Frequency agile hexagon slot antenna for RADAR applications

Abstract: This paper presents the design and analysis of a frequency-agile hexagon slot antenna capable of operating across a wideband frequency range from 1 GHz to 12 GHz by toggling diode ON/OFF conditions, making it suitable for radar and high-speed wireless communication applications. The proposed antenna structure is designed with FR-4 epoxy substrate and ground plane is implemented using copper to ensure high conductivity and minimal insertion loss. A microstrip feedline is employed to excite the hexagonal slot, offering efficient coupling and stable impedance matching across the operating bandwidth. The antenna exhibits strong frequency agility through structural optimization and design symmetry, enabling operation across multiple radar bands. The compact form factor and wideband performance of the antenna make it an ideal candidate for integration into modern radar systems.

Keywords: Hexagonal slot, frequency agility, Radar applications, slot antenna, notch, strip