VOLUME 6, ISSUE 9, SEPTEMBER 2019

Abstract: The Paper begins with a brief account of the Pacific Ring of Fire and the location of Volcanoes in the Earth. The Magma Chamber and introduction to convection of Magma in the chamber are given vividly in a self-styled manner. The Rayleigh number is arrived at by making use of an extensive theory based on Navier-Stoke's equation of Fluid Mechanics. Graphical study of various critical Rayleigh numbers for the corresponding wave numbers. The instability of convection and the magma turbulence in the chamber leading to magma fragmentation and ultimately eruption. The Rayleigh number for magma in the chamber has been worked out. The Paper ends with a Conclusion.

Keywords: Convection, Convective vigor, Critical Rayleigh number, Eruption, Fluid Mechanics, Instability of convection, Magma, Magma Chamber, Magma Fragmentation, Magma Turbulence, Magma Viscosity, Minimum Rayleigh number, Pacific Ring of Fire, Rayleigh-Benard Convection, Rayleigh number, Rayleigh number for Magma in the Chamber, Volcano, Volcano Explosive Index

Abstract: In this modern world of technology there are hundreds of programming languages that are being used in the IT industry for building website and software. It is not a standard practice to use raw programming codes, rather everyone prefers to use Framework which is nothing but a big collection of ready libraries, packages and modules for making the development quicker. For this reason, experts have developed different Frameworks based on different popular programming languages. Now, it becomes really a confusing and challenging matter for companies, developers and managers while they want to choose a framework for developing their software products. As there are variety of frameworks of different programming languages, the technology decision makers get confused while choosing a framework. Considering this as a big problem of the software industry our aim is to test, analyze, assess, and propose a set of guidelines for choosing a framework based on the requirement of a software product.

Keywords: Web Framework, Programming, Choice, Requirement, Development Technology

Abstract: In the present study of five different groundnut varieties such as Rajasthan Nagori RD 1:10(RRD1:10), G10 Gujarat(G10G), Shivpuri(Sv), Rajasthan Gugeri (Rg) and Tag(Tg) were grown under different geographical places in India. The proximate analysis, oil yield and physicochemical characteristics of collected groundnut seeds and their extracted oils were determined for their nutritional assay. It was found that the seeds contained in the range of extracted oil, moisture, crude protein, total ash, crude fat, crude fibre, carbohydrate and calories per 100gms were 40.85-44.55 % (±1.58), 1.14-2.16 % (± 0.45),30.12-34.38% (± 1.61),1.18-1.8 %(± 0.23), 32.8-34.2 % (± 0.71),2.24-3.18 % (± 0.42), 24.68-30.38% (± 0.58) and 536.68-549.32 (± 0.76) respectively. The specific gravity, viscosities, impurities and refractive index of the extracted groundnut seed oil and colour were in the range of 0.9150-0.9162 (± 0.00), 91.55-91.7(± 0.08), 0.025-0.045(± 0.01) ,1.4627-1.4634(± 0.00) and 1.4-2.0(± 0.39) respectively. AV (mg KOH/g oil), IV (g I2/100 g oil), SV (mg KOH/ g oil), unsaponifiable matter content (%) and ester value of the extracted oil from groundnut seeds were in the range of 1.33-3.11(±0.94), 86.7-95.12(±0.43),192.76-195.03(±3.98),0.48-0.62(±0.05)and189.3-192.87(±1.39) respectively. This study is empirical and on the basis of finding it is revealed that groundnut seed oil can be a valuable source of edible oil.

Keywords: Groundnut seeds, Extraction, Proximate, Physico-Chemical analysis

Abstract: Hard coatings and cutting fluids are healthy acknowledged to enhance the performance of cutting tools during the various machining operations, such as machining of MMC and high-speed machining etc. Inappropriately, the growth of cutting tool for high-speed machining of hard and materials which are quite difficult for cutting has continue problem for excellence and budget of production. The present work studies the performance of multilayer coated ceramic inserts or tools under the varying cutting conditions of EN-353 Steel. The present work studies the performance of multilayer coated ceramic and carbide inserts or tools under the varying cutting conditions of EN- 353 Steel. A comparison between the performance of all the coated inserts has been made using cutting parameters (speed, feed and doc) by using the Surface roughness A L9 orthogonal Array and ANOVA are applied to study the performance of machining parameters. Optimum parameters have been also found for improved Surface roughness during the machining of EN353.

Keywords: Multilayer coated, Ceramic Inserts Cutting conditions, Surface Roughness.

Abstract: Nitrogen is the key element among the major nutrients required in crop production and most of the Indian soils are deficient in this nutrient. To supplement nitrogen, along with other inorganic sources, extensive and continuous application of mineral fertilizers may cause imbalance in the soil micro flora in the long term and directly or indirectly influence the biological properties of soil. The Indo-Gangetic plains are located within the tropical and subtropical regions of India and are among the most agriculturally productive areas in the country. The average soil organic carbon content of the soils in the region is, however, low due to intensive cultivation along with prevailing high temperatures and humidity. Nitrogen is the major limiting plant nutrient in this region, with N availability being routinely supplemented through application of fertilizers. Soil organic N fractions were found to be affected markedly with nitrogen fertilization directly through changing the composition of soil N & indirectly through affecting crop growth.

Keywords: FYM, Fertilizer, Nitrogen Fraction, Crop Growth

Abstract: The use of small diameter whole culm (bars) and/or split bamboo (a.k.a. splints or round strips) has often been proposed as an alternative to relatively expensive reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete. The motivation for such replacement is typically cost-bamboo is readily available in many tropical and sub-tropical locations, whereas steel reinforcement is relatively more expensive-and more recently, the drive to find more sustainable alternatives in the construction industry. This review addresses such 'bamboo-reinforced concrete' and assesses its structural and environmental performance as an alternative to steel reinforced concrete. A prototype three bay portal frame, that would not be uncommon in regions of the world where bamboo-reinforced concrete may be considered, is used to illustrate bamboo reinforced concrete design and as a basis for a life cycle assessment of the same. The authors conclude that, bamboo is a material with extraordinary mechanical properties, its use in bamboo-reinforced concrete is an considered concept, having significant durability, strength and stiffness issues, and dmeet the environmentally friendly credentials often attributed to it.

Keywords: Bamboo, Reinforcement, Structure, Sustainable, New Technology

Abstract: Agriculture rely on various aspects most important is climate, if climate is potential growth for farmer, he does not get that much gain .When weather a base and rain come less farming abate directly .When farmer enhance more crops then brought to market and storage is not provided to keep his product for longer period so that this farmer force to sell his production in minimum price and face loss in farming product. In this paper we are conveying about the trouble in distribution network and storage of food product, and precession farming decision making. That gives real time analyzer report about climate, soil, and on-going market and storage strength and demand of market. We used big data analysis with Hadoop framework that is most commonly used for big data analysis it is quite accurate also speed in performance. And for reporting and judgment making we used PENTAHO BI that access us to produce interactive report and apex customize dashboard that help UI to easily understand and make resolution.

Keywords: Data Source, Data Analysis with Hadoop Framework, PENTAHO BI (Pentaho Business Intelligence)

Abstract: Fins are useful way to increase heat transfer with minimal increase in volume. There is evidence suggesting that even dinosaurs used fins for heat transfer. Fins transfer heat either through free or forced convection. As the extended surface technology continues to grow, new design ideas emerge, including fins made of anisotropic composites, porous media and perforated and interrupted plates. The requirements of lightweight fins and economical, so the optimization of fin size is very important in fins design. Therefore, fins must be designed to achieve maximum heat removal with minimum material expenditure, taking into account, however, the ease of manufacturing of the fin shape. Large number of studies has been conducted on optimizing fin shapes. Other studies have introduced shape modifications by cutting some material from fins to make cavities, holes, slots, grooves and channels through the fin body to increase the heat transfer area and the heat transfer coefficient. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of lateral perforation shapes on the thermal performance of fins in comparison with the regular solid fins. Finding the best perforation shape among different types of perforations on fins. Lower inter-fin spacing ratio and comparatively lower Reynolds numbers are suggested for higher thermal performance. The major role maintained by Nusselt number and friction factor for enhancement of heat transfer through perforatedfins.

Keywords: Heat Transfer, Perforated Fins, Nusselt Number, Friction Factor

Abstract: The computational investigation is carried out to study the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of a circular Multi jets impingement on concave surface. The computational technique simulates the impingement of jet in a gas turbine guide vane. In the present study the effect of different parameters like Jet Reynolds number (Red=800, 2000, 4000), inter-jet distance to jet diameter ratio(c/d) and target plate distance to jet diameter ratio (H/d=1,2,3) on flow field and heat transfer are analysed. The analysis is carried out by using ANSYS Fluent 14.5. The maximum pressure and maximum Nu numbers are 85.27 Pa and 54.35 and obtained at H/d=1, c/d=3 and Red=4000.

Keywords: Jet impingement, Turbine Guide vane Reynolds number, Nusselt number, Fluent

Abstract: Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it to the point of liquefaction. Sintering happens naturally in mineral deposits or as a manufacturing process used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials. Sintering happens naturally in mineral deposits or as a manufacturing process used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials. The atoms in the materials diffuse across the boundaries of the particles, fusing the particles together and creating one solid piece. Because the sintering temperature does not have to reach the melting point of the material, sintering is often chosen as the shaping process for materials with extremely high melting points such as tungsten and molybdenum. The study of sintering in metallurgy powder-related processes is known as powder metallurgy. An example of sintering can be observed when ice cubes in a glass of water adhere to each other, which is driven by the temperature difference between the water and the ice. Examples of pressure-driven sintering are the compacting of snowfall to a glacier, or the forming of a hard snowball by pressing loose snow together.

Keywords: Sintering, Aluminium, Silicone Carbide, Microwave Sintering

Abstract: This article reviews the problem of creep in cylinders made of Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs). Selected papers published in the English language including the phrase "creep analysis of composite cylinder" in the title, abstract, or key words were searched in science direct and Google scholar databases and reviewed. The literature provides evidence that in recent years the problem of creep in cylinders made of FGMs operating under high pressure and temperature has attracted the interest of many researchers. Creep behaviour of composites with tailored distribution of reinforcement is of importance in view of their applications at high temperature. It is observed that the rotating circular cylinders under internal pressure made of transversely isotropic material were on the safer side of the design as compared to rotating circular cylinders under internal pressure made of isotropic material.

Keywords: Creep analysis, Composite material, Composite cylinder, Functionally Graded Materials (FGM's)

Abstract: Reinforced concrete (RC) is an economical, versatile and successful construction materials as it can be moulded to a variety of shapes and finishes. In most cases, it is durable and strong, performing well throughout its services life. However, in some cases, it does not perform adequately due to various reasons, one of which is the corrosion of the embedded steel bars used as reinforcement. Concrete provides an almost ideal environment for protecting the embedded steel from corrosion due to the passive film surrounding the steel rebar. However, the breakdown of this passive film, either due to chloride attack or due to carbonation, results in the corrosion of rebar. Thus rebar corrosion is one of the main causes of damage and premature failures of the RC structures worldwide, causing enormous costs for inspection, maintenance, restoration and replacement. Therefore, early detection of corrosion and timely remedial action on the affected portion can facilitate an optimum utilization of the structure, imparting longevity to it.

Keywords: Corrosion, preventive measures, Rust, Reinforcement, causes, tolerances, chloride, chemical reaction, deterioration, bond, flaky, formworks, harmful, pressure etc

Abstract: Biodiversity is more important factor in the structural functioning of Ecosystems and the radiation hazards of cell phone tower has become the major challenges to the ecological services. Indeed the mobile phone technology is the matter of pride but the research reveals that it is a slow poison causing brain cancer and heart disorderness. The animals and people living nearer to the mobile towers shows the elevated rate of disease. The surprising reports due the Radiation Hazards of Cell Phone Towers are that the number of sparrows across the country has been falling down drastically and there is the sudden disappearance of squirrels from the forms due the emission of stronger Electro Magnetic Radiation. Aberdeen Bazar is the most populated area of UT Administration , in which, there are three tall towers one is at Babu line , the other is at Supply line and the third one is installed beside Police - Mosque have claimed untimely death of 10 persons in these areas. The area of concern is the base station and their antennas, which provides the link to and from cell phones. This is because , in contrast to the hand sets , its radio frequencies are emitted continuously and is more powerful to the closer areas of the tower. The safety standard of measurements of exposures are 6 minutes per day and Electro Magnetic Field of 4500mw/m2. People who lives closure to cell tower by 24X7 are experiencing these exposure leads to 'Possibly carcinogenic to human' and may cause brain cancer. The people living closer to the cell phone tower have requested to shift the tower, shifting the tower is not the solution to the problem ,invariably that will end up the cell phone connectivity in certain areas. Instead of removing the towers and passing the problem to other peoples and to over come this radiation hazard problems, it is recommended that the amplification of power in the cell tower is to be reduced , by reducing the gain of the antenna , by reducing the coverage area, by using more repeaters , by increasing the height of the tower and through innovative technology such as coupling an active radiation shielding technology, like radiation protection architecture utilization of high temperature superconducting magnets etc.,

Keywords: Biodiversity, Ecosystems, Electro Magnetic Radiation, High Temperature Superconductors, etc