VOLUME 4, ISSUE 5, MAY 2017

Abstract: Many objects around us are placed on a network via wireless sensor network (WSN). This type of network is considered new technology and it begins to grow and raised in order to allow data to be stored, processed and accessed in an efficient way. It is used for observing, checking, or keeping a continuous recording of a process or quantity of ecological circumstances such as heat range, audio, pressure and wetness to hand in glove successfully go their data over the network to specific location . The difficulty in WSN network is that the network access is not secure or not safe when data transmits through wireless environment. It is susceptible to assault and intruders. Additionally, denial of services attacks much more damaging. Security issues are biggest issue in the field of wireless sensor networks. This paper focuses on looking at the current safety troubles of wireless sensor networks and recommended suitable controls to triumph over these problems.

Keywords: wireless sensor networks, security issues, intruders, denial of service.

Abstract: Recent years there has been a fast increase in the development of composite materials, particularly in the automobile and aerospace industries, due to their high strength to weight ratio, high wear resistance, low density and low coefficient of thermal expansion. The advancements in the field of application make the study of their desirable properties like bending, compression and tensile got utmost importance. This paper attempts to assess the desirable properties of the composite material which has been made up with Banana fibers, Jute Fiber and, Resin Epoxy (LY-556) and hardener (HY-917).In this work we have compared 3 different composite materials, that is material is the same but the size of the material are varied across different materials.. The results obtained shows that the composite possesses good tensile and bending strength comparatively.

Keywords: Banana fibers, Jute Fiber, Resin Epoxy (LY-556) and Hardener (HY-917).

Abstract: This paper introduces the design and working of arduino microcontroller for measuring the FAT and CLR. In many dairy farms, computer aided control of physiological and sanitary parameters are already used and lead to a productivity increase and the elimination of some tedious operations. Embedded Technology is now in its prime and the wealth of knowledge available is mind-blowing. An embedded system can be defined as a control system or computer system designed to perform a specific task. Embedded systems are playing important roles in our lives every day, even though they might not necessarily be visible. Here I describes one of the applications of embedded system MILKOTESTER. It is Small compact, embedded in a single unit, requires less power and measure milk parameters like SNF (Solid but Not FAT), FAT, CLR with less cost. Also with the help of IOT (Internet of Things) process the milk industry should be able to send the real time reading information of milk to the government so that it helps to overcome the illegal things such as milk quality during the production of milk pocket.

Keywords: Fast analysis-allows a large number of measurement to be done,Simple and light weight design, Low cost, Low power consumption, Easy to operate.

Abstract: This report documents the process and methodology to produce a low cost go-kart which is comfortable, vulnerable, durable and complete in all aspects by modeling it with CAD software The feasibility of the go-kart design was examined through FMEA, Cost report. The team focuses on a technically sound vehicle which is backed by a profound design and good manufacturing practices. The report explains approach, reasons, selecting criteria and expected working of the vehicle parameters. The procedural way of explanation is used for different parts of the vehicle, which starts from approach with the help of known facts, then the design and calculation procedure has been explained. The best way known had been use to go on to the final result of all parameters.

Keywords: Braking System, Go-Kart, FMEA, Cost report, CAD software.

Abstract: Mechanical linkages steering systems are commonly used due to their simplicity in construction and compactness. The main purpose of this paper is to design and manufacture manual mechanical linkages steering system according to the requirement of the vehicle for better maneuverability. Quantities like turning circle radius, steering ratio, steering effort, etc. are inter-dependent on each other and therefore there are different design consideration according to the type of vehicle. The comparison of result is shown using tables which will help to design an effective steering for the vehicle. A virtual mechanical linkages assembly can be created using software like SOLIDWORKS.

Keywords: Steering ratio, steering wheel torque, inner wheel and outer wheel angle, Mechanical linkages steering.

Abstract: Go-kart, by definition, has no suspension and no differential. They are usually raced on scaled down tracks, but are sometimes driven as entertainment or as a hobby by non-professionals. 'Carting is commonly perceived as the stepping stone to the higher and more expensive ranks of motor sports. Kart racing is generally accepted as the most economic form of motor sport available. As a free-time activity, it can be performed by almost anybody and permitting licensed racing for anyone from the age of 8 onwards. Kart racing is usually used as a low-cost and relatively safe way to introduce drivers to motor racing. Many people associate it with young drivels, but adults are also very active in karting. Karting is considered as the first step in any serious racer's career. It can prepare the driver for highs-speed wheel-to-wheel racing by helping develop guide reflexes, Precision car control and decision-making skills. In addition, it brings an awareness of the various parameters that can be altered to try to improve the competitiveness of the kart that also exist in other forms of motor racing.

Keywords: transmission, go-kart, final drive sprocket, gear.

Abstract: A Go-kart is a small four wheeled vehicle. Go-kart, by definition, has no suspension and no differential. They are usually raced on scaled down tracks, but are sometimes driven as entertainment or as a hobby by non-professionals. 'Carting is commonly perceived as the stepping stone to the higher and more expensive ranks of motor sports. Kart racing is generally accepted as the most economic form of motor sport available. As a free-time activity, it can be performed by almost anybody and permitting licensed racing for anyone from the age of 8 onwards. Kart racing is usually used as a low-cost and relatively safe way to introduce drivers to motor racing. Many people associate it with young drivels, but adults are also very active in karting. Karting is considered as the first step in any serious racer's career. It can prepare the driver for highs-speed wheel-to-wheel racing by helping develop guide reflexes, Precision car control and decision-making skills. In addition, it brings an awareness of the various parameters that can be altered to try to improve the competitiveness of the kart that also exist in other forms of motor racing.

Keywords: Go-kart, Racing, Design, Frame, Analysis.

Abstract: With mobile learning (m-learning), the learner only needs to have a smartphone and access to the internet; with that, they can access all the resources they need to study without having to carry books around with them. Some of the advantages of m-learning include areduction in cost, elasticity, flexibility and collaborative learning. On the flipside, this method of learning has its drawbacks that include screen size and the battery life of the smart phone, distractions during the learning process, and internet charges. Since the advantages are on the higher side, it is important that the mobile learning be adopted by educational instotuties and training centres to enhance the quality and accessibility of learning. The introduction of new technology in m-learning such as ambient intelligence, location-based learning, and learning implants implies that mobile learning has a bright future. This paper provides an overview of m-learning via the cloud computing technology and introduces a mobile application that teaches programming to young children as an example of this type of learning.

Keywords: Cloud computing, Mobile learning (m-learning), Android Application, Programming, e-Learning.

Abstract: Coal is one of the most important sources of energy and economy of many developing and developed countries are based on coal production. Lignite is a low grade coal but play very important role in the development of industrial activity and economy in many states of India including Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. The lignite mine has a few harmful impact on the water resources and soil quality by its pollutants leachate along with many benefits. Water is very precious and useful resource for peoples of arid region of Kachchh and they always striving for drinking water. Protection and conservation of water in such area is of a major concern. Hence, a study was carried out to assess the quality of water in and around the lignite mine to know the impacts of lignite mining on surface and ground water quality within 5 km of the surrounding mining area. Parameters like temperature, pH, TDS, EC, salinity, Total iron have been studied. Collection of different samples of water is done from nearby villages around 5 km radium of the particular mining area. Laboratory analysis was performed for water quality assessment based on the standard methods of American Public Health Association. The observations show that pH value of mine sump water is fluctuating from 2.23 to 4.89 with an average of 2.87 and the important metal like Iron content was also present in significant amount, it is ranging from 16.16 to 26.8 mg/L with an average of 22.47 mg/L. The concentration of TDS is also fluctuating from 8200 to 9366 mg/L with an average value of 8569 mg/L. The electrical conductivity has also been observed to fluctuate from 16390 to 18730 µS/cm with an average of 16948 µS/cm, and salinity fluctuate from 9.52 to 11.1 mg/L with an average of 9.97 mg/L. This is highly acidic in nature and might be due to leachate from mining area.

Keywords: Lignite; Water quality, acid mine drainage, Groundwater.

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis is one of the most common diseases in modern days which may cause pain and heart attack. Stenting is non surgical method to treat the atherosclerosis. Due to its efficiency and simplicity, the use of coronary stents in interventional procedures has rapidly increased and different stents have been introduced in the market. In order to have better output of the stent implantation, it is needed to analyze the mechanical behavior of this device before manufacturing and utilizing. The aim of this work is to investigate the biomechanical behavior of stent such as non linear bending analysis at different loading conditions by using different biomaterials. One of the most effective methods to investigate the biomechanical behavior of the stent is finite element method. A commercially available finite element package ABAQUS6.10 has been used for the analysis.

Keywords: Coronary stent; Biomaterials; Finite element method.

Abstract: Engine exhaust stack mounting plays a vital role in reducing noise, vibration and ruggedness caused due to excitation and thus providing efficient role in enhancing vehicle performance and durability. The objective of the paper is to perform the static analysis of the mounting stack and work deals with checking the deformation of engine stack due to self-weight. This paper is the initial study for the dynamic analysis and to demonstrate necessity of exhaust bracket in exhaust stack of mining equipment. Analyses are performed for two iterations, one with gravity load without bracket and with bracket and deformations are obtained for both instances. Gravity load is applied at the excitation points in all three directions. A Novel bracket is designed to restrict the deformation and which is used for the dynamic analysis.

Keywords: Exhaust mount Bracket, Self-weight, Static structure, Mining equipment.

Abstract: In this work, the electrical and dielectrical properties of Ni-Zn ferrite by addition of additive V2O5 powders were investigated. Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4+ xV2O5 (where x = 0.0 and 0.2) powders were prepared by solid state reaction method. The DC electrical resistivity decreases with increase in temperature obeying Arrhenius relation. The variation of DC resistivity with temperature shows change in conduction behavior at Curie temperature. The activation energy in paramagnetic region is more than that of ferrimagnetic region. The room temperature resistivity of V5+ substituted Ni-Zn ferrites is higher than pure spinel ferrite. The resistivity decreases with V2O5 addition. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent decreased with the increase of V5+ content. The obtained electrical and dielectric parameters are useful for high frequency application.

Keywords: Ni-Zn ferrite, V2O5 additive, electrical and dielectrical.

Abstract: An automatic or movable bridge is a special type of bridge that moves to allow passage (usually) for boats or large ships. In this project automatic bridge is fully automated by using PLC. Automatic bridge is operated in countries like United Kingdom, United States of America and Howrah Bridge in India. The main objective of this project is to allow passage to huge gigantic cargo ships on the canals or lagoons because for them bridge can't be build because of their shape and size. The idea is to automate the process of ship detection, opening or closing of a bridge, controlling the signals and road barriers. The purpose of the research is to replace the manual system which is currently used. The ABB PLC is used to mechanize the system. Sensors such as Proximity are used to provide input to the system. And motor such as servo and DC motor serves as an output. Ladder diagram as a programming language is used to control the whole system between the input and output. With the help of Ultrasonic sensor, Proximity sensor the arrival and leaving of the system is Monitored and bridge is operated accordingly.

Keywords: PLC, Drawbridge Modal, Proximity Sensor, Ladder Logic.

Abstract: A result analysis of Weighted Guided Image Filtering, present days various image filtering method in computer vision and image dispensation that are helpful for some variety of noise, but they invariably put together certain supposition concerning the properties of the signal and/or noise to lack the generalization for different image noise reduction. This study explains an absolutely unique generalized guided image filtering methodology by means of the reference image create by signal sub-space projection (SSP) method. It adopts advanced parallel investigation with Monte Carlo simulations to pick out the dimensionality of signal subspace contained by the patch-based noisy images. The noiseless image is rebuilt as of the noisy image estimated onto the many Eigen images by element analysis. Training/test image is utilized to work out the relationship between the best possible parameter value and noise divergence that maximizes the output peak signal/noise ratio (PSNR). The best possible consideration of the estimated algorithmic rule are often by design chosen by means of noise deviation estimation based on the smallest singular value of the patch-based image by singular value decomposition (SVD). Lastly, we have a tendency to present a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the projected algorithmic rule with the traditional guided filter and different state-of-the-art methods with respect to the choice of the image patch and neighbourhood window sizes.

Keywords: Edge-preserving smoothing, weighted guided image filter, edge-aware weighting, detail enhancement, haze removal, exposure fusion.

Abstract: Energy storage systems (ESSs) are enabling technologies for well-established and new applications such as power peak shaving, electric vehicles, integration of renewable energies, etc. With the increasing penetration of wind power into electric power grids, energy storage devices will be required to dynamically match the intermittency of wind energy. Energy-storage devices charge during low power demands and discharge during high power demands, acting as catalysts to provide energy boost. Batteries are the primary energy-storage devices in ground vehicles. Increasing the all-electric range of vehicles by 15% almost doubles the incremental cost of the energy-storage system. Due to the variable characteristics of renewable generation, batteries used in renewable-power systems can undergo many irregular, partial charge/discharge cycles. In turn, this can also have a detrimental effect on battery lifetime. Energy storage system in wind power system is required to deal with the difference of power between generator side and load side.

Keywords: Batteries, energy storage, super capacitors, wind power generation.

Abstract: A computer network is a group of computer systems which are connected together through various communication channels which make easy use of resource-sharing between the wide ranges of users. Security was not an important and essential issue in early days. But now as billions of ordinary citizens are using networks for banking, shopping, Air Ticket Reservation, Online Examinations, Filling their Income Tax, Business, Marketing, Stock Exchange, hospitals, government organizations, and industries and so on.Computer securityis also known as cyber securityand IT security because it protects the computer system from theft or damage to the hardware, software or the information stored in it.Securityis a techniquewhich is used tomake certain data stored in a computersystem which cannot be read or translated by any persons or individuals without any authorization because it involves data encryption and password.Computer hackingis one of the technique used for modifying or altering computer software and hardware with unauthorized access to the computer system. In short term it can be called as "hackers."This paper provides a review and survey of some of the symmetric and asymmetric techniques used in computer networks. Feature of achieving the effectiveness, flexibility, security, and efficiency.

Keywords: AES, Blowfish, Cryptography, Decryption, Symmetric Encryption, IDEA, RC4, RSA.

Abstract: The demand for compression is to reduce the storage space and reduction of transmission cost. When a digital image is transmitted through a communication channel, the rate of the transmission depends on the size of the data. The simply way at current is to improve on these resource requirements is to compress images such that they can be transmitted earlier and then decompressed by the receiver. There are different applications requiring image compression such as multimedia, internet, satellite imaging, remote sensing, conservation of art work, etc. frequent methods for image compression have been accessible in the literature survey but there is forever a scope for improvement. In current work the fractal image compression has been employed as a proficient method in image compression. An original compression encoding technique using hard threshold has been planned based on fractal image compression and the results are compared with the other condition of art image compression methods. The proposed method reduces the Encoding time significantly while somewhat compromising with the value of the image. The initial experiments show that the advanced proposed approach could attain smaller encoding time and higher compression ratio on images. The proposed algorithm exhibits promising grades from quantitatively and qualitatively points of view.

Keywords: Compression, Contractive transform, Fractal, Iterative Function System, Thresholding.

Abstract: With increasing demand for E-learning, there is growing concern about the ability to ensure its quality.This paper identifies the e-learning system quality issues, which are related to the user, teacher, course, design, technology, and environment. Then the paper discusses how to implement the Total Quality Management (TQM) in e-learning system to achieve the most advantages from it.

Keywords: Total quality management, E-learning, PDCA Cycle, Six Sigma.

Abstract: Information system plays a significant role related to heal thcare outcomes. It ensures that services are professionally delivered to individuals and populations by having updated knowledge and skills. It is important to realize that hospitals are looking for services of good quality to achieve a high level of customer satisfaction and loyalty. In this paper, we discuss Electronic Health Records Systems (EHR) as a type of these information systems that is widely used by healthcare providers. Firstly, we present the literature that emphasizes factors related to the adoption of an EHR system. Then, we define TQM and its principles and discuss the role of health information systems to fulfill these principles. Afterwards, we introduce its benefits and drawbacks. Finally, we investigate the effect of EHR implementation on healthcare quality. Furthermore, we highlight the literature's recommendations to achieve healthcare of high quality.

Keywords: Total Quality Management, TQM, EHR, electronic health records, healthcare quality, quality.

Abstract: The critical success key of healthcare will lie in its ability to enhance the quality of patient care. Over the last view years, the computerized information system applied in the healthcare setting to increase the quality degree. Also, providing services for health individual and population to increase the probability of required outcomes. In this paper, we made an overview of healthcare information system (HCIS) from the total quality management (TQM) aspect. Therefore, the research includes the transformation challenges, the effect of HCIS on the healthcare quality, and what measurement used to assess the quality level of a healthcare environment. Consequently, the using of HCIS in the healthcare organization activities will lead to raising and improving efficiency, accomplish its goals and achieve an elevated level of quality.

Keywords: Healthcare, Total Quality Management (TQM), Computerized, Healthcare information system (HCIS), Outcomes, and Measurement.

Abstract: In recent years, the total quality management information systems (TQMIS) aims to extract high quality information, collect, store and manipulate information. The total quality management information systems contains several databases. Therefore, TQMIS leads to increasing customer satisfaction, increasing employee productivity and improving the quality of products or services provided. TQMIS enhances the organization and considers a competitive advantage. In this work, we conducted an overview of the total quality management information systems.

Keywords: TQMIS, TQM, IS, CRUT-Model, ITEC.

Abstract: Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM) is the process of material removal from a work piece by the application of a high speed stream of abrasive particles carried in a gas medium from a nozzle. The material removal process is mainly by erosion. The AJM will chiefly be used to cut shapes in hard and brittle materials like glass, ceramics etc.AJM is an effective machining process for processing a variety of Hard and Brittle Material. And has various distinct advantages over the other non-traditional cutting technologies, such as, high machining versatility, minimum stresses on the work piece, high flexibility no thermal distortion, and small cutting forces. It also known as micro-abrasive blasting. It is a mechanical energy based unconventional machining process used to remove unwanted material from a given work piece. The process makes use of an abrasive jet with high velocity, to remove material and provide smooth surface finish to hard metallic work pieces.

Keywords: Air compressor, Air filter, Pressure Gauge, Pressure Regulator Vibrator or Mixer, Nozzle, Horizontal and Vertical motion module (for xy motion).

Abstract: With the increasing power of computer hardware and software, computational simulation and visualization are becoming increasingly important tools to understand and improve industrial processes, such as metal casting. Computer-aided visualization is increasing the power of all of the tools available to the solidification process engineer, including previous literature, mathematical modeling, laboratory experimentation, and online measurement of the casting processes. Die casting is a metal casting process that is characterized by forcing molten metal under high pressure into a mold cavity. In this thesis, main emphasis will be on the optimization of process parameters in High pressure die casting. A case study of compressor housing is considered where the flow simulations results are analyzed for optimization. An analytical approach is discussed by using software Ansys Fluent to analyze the behavior of molten metal at different stages of time by observing the results of temperature variations, pressure variations and liquid fractions by applying the input parameters molten metal temperature, die temperature and velocity of flow. The model of the component with spreader design, runner design, gate location and overflows is done in 3D modeling software Pro/Engineer.

Keywords: Die casting, metal casting process, spreader design, runner design, gate location.

Abstract: Families living in rural areas who do not have access to the national grid may have to travel long distances and wait long times for their batteries to be recharged at commercial centers. Practical action has developed reliable and cost effective wind energy systems for charging batteries to help meet the electrical energy needs of these people. Small scale wind energy generators also have the potential to stimulate village level charging enterprises for either community or private use. Therefore practical action aims to develop and promote local industries capable of manufacturing and maintaining the generators. Modern wind energy systems consist of three basic components: a tower on which the wind turbine is mounted; a rotor that is turned by the wind; and the nacelle, which houses the equipment, including the generator, that converts the mechanical energy in the spinning rotor into electricity. The tower supporting the rotor and generator must be strong. Rotor blades need to be light and strong in order to be aerodynamically efficient and to withstand prolonged use in high winds. In this a high way wind turbine is designed and modeled using CREO parametric.

Keywords: Finite element analysis, high way wind turbine, fabrication of wind turbine.

Abstract: Acid mine drainage is among one of the qualitative pollution created mainly by mining activities. Water drained from active or abandoned mine workings is often indicated by low pH (pH value less than 5.6) with high concentrations of heavy iron and metals sulfate. This water is commonly referred as AMD. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is known to be one of the most severe environmental problem throughout the world in the mining affecting the environment as well as the economics of metal and coal mining operations. Acid mine drainage is also called as "acid rock drainage." This review describes the sources of AMD, pollutions created by AMD and also summarizes the method and application of active and passive techniques for treatment of AMD.

Keywords: Sources of AMD active and passive treatment technology, environmental, chemical and biological treatment, wetlands.

Abstract: In this paper the behaviour of non-prismatic folded plate roof with varying design parameters have been studied by taking a specific example of non-prismatic plate roof of administrative block of NIT at Hamirpur, H.P, India. Different design parameters selected for study are plate thickness and different support conditions. It has been observed that the value of deflections are higher for less plate thicknesses while transverse moments, principal stresses and longitudinal moments are lower. When rigid diaphragms are provided at two ends of folded plate, deflections decrease at mid span and quarter span while longitudinal moments increase.

Keywords: non-prismatic folded plate, plate thickness, diaphragms, deflections, stresses, moments.

Abstract: In recent years, big data became a hot analysis topic. The increasing quantity of big data additionally will increase the possibility of breaching the privacy of individuals. Since big data need high procedure power and large storage, distributed systems are used. As multiple parties are involved in these systems, the risk of privacy violation is increased. There are varieties of privacy-preserving mechanisms developed for privacy protection at different stages (e.g., data generation, data storage, and data processing) of an enormous data life cycle. The goal of this work is to provide a comprehensive summary of the privacy preservation mechanisms in big data and present the challenges for existing mechanisms. Specifically, during this work illustrate the infrastructure of big data and also the state-of-the-art privacy-preserving mechanisms in every stage of the big data life cycle. Moreover, discuss the challenges and future analysis directions related to privacy preservation in big data.

Keywords: Big Data, DADU, DPU, land and sea area, Real-time, remote senses, RSDU.

Abstract: In this paper we have compared Nun Subsampled Contourlet Transform and Wavelet Transform in image denoising on the basis of PSNR, RMSE and SSIM. In order to remove the image noise more effectively an image denoising algorithm based on Non Subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) is proposed. The noisy image is first decomposed into multi-scale and multi-directional subbands by NSCT, and direction subbands of each high-pass component is processed by the new threshold function which is obtained by the Bayes threshold that based on stratified noise estimation. During the reconstruction, the low-pass subband constructed image is further denoisied by the bilateral filtering in the spatial domain. Experimental results compare with the result of image denoising using wavelet transform. It demonstrates that the proposed method can improve de-noising performance.

Keywords: NSCT, PSNR, RMSE, SSIM.

Abstract: Development of mobile applications is a young market and open broadly to organizations and individuals for competition. Software organizations utilize total quality management (TQM) strategies progressively to enhance their operations and procedures as a part of every single zone of their business. This study focuses on the Total Quality Management (TQM) properties in mobile applications industry. It aims to explore the relation between mobile application development and TQM. It identifies the metrics and attributes that help to gain successful implementation of TQM tools in field of mobile applications platform. The importance of this paper comes from the significance knowledge which provides an experience of implementing TQM in field of mobile applications industry with an overview of mobile applications. It concludes with clarifying benefits of applying TQM strategies, and how TQM philosophy could be conducted successfully.

Keywords: TQM, quality, mobile applications, information systems.

Abstract: This study aims to identify the impact and characteristic of the total quality management in banking services, highlight the importance and role of quality banking services as an entry point to increase the competitiveness of banks, and seeks to draw the attention of the importance of benefiting from the application of TQM in banking sector.

Keywords: Total Quality management, Banking sector, quality work life, service quality.

Abstract: Nowadays, higher demand and greater awareness on security problems lead to the study of more secure, high performance, reliable and flexible systems. One method for secure transfer of data is cryptographic method. Cryptography is used to encode the information to keep the information from being hacked by the other party. To meet these demands the implementation of the Blowfish algorithm in the commercial FPGA has been chosen to present the high performance of such FPGA based reconfigurable systems. In this project, we have analyse how such system can be used to enhance the speed of cryptographic computation. By using this FPGA design, the Blowfish computation can be increased in speed. In this project, we have used pipeline structure to enhance speed and also Xilinx software is used for the synthesis purpose. The achieved results lead to the general conclusion that the use of an FPGA coprocessor is ideally suited for the execution of cryptographic algorithms regarding execution time and flexible usage. The performance is analysed in terms of its architecture, throughput, and power consumption.

Keywords: Blowfish algorithm, FPGA processor, VHDL, Modelsim, Xilinx.

Abstract: The usual train toilet systems provided in the Indian Railways discharge the waste directly on to the railway track systems. This leads to infecting the area and spreads a foul smell with unhygienic conditions for the trackmen for inspection and maintenance. By providing some advancements and improvising on the existing waste disposal system, we have built a safe way to conserve water by reusing the water that was once used for flushing by filtering it and again using it for the flushing purpose. This not only conserves water by reducing the overall wastage of water but also saves the tracks from the water that will corrode it. The solid waste can either be anaerobically digested to form fertile soil in the digester or can be compressed and composed into a composite solid waste.

Keywords: Railways, Unhygienic, Filtering, Digester, Anaerobically, Composite, Solid Waste.

Abstract: The study is about the assessment of compensation and benefits in selected audit firms in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The research study appraised the current status of compensation and benefits of the firms in terms of remuneration, allowance, promotion and incentives. Also, it endeavored to figure out the perceptions of the employees of the selected audit firms in the Kingdom of Bahrain on the level of effectiveness of compensation and benefits along with the same variables in order to establish a base for enhancement of performance of employees. The study used a descriptive survey method to analyze the perception on compensation and benefits in selected audit firms in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Also, this method is used to analyze the significant relationship of the perception of the employees along with the same variables. The respondents of the study were the 100 employees of the audit firms in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The primary tool in gathering data was the questionnaire. Secondary sources were utilized such as: books, articles, unpublished theses and other printed resources related to the study that were used to support and strengthen the findings of the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and interpret the data gathered such as: weighted mean to identify the average perception of the respondents. T-test was used to calculate the difference in the perception of the respondents. The correlation assessed whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other. The following were the major findings in the study: 1) The status of the employees' compensation and benefits in audit firms in Bahrain is found to be good as revealed by an overall mean score of 3.93. 2)The effectiveness of the employee performance in audit firms in the light of the four components of compensation and benefits is found to be effective. This is drawn from an overall mean score 3.98. 3) There is a significant relationship between employees' compensation and benefits in audit firms in Bahrain and effectiveness of employee performance. The problems that encountered by employees in relation to compensation and benefits in audit firms in Bahrain include: a) Non- compliance between rises in salaries and rises in prices; b) Non-compliance between salaries of counterparts in other jobs; c) Allowances are not provided on fair criteria; d) Allowances are in accordance unaccepted criteria; e)There are non-clear basis for distribution of allowances such as productivity; f) Vagueness of the applied criteria for promotion; g) Absence of regulations to control the promotion procedures; and h) Lack of transparency in terms of incentives.

Keywords: compensation, benefits, Audit firms, Employees' performance.

Abstract: This study examines the status of organizational knowledge management in Qatar Telecommunication (Qtel) as it relates to the organizational performance. This research used the questionnaire survey tool for collection of data and the 104 respondents were managers and employees of Qtel. The results of this research indicated that there is significant relationship between the status and level of organizational knowledge management and work performance. Hence, the hypothesis is rejected. The following are the major finding of the study: 1) The respondents agreed on the status of the organizational knowledge management in Qtel as shown in an overall mean of 3.6. 2) The organizational knowledge management of Qtel is effective to the operation of the company as revealed by an overall rating of 3.8. 3) There is significant relationship between the status and the level of effectiveness of the organizational knowledge management in terms of organizational structure, organizational culture, technological know-how, and organizational policies in Qtel. 4) There are six major problems encountered by the respondents in relation with the organizational knowledge management and the work performance.

Keywords: Organizational structure, Organizational culture, Technological know-how, Organizational policy.

Abstract: Moving object detection is the task of identifying the physical movement of an object in a given region or area. Over last few years, moving object detection has received much of attraction due to its wide range of applications like video surveillance, human motion analysis, robot navigation, event detection, video conferencing, traffic analysis and security. In addition, moving object detection is very consequential and efficacious research topic in field of computer vision and video processing, since it forms a critical step for many complex processes like video object classification and video tracking activity. Consequently, identification of actual shape of moving object from a given sequence of video frames becomes pertinent. However, task of detecting actual shape of object in motion becomes tricky due to various challenges like dynamic scene changes, illumination variations, and presence of shadow, camouflage and bootstrapping problem. To reduce the effect of these problems, researchers have proposed number of new approaches. This project provides a brief classification of the classical approaches for moving object detection.

Keywords: Moving Object Detection, Object Classification, Video Surveillance, Video Frames.

Abstract: Various experimental techniques are used to study different properties of ferrites. Using X-ray diffraction, physical and structural properties like lattice constant, X-ray density, porosity, particle size, theoretical lattice constant and cation distribution are determined. IR study is useful to determine position of different vibration modes, bond lengths and force constant. Under electric and dielectric study, dc resistivity, ac resistivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and dielectric loss tangent are determined. Magnetic properties are measured using pulse field magnetic hysteresis loop tracer. Under this study magnetic properties like saturation magnetization, coercivity, remanence magnetization etc are measured. Present paper reports use of these experimental techniques to study various properties of ferrites.

Keywords: Lattice constant, porosity, dielectric constant, hysteresis, magnetization.

Abstract: In today's fast-paced vehicle situation, road safety is of utmost importance. lot of peoples have lost their lives while travelling, because of a road accident. So, we should mitigate such accidents if we want to travel safely. To cater this cause, we hereby, propose an automatic steering controlled headlamp setup. The system will be adopted in any form of four wheel vehicles/trucks or trailers etc. without being an economic burden on for the user. The idea of steering controlled headlamp isn't new, however its ability to turn according to the steering turning angle as well as direction could be a new idea. Many of corporations have developed technologies that incorporate turn able headlight to better illuminate the road, however these technologies are quite costly and continue to be distant from the majority of car owners. So, we felt the necessity of developing a mechanism that incorporates few easy parts like gears, linkages etc. and can be readily fitted onto any steering system without a lot of a design variations.

Keywords: Automotive lighting system, steering system, headlamp, Curved Road, Automotive.

Abstract: Agriculture plays a vital role in the Indian economy. Indian agriculture is at crossroads and one of the major challenges is to reverse deceleration in agricultural growth. The grains on handling after harvest contain various proportions of material other than grains (MOG) such as stone, pod, stem and dirt. Separation of the MOG is essential to upgrade the quality of food material. Grading result in reduced bulk of the material, high value products, safe and longer storage, more out-turn of better quality milled products. Improper grading usually results in cost loss. Cleaning helps to reduce bulkiness during subsequent post harvest operations. To remove straw pieces, unfilled grains and other foreign materials, cleaning and winnowing can be done manually, using wind energy or with the use of machines. In this project we are going to sort the food grains of different sizes, and also polish them at a time in three categories i.e. coarse, medium and fine grains. The wastage will be collected in the collector and impurities (if any) will also get removed with the help of fan/Blower. The slider crank mechanism is used for desired.

Keywords: MOG, Polishing Machine, Grain Grading, food grains, fan/Blower.

Abstract: A trencher (machine) is a device used for digging trenches, used for laying pipes & cables, for setting up drainage or in preparation for trench warfare strategy. Also irrigation is very necessary for cultivation of crops. Usually rivers are far from agri-lands, which creates difficulty to irrigate. To overcome this problem of irrigation, pipeline have been developed which connects river with agri-lands. In present days, it is been followed manually with heavy machines, which results in high economic costs and time. Trenchless methods are attractive solutions in areas where difficult ground conditions exist, high groundwater table, or urban settings with highly congested infrastructure render open trench excavation highly undesirable. Such settings may include pipeline routings under a river, heavily travelled roadways, or railroad line.

Keywords: Trencher, Cutter, Blade, Agriculture.

Abstract: Super capacitors are very power dense devices in which charge density depends on the value of the capacitance and voltage across it. Generally, high capacitance of the Supercapacitor would support higher energy storage density, voltage remaining fixed. The load driven also does not utilize properly the entire stored charge from the Super capacitor due to inconsistency in electrical characteristics between the load and source. Storage efficiency of Super capacitor has state of charge dependencies as it is variable over the duration of charge/discharge cycles. It depends directly on the capacitance and indirectly on the ESR value. The proposed optimization technique can significantly find the maximum value of storage efficiency at a near about minimum value of ESR and maximum value of capacitance. The simulation model and results show the advantage of the said technique.

Keywords: Supercapacitor, Photovoltaic panel, RC branch model, Energy storage system, Solar photovoltaic equation, Genetic algorithm, Storage efficiency, Perturb & Observe algorithm, Buck Converter.

Abstract: Viable patient line administration to limit persistent holdup postponements and patient congestion are one of the significant difficulties confronted by doctor's facilities. Pointless and irritating sits tight for long stretches result in a significant human asset, time loss and increment dissatisfaction persisted by victims. Propose a PTTP calculation to foresee the sitting tight time to individual therapy errand for a victim. We utilize the practical patient information from different doctor's facilities to get a patient treatment time display for each errand. In light of this vast scale, practical dataset and the therapy time to every victim in the present line of every errand are anticipated. In light of the anticipated holding up time and Hospital Queuing-Recommendation (HQR) framework are created.

Keywords: Apache Spark, huge information, distributed computing, healing center lining suggestion, quiet treatment time forecast.

Abstract: In this, paper we analyses the productivity of land of certain region of the country by taking data through Remote Sensing. Productivity of land depends on a lot of factor, certain factors, which are dominant factor, are included in this analysis. This paper also tries to explain the cost related to production of certain area of Land and net Profit related to the agriculture. By analyzing the productivity of land by taking different data for input and related output. We are trying to predict most favorable combination of input for certain region of hectare of land. This result as a reference is useful to increase the productivity of land.

Keywords: Remote Sensing, Electromagnetic Energy, Fertilizer, Pesticides, Irrigation.

Abstract: EDM is widely used machining technique in the world. It is one of the most accurate types of machining processes. The ability to achieve complex geometries and intricate shapes with high degree of accuracy especially when used along with CNC makes it more accurate and superior from any other machining techniques. In spite of all these positive characteristics, the EDM machine has some drawbacks. The most critical problem among these which causes wastage of time, removal or erosion of electrode material from the electrode. As we all know that EDM process works on the erosion of material or work-piece due to the spark produced between the surface of electrode and the work-piece. But during this process, along with the erosion of the work-piece there is erosion of the electrode (tool). To reduce this gap produced by the 'erosion of tool' the companies keeps a set of electrodes available in order to overcome the tool erosion problem. The number of electrodes in excess is kept according to the need and use of electrode. It takes quite long time in making of this electrode along with the wastage of money and labor. We need to give a solution to this problem and find an alternative or a solution which can reduce the requirement of the electrodes in order to save our time and money. For this purpose, we have to minimize the amount of erosion of tool end by specifying the desired or more appropriate input parameters (voltage, current, pulse on-off time etc.) which are to be given to EDM in order to lessen the erosion of electrode.

Keywords: Electric discharge machining, metal removal rate, Electrode erosion.

Abstract: The present study is carried out to characterize the morphometry of Yamuna River basin using remote sensing and GIS techniques, covering parts of Agra, Firozabad and Etawah districts of Uttar Pradesh. The morphometric parameters were calculated and specialized through spatial analysis of GIS. The results of the morphometric parameters are the variables of linear, areal and relief aspects. The integrated analysis of the variables concludes that the basin is elongated in shape, having highly permeable rocks and suffered severe ravenous erosion. Hypsometric analysis shows that the basin is in mature to old stage of geomorphic development.

Keywords: Yamuna River, GIS, Morphometry, ravenous.

Abstract: The phylloplane of Habenaria foliosa- the endangered terrestrial orchid was studied from the two different localities of two different districts for to access the diversity of fungi over four different fungal media, present on the leaves. For the present investigation, the plants were collected from the Chandpur (Bhandara district) and Kurkheda (Gadchiroli district) in the months of July-August, 2015. In the present study, a total 22 fungal species with 13 genera were reported over the leaf surface.Penicillium and Aspergillus are found to be dominant followed by the Black sterile mycelia.

Keywords: Anamorphic fungi, Aspergillus, Forest, leaf surface, Penicillium.

Abstract: Now a day, it is very common to see that complex queries are being vastly used in the real time database applications. These complex queries often have a lot of common sub-expressions, either within a single query or across multiple such queries run as a batch. Multi-query optimization aims at exploiting common sub-expressions to reduce evaluation cost. Multi-query optimization has often been viewed as impractical, since earlier algorithms were exhaustive, and explore a doubly exponential search space. This work demonstrates that multi-query optimization using heuristics is practical, and provides significant benefits. The cost-based heuristic algorithms: basic Volcano-SH and Volcano-RU, which are based on simple modifications to the Volcano search strategy. The algorithms are designed to be easily added to existing optimizers. The study shows that the presented algorithms provide significant benefits over traditional optimization, at a very acceptable overhead in optimization time.

Keywords: Heuristics, Volcano-SH and Volcano-RU.

Abstract: Technology has made immense progress globally and has become a strong tool in communication. Finding its use in diverse fields and various levels it has become a strong aid for classroom deliverance of lecture and interaction between teacher and student. The paper will be based on a theoretical study and deliberation of imparting education in the discipline of Architecture with use of state-of-art technology. The study intends to consider both aspects that are looking into the pros and cons of the technology driven tools used in teaching and learning Architecture. The debate on the benefits of technology driven tools in imparting architectural education continues till today amongst various generation of architects. Like amongst those who were more primitive compared to those who have seen the advancement of technology in the profession and its education and thirdly those who are the 'present' and took their initial notes over the computer. In this context the paper will discuss around the larger framework of how technology has brought meaningful change and progress in the classroom and the industry. Thus giving an insight on whether the benefits are positive and has technological advancement has improvised education and learning. Some questions may continue to exist of technology being misused by the students and whether improvised educational methods have increased industry productivity. Towards conclusion the paper will attempt to pave guidelines for use of technological tools in architectural teaching and learning, preventing misuse, positive productivity and quality work.

Keywords: Technology, Education methods, Architectural education, teaching and learning