict the Prices of Used Cars, compare the prices and also estimate the life span of a particular car, keeping in mind various statistics of that car. It is said that a new car loses its value by 10% the moment the car is taken out from the showroom. We can easily say that the main predictor of prices in this scenario is the number is kilometers the car has been driven. secondly, we need also need to keep in mind the brands of a car, each car company have their own way of pricing their car and so the prices differ from one car to another. So, the main motive of this project is to assure that the money they would invest in the car will be worthy. For the prediction of the price of used cars we applied the supervised machine learning techniques. The predictions are based on dataset collected from various website and Kaggle Website mostly. Different techniques like multiple linear regression analysis, decision trees and k-nearest neighbors have been used to make the predictions. The predictions are then rate and compared Data Which we are collected in order to find those which provide the best performances. From this we can see that this easy problem turned out to be indeed very difficult to resolve with high accuracy. All these four methods provided performance and comparable. In the Upcoming life span, we intend to use more sophisticated algorithms to make the predictions.

+91-7667918914 iarjset@gmail.com 0 Items International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology A Monthly Peer-Reviewed Multidisciplinary Journal ISSN Online 2393-8021 ISSN Print 2394-1588 Since 2014 Home About About IARJSET Aims and Scope Editorial Board Editorial Policies Publication Ethics Publication Policies Indexing and Abstracting Citation Index License Information Authors How can I publish my paper? Instructions to Authors Benefits to Authors Why Publish in IARJSET Call for Papers Check my Paper status Publication Fee Details Publication Fee Mode FAQs Author Testimonials Reviewers Topics Peer Review Current Issue & Archives Indexing FAQ’s Contact Select Page Movies Recommendation System Pooja Mankar, Namrata Pisal, Aditya Pharande

Abstract: Recommendation System are the systems provide suggestions to the user(Recommends the content). Contents like Books, Movies, Smart Phones, Vehicles. While movie recommendation systems suggest the user movies that are based on the previous movie's attributes liked by the user. These recom- mendation systems are very helpful in companies, websites, stores where the amount of the content is large as well as number of customer (consumer) is huge & content is diverse. Designing such a system lot of factors are considered, mainly the genre of movie, While other factors may include the actors, language, director of the movie. Multiple factors may affect the suggestions, while Some factor might play bigger roles than other based on the user's history of selection. This paper proposes a system that uses the K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm, In injunction with Collaborative filtering. The data-set used for this system is TMDB. The data analysis tool used is Python. Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2021.81251 How to Cite: [1] Pooja Mankar, Namrata Pisal, Aditya Pharande, "Movies Recommendation System," International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology (IARJSET), DOI: IARJSET.2021.81251 Copy Citation Call for Papers Rapid Publication 24/7 April 2026 Submission: eMail paper now Notification: Immediate Publication: Immediately with eCertificates Frequency: Monthly Downloads Paper Format Copyright Form   Submit to iarjset@gmail.com or editor@iarjset.com   Submit My Paper Author CenterHow can I publish my paper? Publication Fee Why Publish in IARJSET Benefits to Authors Guidelines to Authors FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) Author Testimonials IARJSET ManagementAims and Scope Call for Papers Editorial Board DOI and Crossref Publication Ethics Editorial Policies Publication Policies Subscription / Librarian Conference Special Issue Info ArchivesCurrent Issue & Archives Conference Special Issue Copyright © 2026 IARJSET This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Open chat

Abstract: Dakshina Kannada district is situated in the peninsular region of India. The peninsula is composed of geologically ancient rocks of diverse original and most of them have undergone metamorphism. The early Precambrian tonalitic gneisses invaded by granites, granulates and dolerite dykes. Granulates are mostly restricted to areas south of Mangalore City. High grade alumina rich (corundum bearing) metamorphic schists have been encountered and younger alkaline intrusive rocks like Aegerine syenites have been reported. There are five rivers and estuaries. Number of lineaments cut across each other and some lineaments are parallel to each other. The Arabian Sea class is the largest among other land cover features in the study area. The groundwater table goes down at a faster rate after the south west monsoon and dries up during early summer months. At present the problem of saltwater intrusion along the coastal Dakshina Kannada districts is not fully scientifically assessed. The GALDIT- index based method applied in the region to assess the vulnerability of the area to seawater intrusion.

Keywords: GALDIT method, rock types, water table, water quality, pumping test, granulates.

Abstract: Blockchain technology could be implemented not only in digital currency, but also in other fields. One such implementation is in democratic life, namely voting. This research focuses on designing a blockchain-based electronic voting system for medium to large-scale usage that complies with law, specifically voting principles in Indonesia. In this research, we proposed the following: a ballot design as block transaction employing UUID version 4, a modified block structure using SHA3-256 hash algorithm, and a voting protocol. The minimum length of a ballot is 43 bytes (excluding ECDSA signature) if one character is used as candidate's identifier and timestamp is stored as integer. We built a simulation program using Pythonbased Django web framework to cast 2000 votes and mine them into blocks. Tampered transactions in each block could be detected and restored by synchronizing data with another node. We also evaluated the proposed system. By using this system, voters can exercise voting principles in Indonesia: direct, public, free, confidential, honest, and fair.

Keywords: Blockchain, voting, design, simulation, Python

Abstract: Thermal buckling is performed for Clamped Free Free Free (CFFF) three dimensional functionally graded plate. It is estimated that each plate's material property varies in axial, longitudinal and thickness direction by power law distribution. COMSOL software was used to finite element analysis . The effect on critical buckling temperature, such as power exponent and boundary conditions on FGM plate are considered.

Keywords: Functionally Graded Material Plate; Thermal Buckling Analysis; Power Law; Finite Element Method

Abstract: A two echelon system of a supply chain may consider the two stages as separate or simultaneous. This paper studies a two-echelon inventory system with a large steel company warehouse and analyses the effect of applying two approaches in supply chain management. The dispatch data of one year is taken for the dispatch of goods from warehouse and retailers and the total cost of ordering is calculated for the past data under two scenarios. In particular inventory management system approach considering separate system is having more cost comparing to simultaneously inventory management. The cost component in a supply chain is particularly very crucial for a heavy and capital chain like steel industry where the operating margins and business leverage are very narrow. Study has been done analyzing the cost component but the approach adopted in paper can also be applied to analyze value addition in a supply chain using different approach.

Keywords: EOQ, Inventory management, two-echelon inventory system, cost optimization.

Abstract: In recent years, Artificial Intelligence has shown significant progress and its potential is growing rapidly. An application area of Artificial Intelligence is Natural Language Processing. Voice assistants can communicate with the users in natural language. Voice assistants are easy to use and can many difficult tasks easy. But currently there is no voice assistant to analyze spreadsheet data and also it hard to analyze spreadsheet data for people with non-analytics background. All Al programs are reasoning programs. And, to the extent that they reason well about a problem, all possess some expertise at problem solving. Expert system has a knowledge base containing accumulated experience and an inference or rules engine which is essentially a set of rules for applying the knowledge base to each particular situation that is described to the program. The system's capabilities can be made better with additions to the knowledge base or to the set of rules. In this project we are trying to make a voice-based spreadsheet analyzer which will be an expert system. This expert system will contain a knowledge base which will be used for query processing. It will take a spreadsheet as input then users will speak their queries, the queries will be converted into text and it will perform the necessary operation with the spreadsheet data, knowledge base and queries and will show the results accordingly.

Abstract: Structure and bonding in liquid crystals is highly rich and diverse field in the interface between modern physics and chemistry. Structure-property relationship has been a central issue for the study of liquid crystals. Most of the liquid crystals have a rod-like structure and contains one or more benzene rings in its core. The strong dipole-dipole interaction exhibits the crystalline phase and has higher thermal stability. To understand the liquid crystalline properties, the IR spectra and Raman activities of 4,4'-Disubstituted Biphenyl (HO(CH2)4OC6H4.C6H4CN) were calculated using DFT method. The vibration associated with peaks were discussed. The atomic charges with point dipole were also computed and discussed. The Humo-Lumo gap as representation of ionization potential, thus computed. Keywolds: Disubtituted Biphenyls, Liquid Crystals, Mesogen, IR Spectra, Raman Activities.

Abstract: Even though the enormous health and nutritional benefits that could be derived from the consumption of fruits, studies have shown that most adolescents and adults do not consume fruits as per the recommended daily intake. The present study aimed to know the consumption of fruits among nutrition students. The study participants were the students between 20 to 24 years of age pursued their post-graduation in Nutrition and Dietetics. The information regarding the preference, consumption pattern and daily intake of fruits among the nutrition students were collected using the questionnaire. The questionnaire was framed in Google form and the link was sent to the college students through whatsapp and around 140 students submitted the forms completely. The received responses were analyzed and found that 55% of the participants consumed fruits at least daily once, 26% took weekly twice, and 19% reported that they had fruits monthly once or twice only. Nearly 77% took more than 100gms of fruits per day, nine percent consumed around 100gms, 10% 50 -100gms and only four percent took less than 50gms. Banana (31%) was the at most preferred fruit next to pomegranate (27%). Majority of them (93%) were aware of antioxidant and minerals present in fruits. It was concluded that the consumption of fruits was found to be high among the selected nutrition students but they have to regulate their fruits consumption. Lower prices and availability of fruits improve and encourage those in low-socioeconomic group to eat more fruits.

Keywords: Fruits, Preference, Consumption, Frequency, Nutrition

Abstract: The study is concerned with knowing the extent to which the incubated and graduated projects are affected by the services of the project incubator, through which it seeks to promote entrepreneurship. The problem of the study is represented in the following: Weak awareness of pioneer's businesses and trustee bodies for services provided by project incubators. The study found to a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that project incubators mainly aim to promote the spirit of entrepreneurship and support small entrepreneurial projects to face the difficulties of the launch stage. The study also found a number of among the recommendations, the most important of which is to emphasize and develop the services provided by the project incubator, in order to promote and spread the spirit of leadership among those in charge of its affiliated projects.

Keywords: project incubators, entrepreneurship

Abstract: The Digital Signature is a technique which is used to validate the authenticity and integrity of the message. We know that there are four aspects of security: privacy, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. We have already discussed the first aspect of security and other three aspects can be achieved by using a digital signature. Keywords- Private key, public key, encryption, technique, digital Signature, Pretty Good Privacy

Abstract: When India's government enforces a full quarantine of the country in response to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 24, 2020, it had major unintended consequences for farmers and local supply networks. This was exacerbated by the fact that, as is typical of developing nations, India's economy is heavily focused on agriculture, with only minimal industrialization of its agricultural systems. COVID-19 is already proliferating in developing nations, posing a serious threat to mental livelihoods and the economy. The most significant and critical part of long-term development is food security. Agriculture is the main source of the economy and provides a living for a substantial portion of the population in developing nations. As a result, upheavals in food security and agriculture have far repercussions for these countries. Furthermore, the partial suspension of rural areas and procuring choices, along with a lack of product availability, resulted in a food crisis and sharply higher costs, which disproportionately impacted urban dwellers and the poor. Because of the importance of both sectors, this article examines the impact of COVID-19 on agricultural production and farming in depth. It recommends adaptive and mitigating strategies that can be used to keep livelihoods afloat. It examines the different repercussions of the COVID-19 shutdown for Indian farming systems, including the economy, as well as state and national government emergency actions.

Keywords: Covid 19, Indian economy, Developing nations, Agriculture, farming.

Abstract: Cloud computing provides computing services such as servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence over the Internet providing faster innovation, flexible resources. in agriculture an effective implementation of cloud computing is needed. Cloud Computing is emerging as important technology , as a commercial infrastructure that eliminates the need for maintaining expensive computing hardware, software, Information technology, staff, infrastructure, recourses and their maintenance. In the modern age of cloud technology, it is very useful to organize all agricultural data banks (related to land, climate, research, crops, farmers, agricultural trade, fertilizers, pesticide information, soil etc ) and machinery black. This paper also discusses cloud computing types, characteristics, cloud service types, cloud benefits, and cloud challenges in the agricultural sector.

Keywords: Cloud Computing in Agriculture, IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.