VOLUME 3, ISSUE 12, DECEMBER 2016

Abstract: In the absence of the experimentally measured bubble-point pressure, it is necessary for the engineer to make an estimate of this crude oil property from the readily available measured producing parameters. Several authors have proposed graphical and mathematical correlations for determining the bubble point pressure. They presented their correlations based on the assumption that the bubble-point pressure is a strong function of solution gas-oil ratio, gas gravity, oil gravity, and temperature. This paper presents a comparison study among 23 different correlations used to calculate the bubble point pressure for 441 sample of Middle East crude oil. A new correlation was developed for calculating the bubble point with correlation coefficient of 0.98.

Keywords: Bubble point pressure, Gas specific gravity, Solution GOR, Reservoir temperature, API.

Abstract: In this project flexural fatigue behaviour Polyurethane core sandwiched in glass/ epoxy composite laminate structures is studied. The effect of face sheet thickness and core thickness on the flexural fatigue is studied by testing the sandwich structures in computer controlled universal fatigue testing machine. The effect of core thickness and facesheet thickness on flexural strength of sandwich structures is also studied. From the experimental results of fatigue testing, it is observed that, Polyurethane core sandwiched in glass/ epoxy composite laminate structures have more than 2500000 cycles of fatigue life at 80 % of loading. The result of ANOVA on flexural strength reveals that, face sheet thickness is most significant parameter.

Keywords: E-glass fiber, epoxy resin, Sandwich structures, ANOVA, Fatigue life.

Abstract: Ferrites are technologically useful materials due to their unique electric and dielectric properties. The co-substitution of metal ions in nickel ferrites are one of the most attractive classes of materials for researchers and scientist. NiAl2xCrxFe2-3xO4 (0.0 ? x ? 0.2) spinel ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method. The DC electrical resistivity of prepared nanoparticles was studied using two probe methods as a function of temperature. The dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant (?'), dielectric loss (??) and loss tangent (tan d) were measured at room temperature in the frequency range 50 Hz to 5 MHz. All the dielectrical parameters show compositional as a function of frequency dependences. At lower frequencies, it is observed that the dielectric constant (?'), dielectric loss (?'') and loss tangent (tan d) are high.

Keywords: Activation energy; nanoparticles; Dielectric properties.

Abstract: This paper presents the simulation of stresses distribution and crack initiation of gas pipelines surface. The materials are used from low carbon steel with artificial defects under external load. A finite element analysis (FEA) is used to investigate the highest Von Mises stress and fatigue life shows that crack initiation occurs on the pipeline surface. The parameter is used as the difference loads from 60 kN to 120 kN have been used to investigate the maximum stresses. In this research the maximum stresses occurred at corner gauge of joint of two pipelines. The stress distribution analysis from the model developed was successfully simulated and the critical and potential area for fatigue life of crack initiation, this performance result is compared with previous researcher.

Keywords: Stress Distribution, Crack Initiation, Gas Pipeline, Linear Elastic, Mechanical Properties, Loading, FEA, and Fatigue Life.

Abstract: Water production from oil wells is a common event which augment the cost of producing processes and may decrease the efficiency of the recovery of reserves. We will deal with the reason of this production of water, namely, coning. Several approaches have been exhibited to overcome this problem, whatever before or after the taking place of water coning. The critical rate (the maximum production rate without producing water) is the widely method used to overcome this problem before it occurring. The objective of this research is to present a method to calculate critical rate, breakthrough time, and WOR (water oil ratio) after breakthrough in horizontal well. A 3-D numerical simulator model was used to perform a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of water coning process. From this analysis, an empirical coning correlation was developed based on regression analysis. The format of the correlation is similar to Addington's gas-coning and Yang's water coning correlations. The correlations developed in this paper provides a hand calculation fashion of coning prediction for horizontal wells. The correlation was tested and found to be reliable and accurate in predicting critical rate, breakthrough time and WOR, inside the correlation parameter range.

Keywords: Water coning; Critical rate; horizontal well; Water production.

Abstract: Alternate fuels are promising substitute for current exhaustive uses of petrol and diesel. Biodiesel is derived from renewable resources that can be produced by a simple chemical process using edible, non-edible, waste vegetable oils and animal fats. Jatropha has cetane number near to diesel hence selected as blend in diesel. From research 20% blend of biodiesel was selected as optimum blend. Hence in this research we used Jatropha blends 10%, 25% and 30%. Experiments performed on 240PE Research engine Kirloskar Make 3.5 kW rated power. Ethanol acts as NOx (Oxides of nitrogen) reducing medium so used blend of ethanol in diesel of 5% concentration as higher blends are not stable at room temperature (phase separation problem). Jatropha blends and ethanol blends have shown increase in Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC). Jatropha 25% blend (J25) and Ethanol 5% blend (E5) shown nearby performance values of mineral diesel hence selected as optimum blends. Jatropha blends increased NOx emissions sufficiently by 40% (J25 blend) and ethanol blends reduced NOx emissions by 24% (E5 blend). From optimum blend, a research blend is created using both Jatropha and Ethanol JDE (J25E5D70) and tested for performance and emissions.

Keywords: Jatropha, Ethanol, Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC).

Abstract: Smart city development primarily pertains to the contributions from parameters associated with Information and Communication Technology (ICT). ICT which is indicator of smart governance is generally considered to be the major parameter for building a smart city. This paper is an attempt to explore and provide justification for other smart parameters which are also equally important in comparison to ICT in Indian context. This study describes critically the identified parameters of smart city by carrying out opinion survey with professionals. Reponses of opinion survey was analyzed on Likert scale to generate frequency index values. This index values generated were verified by Cronbach's alpha to provide new index values justifying importance of other parameters in comparison to ICT. It has been observed that "smart infrastructure", "smart mobility", "smart governance", "smart environment & smart living", "smart economy" and "sector ranking" are some major parameters that can be considered as equal or even more significant to that of parameters related to ICT for development of smart city. The computed values of Smart Impact Index (SII-KMO) and SII-EV for Ahmedabad are 0.588 and 0.765 respectively. As both these values are greater than 0.5 they are adequately significant. Thus the parameters considered for this study have adequately high impact for development of a smart city like Ahmedabad and should be treated carefully along with other factors associated with ICT.

Keywords: Smart city, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Smart Impact Index, Frequency index.

Abstract: Misalignment and unbalance is the most cause of machine vibration. A misalignment and unbalanced rotor always cause more vibration and generates excessive force in the bearing area and reduces the life of the machine. Understanding and practicing the fundamentals of rotating shaft parameters is the first step in reducing unnecessary vibration, reducing maintenance costs and increasing machine uptime. The experimental results simulate with Finite Element Analysis. We have selected the ANSYS16.0 software for the analysis of Rotor system. For the fault diagnosis of the rotor system, we have done the Harmonic analysis of the rotor system. While doing the analysis to match the conditions with the experiment we first select the node at Vertical most position at Bearing as Ch 1 and the horizontal most node as Ch. 2 for the results.

Keywords: Unbalance, Misalignment, Rotor system, Harmonic Analysis etc.

Abstract: Adleman proved that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands could be used towards calculating solutions to an instance of the Hamiltonian path problem (HPP). Lipton the next NP problem with this technique. In this paper, we use this model for developing a new DNA algorithm to solve minimum cut cover problem (MCCP). In spite of the NP-hardness of minimum Cut Cover problem (MCCP) our DNA procedures is done in a polynomial time.

Keywords: DNA computing, minimum Cut Cover problem.

Abstract: Adleman showed that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands could be employed towards calculating solutions to an instance of the Hamiltonian path problem (HPP) [3]. Lipton [5] could solve the Satisfiability problem. In this paper, we use that model for developing a new DNA algorithm to solve minimum independent dominating set problem (MIDSP). In spite of the NP-hardness of minimum independent dominating set problem (MIDSP) our DNA procedures is done in a polynomial time.

Keywords: DNA computing, minimum independent dominating set problem.

Abstract: Nowadays because of increase in crime activities, higher demand and greater awareness on security problems lead to the study of more secure, high performance, reliable and flexible systems. To reduce such crime activities processing of videos involved in such activities will be necessary. It aims at the surveillance video of payee's abnormal behaviour based on the video denoising algorithm. In this work, we will be able to distinguish the normal and abnormal activities like money snatching, harm to the person by virtue of fight, or attack on the person. The proposed system will detect the unusual event which occurs in the security centre. By developing a system that will give an alarm when something abnormal is occurring it could eliminate the need for extra people to monitor surveillance feeds. It has growing demand for applications to support monitoring indoor and outdoor environments such as ATM center, shopping malls etc. The significant efforts in the field of tracking and moving object detection will have been done to make the security applications robust, reliable and efficient.

Keywords: Surveillance video, Denoising algorithm, unusual event detection, Moving object detection.

Abstract: Microstrip patch antenna (MPA) was designed in Advance Design System (ADS) Momentum Microwave. The resonant frequency of which is 3.5 GHz. FR4 substrate (?r=4.4) is used for this microstrip patch antenna design. The transmission line perfectly was matched perfectly to the impedance of the rectangular patch. The design is simulated in ADS simulator. S11 was -2.71dB, S11mag=-39.86dB where as S21was 6dB. The antenna was simulated and results are obtained for various parameters.

Keywords: Microstrip line Patch antenna, FR4 and Return Loss.

Abstract: Dynamic nature of ground water system in coastal area is evidenced in many studies. In agriculture this dynamism also cause absolute scarcity where expected irrigation water requirement could not be met from available ground water. Major indicators of groundwater scarcity are irrigation investment and irrigation costs which are economically analysed in this study in the two selected non-saline coastal blocks viz-Vanurand Marakkanam of Villupuram district in Tamil Nadu, the semi critical (SC) and over- exploited (OE) blocks of ground water use respectively. The OE block exhibited high investment in irrigation compared to SC block due to additional investments in bore well installation. The irrigation cost share in input costs was more in OE block than SC block and hence low economic returns in 'OE' block. The regression analysis of Resource Use Efficiency of irrigation ground water estimation also proved that the irrigation input had negative influence on gross income in OE block.

Keywords: semi critical (SC), over- exploited (OE), ground water system, coastal area.

Abstract: A wing is a type of fin with a surface that produces aerodynamic force for flight or propulsion through the atmosphere, or through another gaseous or liquid fluid. As such, wings have an airfoil shape, a streamlined cross-sectional shape producing lift. A wing's aerodynamic quality is expressed as its lift-to-drag ratio. The lift a wing generates at a given speed and angle of attack can be one to two orders of magnitude greater than the total drag on the wing. A high lift-to-drag ratio requires a significantly smaller thrust to propel the wings through the air at sufficient lift. The requirements for the aircraft wing are High stiffness, High strength, High toughness and Low weight. In this thesis, an aircraft wing will be designed and modeled in 3D modeling software Pro/Engineer. The materials used for aircraft wings are mostly metallic alloys. In this thesis, the materials are replaced by composite materials Fiber Glass, Boron Fiber and Ceramic Fiber. Static analysis and buckling analysis on the wing will be done to determine the stresses produced by applying loads. Vibration analysis will be done on the aircraft wing to determine the frequencies. CFD analysis will be done on the wing to determine the lift and drag forces by changing angle of attacks. Analysis will be done in Ansys.

Keywords: Glass fiber, Epoxy resin, Flyash, Hand lay-up method, FFT analyzer.

Abstract: In present day scenario, one cannot imagine any structure without cement concrete. It is being extensively used for construction ranging from small scale to large scale as a key ingredient for fulfilling the aspect of strength and serviceability. But, due to the large scale production of cement, around 3% of air pollution in the world is solely because of its production and this material plays a key role in the cost of the construction which is a raising concerns. So, there is an on-going research to find a suitable alternative or partial replacement to cement so that the cost problem is addressed and pollution is controlled to the maximum extent. This paper deals with the effect of major concrete strength determining parameters like compressive, tensile and flexural strength when compared with conventional concrete mix of M30 when combinedly replaced the cement with admixtures Sugar Cane bagasse ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag & WasteWoodAsh in increasing proportions equally (0%,30% (10+10+10), 36%, 42%,48%54%) in weight. And of all the results obtained the mix with 30% combined replacement showed better results because of better formation of CSH gel by which It can ensure better alternative replacement for the cement in concrete for infrastructure needs and minimising the environmental pollution.

Keywords: Sugar Cane bagasse ash (SCBA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace, Slag (GGBS), Waste Wood Ash (WWA), concrete.

Abstract: This Paper has been present various changes happen in to Data Governance due change in various new Data type, Data source and regulation changes. This will be describing holistic view of Data governance for future data system. Also it has related the same governance process with Diamond industry to emphasis on value of governance.

Keywords: Data , Data Governance, MasterCraft DataPlus, Enterprise Data Management

Abstract: The advanced structural materials are designed and manufactured in the purview of enhanced properties like high strength to low weight ratio, vibration and its damping characteristics etc. One of the important purposes of vibration study is to reduce vibration through proper design of machine components or structural materials. In this context, the present study is focused on the hybrid composite laminates with the Epoxy as polymer matrix and Glass fibers/Kevlar fibers as reinforcements, which is finding applications widely for its high strength to low weight ratio. Present work is intended to study the tensile behaviour, impact strength, flexural strength, the inter-laminar shear strength, vibration and damping characteristics of the hybrid composites laminates along with mechanical properties. It is observed that, impact strength is higher in hybrid composite of one on one kevlar/glass reinforced laminate. The flexural and the interlaminar shear strength are higher in the two on two kevlar/glass reinforced hybrid laminate. The tensile strength of the hybrid composite with one on one kevlar/glass reinforcement is higher than others. In the vibration study, one on one kevlar/glass reinforced hybrid laminate has higher damping properties than the others.

Keywords: Stacking Sequence, Glass fibers, Kevlar fibers, glass reinforced laminate.

Abstract: In any mechanical and structural systems, the materials used and its properties plays a major role in their behavior to the mechanical and dynamic loadings. The advanced structural materials are designed and manufactured in the purview of enhanced properties like high strength to low weight ratio, vibration and its damping characteristics etc. One of the important purposes of vibration study is to reduce vibration through proper design of machine components or structural materials. In this context, the present study is focused on the hybrid composite laminates with the Epoxy as polymer matrix and Glass fibers/Kevlar fibers as reinforcements, which is finding applications widely for its high strength to low weight ratio. Present work is intended to study the vibration and damping characteristics of the hybrid composites laminates along with mechanical properties. The work is also intended to study the tensile behaviour, impact strength, flexural strength and the inter-laminar shear strength of the hybrid and non hybrid Glass fiber and Kevlar fiber reinforced epoxy polymer composites. It is observed that, impact strength is higher in hybrid composite of one-on-one kevlar/glass reinforced laminate. The flexural and the interlaminar shear strength are higher in the non hybrid glass fiber reinforced laminate. The tensile strength of the hybrid composite with one-on-one kevlar glass reinforcement is higher than others. In the vibration study, the non hybrid Kevlar reinforced laminate has higher damping properties than the non hybrid glass fiber reinforced composite. The glass fiber reinforced laminate has lowest damping property due to its brittle nature.

Keywords: Kevlar/ Glass-epoxy PVA (Poly Vinyl Alchohol), Hybrid composite, Vibration-damping, Cantilever beam test.

Abstract: The rising prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among healthcare professionals and practitioners is alarming. Patient handling is the most prevalent cause of these cases. Despite new technologies being available to nursing personnel, such as patient lifting devices, manual handling of patients are still required for certain tasks such as applying a sling onto immobile patients. Also, there is a lack of proper handling techniques when doing such tasks. Traditional ergonomic risk assessment approaches in these environment present challenges, such as lack of resources, limited access to the population sample, and time constraints. This project aims to use the JackTM digital human modeling software to model and assess ergonomic risks of a single caretaker transferring immobile patients onto a sling. Effects of different bed heights and handling methods (pushing and pulling) are explored to assess the spinal compression forces on the L5/S1 (lumbosacral joint). Results showed that higher bed height could have lower impact the joint, and that pushing the patient instead of pulling is preferred.

Keywords: Digital human modelling, patient transfer, JackTM, Task Analysis.

Abstract: In this study, triglyceride oil-styrene copolymerization was carried out with nitroxide mediated radical polymerization (NMRP) technique in miniemulsion medium. For this purpose, firstly, 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanopentanoyl chloride (ACPC) was synthesized from 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanopentanoic acid (ACPA). Macroazoinitiator which comprises thermally labile azo groups was obtained with reaction of partial glycerides (PGs) and ACPC. Then, oil-based macroazoinitiator and styrene mixture was subjected to styrenation in the presence of nitroxide radical 2,2',6,6'-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy (TEMPO) in order to obtain styrenated oil product with low polydispersity index (PDI) in miniemulsion medium. Miniemulsion mixture was prepared by ultrasonication process by using DOWFAX 8390 and hexadecane (HD) as surfactant and costabilizer, respectively. Miniemulsion polymerization was carried out at different surfactant concentrations in order to determine the ideal surfactant concentration. For this purpose, droplet/particle sizes were measured throughout the reaction and the surfactant amount for the least change in droplet/particle size was determined. Products obtained by ideal process were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and GPC measurements. Styrenation process was also performed by solution polymerization in xylene for the purpose of comparison with the miniemulsion medium. It was understood that, styrenation process carried out successfully with NMRP adapted miniemulsion polymerization because colloidal stability could be achieved.Film properties of styrenated oil samples were determined to related standards. The obtained styrenated oil samples showed good film properties and could be used as a coating material.

Keywords: Miniemulsion, NMRP, linseed oil, binder, styrenated oil.

Abstract: LTE (Long Term Evolution) or the E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network), introduced in 3GPP R8, is the access part of the Evolved Packet System (EPS). The main requirements for the new access network are high spectral efficiency, high peak data rates, short round trip time as well as flexibility in frequency and bandwidth. The new access solution, LTE, is based on OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) and in combination with higher order modulation (up to 64QAM). OFDM is a multicarrier technology subdividing the available bandwidth into a multitude of mutual orthogonal narrowband subcarriers. In OFDMA these subcarriers can be shared between multiple users. The OFDMA solution leads to high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) requiring expensive power amplifiers with high requirements on linearity, increasing the power consumption for the sender. This is a main problem in OFDMA Hence a different solution was selected for the UL i.e. SC-FDMA. SC-FDMA solution generates a signal with a low PAPR and avoiding packet loss by using interleaving. The main objective of this paper is to design uplink and downlink transceivers with low PAPR and higher capacity to transmit the data over a long distance. Analytic filtering is used here to overcome the value of PAPR. All the programming is done in the MATLAB.

Keywords: 3GPP, LTE, Interleaving SC-FDMA, PAPR.

Abstract: Database has become a very important part in today's world. Database is a system for storing and taking care of data. It can store large data items from various areas and therefore sometimes become difficult to find right information. Thus, Data mining is used to retrieve and view necessary information with less effort. Sometimes, distributed databases are shared among various servers where insecurity occurs due to data leakage. The main reason behind this is trusted third party and to avoid this, we have to propose a protocol which will securely perform its work without involvement of any other party. Our protocol also depends on Fast Distributed Mining (FDM) algorithm.

Keywords: distributed databases, association rules, item-sets, FDM.

Abstract: This paper deals with simulation of transient heat transfer analysis of the solar powered injera baking system in which the heat transfer oil is heated using solar energy by parabolic trough and the oil circulates through the space below the baking -pan in the kitchen. This has been done by putting a glazed baking pan at the top of the storage tank which is in direct contact with the hot oil. The time history of heat up temperature of baking oven surface was simulated by Matlab Software for an algorithm has been developed using explicit finite difference approach. The simulation was done by varying the pan thickness for 10mm, 8mm and 5mm as well as the temperature of the hot oil in contact with the pan. The results had shown that for 10mm pan thickness, acceptable heats up times were recorded for the hot oil temperature values of 290 oC and 300 oC. Furthermore, at 8mm pan thickness the need for hot oil temperature was lowered to values ranging from 270oC to 300oC. But comparatively fast heats up times were recorded for a pan thickness of 5mm and hot oil temperature ranges from 255oC to the maximum value of 300oC.

Keywords: Baking pan, Storage tank, Simulation, Finite Difference method.

Abstract: The objective of this work is to develop a new material model to simulate the fracture behavior of structural plate with hole. Plates are subjected to different types of loading like tension, compression, bending or any combination of these. These different types of loading situation may initiate and propagate a crack. The issue of crack detection and fracture has gained wide spread industrial interest. Crack or damage affects the industrial economic growth. Generally crack in a structural element may occur due environmental defects and during manufacturing of the plates. A finite element based two dimensional crack propagation simulator software ANSYS is used for the analysis. Finite element analysis was employed to simulate the fracture behavior of the plate with inclined crack. The stress intensity factor is an important parameter for estimating the residual life in cracked structures. To determine the mixed-mode stress intensity factors quarter-point (Q-P) singular finite elements are employed. Crack growth depends on the initial crack length, material properties and dimensions, loading conditions etc. So Load versus crack length increase and load versus potential energy are calibrated.

Keywords: stress intensity factor, mixed-mode, quarter-point and singular elements.

Abstract: The popularity of biometrics and its widespread use introduces privacy risks. To mitigate these risks, solutions such as the helper-data system, Pair-Polar Minutiae Structures, fuzzy vault, fuzzy extractors, and cancelable biometrics were introduced, also known as the field of template protection. Fuzzy vault is a practical and promising scheme, which can protect biometric templates and perform secure key management simultaneously. Alignment of the template biometric sample and the query one in the encrypted domain remains a challenging task. In this thesis, we propose an alignment-free cryptosystem based on Pair-Polar Minutiae Structures with multiple fuzzy vaults and minutia local structures. In proposed method, in registration phase, multiple vaults construct for one fingerprint or iris and in verification phase, if at least one of the vaults with respect to its minutiae local structures decoded successfully by the query fingerprint or iris, the secret will be recovered. Experiments on FVC2002-DB2a and FVC2002-DB1a are conducted to show the promising performance of the proposed fingerprint or iris cryptosystem.

Keywords: fuzzy vault, local minutiae structure, alignment-free, pair-polar minutiae structure

Abstract: The paper discusses the design of a smart solder gun whichwill be an improved and modified versionof the existing soldering iron [1]. Here, the reel of lead is mounted on one end of the gunusing a shaft. This shaft is removable. The tip is placed on the other end of the gun.The solder material is fed into the gun using an L shaped motor. The motor is used toimplement a roller mechanism using which lead is transmitted from one end of thegun till the tip. The heating element is electrically heated and is kept in direct contactwith the tip. The solder lead is fed to the heating element through a heat resistivetubing to avoid the melting of solder before it touches the tip. The heat resistivetubing is made of materials having very high melting point. The solder reaches thetip only when the switch is pressed. As long as the switch is pressed, the lead isdriven by continuous rotation of the motor. The rotation of motor is programmed ina microcontroller. The components are placed and arranged inside the body of a hotglue gun.

Keywords: Embedded system, soldering, DC motor, Microcontroller.

Abstract: Turbochargers are used throughout the automotive industry as they can enhance the output of an internal combustion (IC) engine without the need to increase its cylinder capacity. The application of such a mechanical device enables automotive manufacturers to adopt smaller displacement engines, commonly known as "engine downsizing". Historically, turbochargers were often used to increase the potential of an already powerful IC engine. The emphasis today is to provide a feasible engineering solution to manufacturing economics and "greener" road vehicles. It is because of these reasons that turbochargers are now becoming more and more popular in automobile applications. The aim of this work is to provide a review on the techniques used in turbocharging to increase the engine output and reduce the exhaust emission levels.

Keywords: Turbo-charger, Emission, IC Engine, Automotive Industry.

Abstract: E-Voting means voting over the internet, unlike the traditional voting it doesn't require punch card or other means like paper ballot, or sometimes persons going to stations and it makes the whole process easier and less expensive for voters, it is used to help businesses and organizations to evaluate their policies and to help voters to express their opinion.This project enables voters to access the web application and have their own privet voting or general voting according to the privilege that they got from the main administrator, accessing this web application through web browser, instance result can return with every type of voting(Privet, General) in six ways depending on the six question of each type.Oracle data base 10G system was used to build this web application, forms and reports also provided by oracle developer 10G are used to build the pages of the web application.

Keywords: E-Voting, Poll System, Electronic voting, E-voting, Web Application.

Abstract: An exact representation of dispersion relation for one dimensional periodic system composed of dielectric layers with a defect is derived by means of transfer matrix, in order to calculate the group velocity of the defect modes in the photonic band gap. It is found that slow group velocities can be tuned by modifying size of the defect layer,as moving towards the band edge the frequency values get lower shifts.Effect of the different defect dielectric constants on the group velocity is also presented.

Keywords: photonic crystal, defect mode, dispersion relation, group velocity, slow light.

Abstract: In this paper develop a unique maximum connected load-balancing cover tree (MCLCT) rule to realize full coverage further as BS-connectivity of every sensing node by dynamically forming load-balanced routing cover trees. A wireless sensor network is network form of sense compute, and communication elements which helps to observe, events in a specified environment. Sensor nodes in wireless sensor network are depends on battery power they have limited transmission range that's why energy efficiency plays a vital role to minimize the overhead through which the Network Lifetime can be achieved.

Keywords: Wireless sensor networks, coverage/connectivity preservation, scheduling, lifetime maximization.

Abstract: Information security, Steganography is a vast field of computer science that develops numerous intelligent systems for secret communication. Image steganography is the most popular dimension due to its frequency on the internet in this field. The goal of this research work is to provide high level of security, maximum embedding capacity, efficiency and reliability for secret communication using image processing and steganographic techniques. Same work has been done before through cryptographic techniques but with time steganography emerges as a more secure and power full technique, where as cryptography lacks in many ways. Now in modern era, steganography has come up with all the deficiencies of cryptography. In this research work, preprocessing, enhancement is applied on image. After that audio file is taken as secret information and on that sound file Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) will be applied for compressing audio message .for Enhancing the security Advance encryption standard (AES) is used for the encryption of audio file and this encryption technique is more securing then other encryption techniques. Finally using Least Significant Bit (LSB) secret msg will be embedded in that image. The purpose of this work is to provide an intelligent system for secure communication within different security agencies as well as for institutes and to reduce the statistical attacks.

Keywords: Audio steganography, DWT, PSNR, LSB, Data Hiding, Digital data security.

Abstract: In this paper development of porous ash primarily based geopolymer with low thermal conductivity. Porous ash-based geopolymer material was created exploitation ash and metal water glass as original material and H2O2 as foaming agent. The development of sustainable construction and construction materials with reduced environmental footprint in each producing and operational phases of the fabric lifecycle is attracting increased interest within the housing and industry worldwide. Within the future the area of development of fiber reinforced cement free fly ash primarily based geopolymer concrete will be using by treated natural fibre and synthetic fiber.

Keywords: Geopolymer, Fiber Reinforced Concrete.

Abstract: 58SiO2-(38-x) CaO-(x+4) P2O5 dried gels (x=0, 5, 10 and 15mol%) dried gel samples were synthesized at drying temperature 130°C by conventional sol-gel method. For synthesis used precursors are Tetraethyl ortho-silicate (TEOS), Tri ethyle phosphate (TEP), Calcium nitrate tetra hydrate for SiO2, CaO and P2O5 compositions. Structural properties were studied for synthesized dried gels using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopic analysis and Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FESEM) with Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX) analysis. XRD pattern indicated that all dried gel samples have amorphous nature. FTIR spectroscopic analysis show that more P2O5 content leads to increasing degree of polymerization. Raman spectroscopic analysis indicates that increasing P2O5 content decreases the intensity of orthophosphate structures i.e., increasing P2O5 decreases orthophosphate structural units. Using FESEM average pore sizes of synthesized dried gels are calculated as 143.51, 149.54, 173.25, 182.81 micrometers for corresponding P2O5 mol% of 4, 9, 14 and 19 respectively. From all these observations increasing P2O5 decreases number of orthophosphate units and increases degree polymerization, it leads to increasing pore size on dried gel surface.

Keywords: Sol-gel; P2O5 composition; Calcium oxide; Pore size.

Abstract: Algebraic cryptanalysis is a potentially powerful attack on symmetric key block ciphers. This paper presents Algebraic cryptanalysis on Rijndael AES,based on its rich algebraic structure.The paper beginsby defining the mathematical model of AES then constructing a system of mostly nonlinear polynomial equations representing S-Box. Then applying a powerful algebraic tool; Gröbner basis; to overcome the nonlinearity features of S-Box. Finally, it shows that howapplying Gröbnerbasis of AES constructs a spare matrix which makes the system easy to be solved. Moreover, we have proved the "Resistance of Algebraic Attack" RAA value (G) has been reduced.

Keywords: Algebraic cryptanalysis, multivariate quadratic polynomial equation system, S-box, Gröbner bases, Rijndael AES, RAA.

Abstract: Nowadays, e-commerce changes the marketing field. It is considered as an effective means to run business over the internet in order to reach more customers as well as satisfy their needs through offering high quality products and services. This paper presents the common quality issues in e-commerce, implementation of TQM in e-commerce and challenges.

Keywords: E-commerce, Total Quality Management, Quality issues,Implementation, Deming Cycle, Six Sigma, Challenges.

Abstract: Full adders are necessary parts in applications corresponding to digital signal processors (DSP) architectures and microprocessors. Additionally to its main task, that is adding 2 numbers, it participates in several different helpful operations appreciate subtraction, multiplication, division, address calculation, etc. In most of those systems the adder lies in the critical path that determines the general speed of the system. Therefore enhancing the performance of the 1-bit full adder cell (the building block of the adder) could be a significant goal. Demands for the low power VLSI approaching the expansion of insistent design process to control use severely. To accomplish the rising demand, we advise a new low power adder by give up the MOS transistor calculate that reduce the grave threshold defeat so anew enhanced 14T CMOS l-bit full adder cell is specified in this paper. Results show five hundredth improvement in threshold loss drawback, 45% improvement in speed and considerable power consumption over the given adder and other different types of adders with comparable presentation.

Keywords: Arithmetic circuit, full adder, multiplier, low power, very Large-scale integration (VLSI).

Abstract: Internet is the media due to which it is possible to transfer data from one place to another place with very high speed. But it is very risky to transfer data over internet. Hence to maintain privacy and to prevent an unauthorized person from extracting information steganography technique is used. Steganography is the science of hiding secret information. The secret information is in the form of text, image, audio and video. This secret information can be hidden in the text, image, audio and video. Hiding secret information in video file is called as video steganography. In this paper, review on various video steganography techniques is presented.

Keywords: Video steganography, Data Hiding, Encryption, PSNR

Abstract: IBE (Identity-Based Encryption) simplifies the public key and certificates management at public key infrastructure is an important alternative public key encryption. One of the main efficiency drawbacks of IBE. is the overhead computation at private key generator during user abolishment? We introduce outsourcing computation into IBE for the first time and propose a revocable identity based Encryption. In the server-aided setting. our scheme offloads most of the key generation related operations during key-issuing and key update process to an on a key update cloud service provider. leaving only a constants number of simple operations for private key generator. This goal achieved by utilizing a novel collusion-resistant technique. We exercise a hybrid private key for each user. In cloud computing systems, there are two main research problems which we studied recently such as efficient IBE revocation and security enhancement in IBE method. By considering both research problems, in this project we proposed hybrid approach to deliver both efficient revocation and enhanced security. This hybrid approach is combination of two well know security techniques such as IBE and ABE. The ABE method is combined with IBE to achieve the strong security against different threats. Along with user identity, his/her attributes like country or kind of subscription he/she has are used for further process of IBE encryption, decryption and revocation. Another problem of efficient identity revocation is further addressed by presenting the outsourcing computation into hybrid IBE (H-IBE) method at server aided settings. In H-IBE, the key generation processing's handled during the process of key issuing and key update to the KU-CSP (key update cloud service provider) by leaving fixed number of easy processing's for PKG as well as users to perform locally. The new collusion resistant approach is proposed in this project to achieve the efficient revocation. The practical work is performed by creating different number of cloud users for file upload and downloads processing using proposed C-IBE method.

Keywords: ABE, C-IBE, KU-CSP, PKG.