Studies on Proximate and Physico - Chemical Properties of Different Groundnut Varieties Grown in India

Abstract: In the present research study, four different groundnut varieties such as T-64, Tg-37A, TRG-4 (Trg-4) and Karad4-11(K4-11) were grown under different geographical places in India. The proximate analysis, oil yield and physicochemical properties of collected groundnut seeds and their extracted oils were determined for their nutritional assay. It was found that the seeds contained in the range of extracted oil, moisture, crude protein, total ash, crude fat, crude fibre, carbohydrate and calories per 100gms were 39.98-42.12 % (±0.8828), 1.24-2.45 % (± 0.5105),27.5-30 % (± 1.0681),1.77-2.24 %(± 0.2174), 28.8-30.2 % (± 0.6416),1.68-2.35 % (± 0.3211), 34.41-37.76% (± 1.4414) and 519.64-526.96 (± 3.4593) respectively. The specific gravity, viscosities, impurities and refractive index of the extracted groundnut seed oil and colour were in the range of 0.9150-0.9165 (± 0.0007), 91.48-91.58 (± 0.0432), 0.03-0.05(± 0.00851) ,1.4628-1.4636(± 0.0003)and 1.23-2.32 (± 0.5141) respectively. AV (mg KOH/g oil), IV (g I2/100 g oil), SV (mg KOH/ g oil), unsaponifiable matter content (%) and ester value of the extracted oil from groundnut seeds were in the range of 2.78-3.37 (±0.08), 90.24-93.9 (± 1.5478),190.08-192.48 (± 0.9856),0.56-0.62(± 0.0258) and 187.1-189.31(± 0.9667) respectively. This study is empirical and on the basis of finding it is revealed that groundnut seed oil can be a valuable source of edible oil.

Keywords: Groundnut seeds, Extraction, Proximate, Physico-Chemical Properties