Removal of Heavy Metals from Integrated Industrial Wastewater (IIWW) using Canna Lilly (Canna indica L.): A Hydroponic System for Phytoremediation Potential

Abstract: Delhi is a key center for industry, trade, and production as the country's capital. Due to heavy metals pollution's longevity, scientists are becoming interested in phytoremediation; a low-cost, ecologically friendly plant- based remediation approach. This study aims to see how effective plant species canna lilly (C. indica) grown in a hydroponic system using different concentrations for removing heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) from integrated industrial wastewater (IIWW). The test plants were placed in five different troughs containing 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% of IIWW, and a control trough (tap water) and conducted study for 25 days. The results suggest that C. indica has the maximum heavy metal reduction efficiency at 80% from IIWW. Besides this, the Bioconcentration factor (BAF) and translocation factor results were also recorded at 80% of IIWW concentrations. The plant attributes in terms of root and shoot plant length and fresh weight and dry weight (root and shoots) of C. indica was significantly (P<0.001) recorded after the phytoremediation experiment. This study may be encouraging to employ CW-based treatment as a decentralized water treatment in periurban and rural areas, to relieve stress on natural water bodies.

Keywords: C. indica, hydroponic system, integrated industrial wastewater (IIWW), Phytoremediation