COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF E-LEARNING INFRASTRUCTURE IN FEDERAL AND STATE TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN KEBBI STATES, NIGERIA.

Abstract: This study examines the differences in e-learning infrastructure between federal and state tertiary institutions in Kebbi State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire, distributed to 180 respondents across nine institutions, gathered data on the availability, accessibility and utilization of e-learning tools. SPSS was used for data analysis, employing simple frequency counts and a 4-point Likert scale to answer research questions. Results indicate that federal institutions have significantly better e-learning infrastructure compared to state institutions. Federal institutions reported higher availability and accessibility of internet services, digital resources and computers. They also had better-equipped virtual learning facilities and superior technical support. In contrast, state institutions showed lower and more inconsistent usage of e-learning tools among lecturers and students. Resource availability and ease of access were key factors influencing e-learning adoption. Positive perceptions of e-learning effectiveness were noted, but infrastructure limitations and funding constraints were major barriers. Recommendations for improvement included increased investment and faculty development programs. Independent samples t-tests confirmed a significant difference in the mean availability of e-learning infrastructure between federal and state institutions, with federal institutions having a clear advantage. This study underscores the need for enhanced e-learning infrastructure in state institutions to improve adoption and effectiveness.

Keywords: Availability, Accessibility, Usage, E-learning infrastructure, Tertiary institutions