The Instability of Convection of Magma in the Chamber, Triggering Eruption in Volcanoes

Abstract: The Paper begins with a brief account of the Pacific Ring of Fire and the location of Volcanoes in the Earth. The Magma Chamber and introduction to convection of Magma in the chamber are given vividly in a self-styled manner. The Rayleigh number is arrived at by making use of an extensive theory based on Navier-Stoke's equation of Fluid Mechanics. Graphical study of various critical Rayleigh numbers for the corresponding wave numbers. The instability of convection and the magma turbulence in the chamber leading to magma fragmentation and ultimately eruption. The Rayleigh number for magma in the chamber has been worked out. The Paper ends with a Conclusion.

Keywords: Convection, Convective vigor, Critical Rayleigh number, Eruption, Fluid Mechanics, Instability of convection, Magma, Magma Chamber, Magma Fragmentation, Magma Turbulence, Magma Viscosity, Minimum Rayleigh number, Pacific Ring of Fire, Rayleigh-Benard Convection, Rayleigh number, Rayleigh number for Magma in the Chamber, Volcano, Volcano Explosive Index