VOLUME 8, ISSUE 2, FEBRUARY 2021

Abstract: Exposure of reinforced concrete RC building to an accidental fire may result in cracking and loss in the bearing capacity of their major components like columns, beams and slabs. It is challenge for structural engineers to develop efficient rehabilitation techniques that enable RC beams to restore their structural integrity, after being exposed to intense fires for long period of time. Relatively few studies have been under taken on repair techniques for structural elements. Therefore, this study was carried out to generate experimental data on repair techniques for fire affected RC beams. A total of fourteen RC beams were cast with similar cross-sectional details, length and grade of concrete and clear cover provided to reinforcement. Fourteen beams were meant for fire exposure and the remaining one beam is used as companion beam. After the curing period of 28 days, all the 14 beams were tested initially by rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity meter. After testing the specimens individually meant for temperature exposure of 100 to 600o C with increments of 100oC each for 2 h duration and allowed to cool to room temperature. Again the specimens were tested for rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tester after exposed to elevated temperatures. After heating, the fire affected beams were repaired with repair technique 1 and 2. Again specimens were tested for rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tester. Thereafter, these test specimens were tested, for flexure. The percentage variations of average compressive strength by rebound hammer test and percentage variation of average pulse velocity by ultrasonic pulse velocity test have been studied. The load deflection behaviour of repair technique 1 and 2 of repaired beams have been studied and presented.

Keywords: Reinforced concrete, structural integrity and rebound hammer.

Abstract: Over 30 million people in India are affected by diabetes and lots of people are under the danger position. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment is required to avoid/prevent diabetes and its associated health problems. The medical data mining methods and techniques explored in this work help to identify the suitable techniques for efficient classification of diabetes datasets and to provide effective recommendations.The standard dataset obtained from Pima diabetes database is used for detecting proposed system. The data set contains data for 769 patients contains both sick and healthy patient's data are obtained. The research work also performs the analysis of the features in the dataset and selects the optimal features based on the correlation values. The SVM algorithm and Random forest giving the highest specificity of 91.55% and 92.8%, respectively holds best for the analysis of diabetic data.

Keywords: Data mining, diabetics, KNN, decision tree, Jupiter note book, python 3, membership function

Abstract: One of the costliest and highest types of flexible pavement layer used is bituminous concrete or asphalt concrete. Construction of highways involves huge outlay of investment. To satisfy the design requirements of stability and durability the bituminous mixes should be designed effectively. The ingredients of the bituminous mixture include dense grading of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, fillers and bitumen binder. In this study an attempt was made to find the effect of filler on the behaviour of bituminous mixes. Filler plays an important role in the filling of voids and hence change the physical and chemical properties. An important role is played by the fillers that pass through 0.075mm sieve. Conventionally stone dust is used as filler. An attempt has been made in this investigation to assess the influence of non-conventional and cheap fillers such as brick dust and steel slag in bitumen paving mixes. The properties of bituminous mixes containing these fillers were studied and compared with each other. Various tests were also conducted on aggregates and bitumen and the results were compared with the specifications. Brick dust and Steel slag as fillers with 2%, 3.5%, 5%, and 6.5% was used to improve the physical characteristics of bitumen mixes.

Keywords: Steel slag, Brick dust, Marshall Stability test.

Abstract: A tremendous amount of data comes with a huge amount of knowledge. Decent use of the persistent information can assist to beat provocations and support to determine further sophisticated judgment. Data visualization techniques are authenticated scientifically as thousand-fold reliable instead of textual representation. The premature data visualization system met some difficulties and there has some solution for handle this type of massive quantity of knowledge. Data science used two distinct languages Python and R to see big data in undeviating manner. There even have tons of tools in operating business. This paper is concentrated on the visualization technique of Python and R. R emerges including the extraordinary visualization library alike ggplot2, leaflet, and lattice to defeat the provocation of the extensive volume. Python has several particular libraries for data visualization. Commonly they're Bokeh, Seaborn, Altair, ggplot and Pygal. Also, with latest secure and powerful zero coding GUI's accessories to explain big data visualization for genuine recognition with practical determination. Method and process of visual description of knowledge are significant to recover specific knowledge from the large-scale dataset.

Keywords: Big Data Visualization; Python Visualization; R visualization; GUI Visualization; Zero coding Visualization; Visualization Tools

Abstract: Flexible pavements with bituminous surfacing are widely used in India. Exponential increase in traffic, overloading of commercial vehicles and variations in temperatures have shown some limitations of conventional bitumen performance. Flexible pavements can be defined as the one consisting of a mixture of asphaltic or bituminous material and aggregates placed on a bed of compacted granular material of appropriate quality in layers over sub-grade. Bituminous surfacing develops distress symptoms like cracking, rutting, raveling, undulations, shoving etc, are been reported in flexible pavements. Bitumen modified with Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) which is one of the most effective polymer additive offers a combination performance related to physical properties of the bitumen. SBR is an elastomer which is an important sort of synthetic rubber whose molecule structure primarily consists of organic compound Styrene and Butadiene chain. It plays an active role in improving the visco-elastic properties bitumen and also changes rheological behavior of bitumen by increasing the resistance of mixture against permanent deformations. This paper presents the experimental study on modification of Bitumen by the replacement of bitumen by SBR latex at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9% by the weight of bitumen. Various tests on bitumen like penetration test, softening point, viscosity test and ductility test are conducted on addition of SBR latex with bitumen and results are compared. Marshall Stability test is the one of the important test conducted to decide the performance of the bituminous mix. So, Marshall Stability test is conducted for various percentages of SBR latex and optimum % is determined. The properties of the mix evaluated by Marshall test are stability, flow, air voids (Va), volume of mineral aggregates (VMA) and void filled with bitumen (VFB). From this test optimum content of SBR to be added to bitumen is obtained. SBR latex is an easily available product and also economical.

Keywords: Bitumen, SBR latex, Marshal Stability test, visco-elastic.

Abstract: In the present examination we investigate the relationship of geomagnetic storms with the CRI, and Ap index during ascending and descending phase. Our analysis comprises the study of solar cycle 22 and 24. In order to set up the relationship between these parameters we have used the superposed epoch method. During the analysis of both solar cycles we have found a very interesting outcome that the intense value of Dst leads to the intense value of CRI for both phases. We have likewise compared the patterns of Ap index with Dst and CRI and found that the minimum peak of Dst and CRI coincides with the maximum peak of Ap index.

Keywords: Geomagnetic storms, Cosmic ray intensity, Ap index, Dst.

Abstract: Increased urbanization and industrialization has prompted a situation of higher amounts of lead in wastewater that has turned into a significant issue. Lead removal includes advances that have traditionally been utilized (oxidation, precipitation/coagulation/film separation)with far less attention paid to adsorption by plant biocarbon. Effect of pH, adsorbent portion and contact time on percentage removal of lead from aqueous solutions using plant adsorbent have been analyzed in this method is more economical and safe in present study.

Keywords: Biocarbon, heavy metals, wastewater, ppm, lead

Abstract: This study explores the coordinates for strategic adaptation of the healthcare services suppliers, in the framework of different setups of systems with the objective to deliver consistent value for their patients' fulfilment. Given the healthcare industry specifics, the general variations of elements and the strategic choices are substantially impacted by the manner in which the healthcare systems are designed and how they are evolving. The prosed approach is integrative, aiming to provide both academics and practicians with a perspective on encompassing medical business development, taking into account the specific opportunities provided by the combination of elements from each of the main models of healthcare systems, in various individual contexts. This examination supports the proper positioning of the patients is as the focal point of the business, aiming at proving them with the best value and efficiently developing the business on the long term in connection with the market reality.

Keywords: Consumer value, Healthcare systems, Marketing mix, Patient satisfaction

Abstract: Sewer gas is a complex mixture of toxic and nontoxic gases produced and collected in sewage system by the decomposition of organic households or industrial wastes. It includes harmful gases such as oxides of carbon, Sulphur, nitrogen, ammonia and methane. Sewage cleaners are very much affected by these gases. In order to overcome this problem, we are proposing a system which includes integrated sensors for sensing the gases, Arduino UNO and a LCD display to quantify toxic gases which is produced in the system. This system will help to identify the gas level inside the drainage manholes so that the worker can get some idea of entering into the manholes. It helps the workers and provides them safety before getting down into the manholes and it will sense the level of the gas inside. In order to reduce the toxic gases concentration, Sprinkler mechanism is provided with the resource chemical for detoxification treatment. Whenever the gas concentration level exceeds the specified threshold level, an actuator mechanism triggers the sprinkler.

Keywords: Carbon Sulphur, Ammonia, Methane, LCD, Sensors, Sprinkler Mechanism

Abstract: 3D Printing or Additive manufacturing is a novel method of manufacturing parts directly from digital model by using layer by layer of metal powder infusing or sintering build-up approach. This manufacturing method can produce fully dense metallic parts or less density high durable models in short time compared to subtractive manufacturing from CNC, VMC, turners and lathe machine, with high precision. Features of additive manufacturing like freedom of part design, part complexity, light weighting, part consolidation and design for function are garnering particular interests in metal additive manufacturing for aerospace, oil & gas, marine and automobile applications. Powder bed fusion, in which each powder bed layer is selectively fused by using energy source like laser, is the most promising additive manufacturing technology that can be used for manufacturing small, low volume, complex metallic parts. This research provides an overview of 3D Printing technologies, materials used for metal 3D printing, applications, advantages, disadvantages, challenges, economics and applications of 3D metal printing technology in India and Bangladesh.

Keywords: Additive Manufacturing, 3D Printers, Metal 3D printers, Metal powder, Sintering.

Abstract: The corrosion resistance of magnesium or magnesium parts depends on similar factors that are critical to other metals. However, because of the electrochemical activity of magnesium, the relative importance of some factors is greatly amplified. In this review, the corrosion characteristic of Mg and Mg alloys are described. Fundamental aspects of magnesium corrosion such as general corrosion, galvanic corrosion, pitting, and corrosion fatigue are reviewed. The factors that control the corrosion behaviour of Mg and Mg alloys are discussed in some detail. Finally, the more recently developed corrosion science and engineering underpinning various surface treatment methods such as electrochemical plating, conversion coating, anodising, gas-phase coating, organic coating, electrolytic plasma oxidation for magnesium alloys are described.

Keywords: Rust, Corrosion, Magnesium, Magnesium alloys, Iron rust.

Abstract: Azolla, a free-floating aquatic fern with enormous herbal efficiency in traditional medicine. Azolla species, largest tropical ferns shows very fast growth rate. It was reported that its biomass can grow double in just 10 to 15 days. It can synthesize variety of bioactive components for the benefits of humans. It gains attraction with its wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-caries activities. Due to the emergence of novel diseases, it is inevitable to find out drugs from plant based source. Plant based medicines are indigenous systems of medicine practiced by physicians for more than hundreds of years. Plant based medicines are now in great demand in the developing world for primary health care not because they are inexpensive but also for better compatibility with the human body system and very low side effects. Because of this reason the present review focused to reveal the pharmaceutical significance of Azolla species.

Keywords: Azolla, pharmacological activities, herbal medicine

Abstract: Diaraland is situated between natural levies are formed by meandering, braiding and course changing of river. There is a time gap scarcity for land preparation because of less time availability between post flood and sowing time of wheat. It is essential to prepare land timely. A conventional 8 hp power tiller as a source of power with its matching equipment was field evaluated for wheat crop and compared with traditional bullock farming system followed in diaraland. Study revealed that the average benefit cost ratio for wheat crop was 2.31 in twice rotatilling and 1.81 in traditional bullock forming system. Energy consumed in land preparation for wheat crop was 1840.86 MJ/ha in twice rotatilling and 1261.37 MJ/ha in bullock farming system. It was found that the power tiller farming system with twice rotatilling gave better field preparation for proper operation of sowing and seed germination and was more economical, but more energy expensive than the other operations.

Abstract: Consumer behavior is a central theme for the science of marketing, its research growing in importance over the last years, due to the need for detailed information in order to explain and to predict how consumers make their decisions. The research on that subject keeps developing continuously, while the interest is both academic and practical, in order to identify and investigate the factors that influence behavior. The present paper explores the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors, by analysing the content of 73 scientific publications. These influences are explored and their synergies are explained. While the influence of each factor can be addressed individually, the integration of those influences brings new useful information on what shapes and guides consumer decision-making. In that regard, the convergence-based approach highlights the elements that are relevant for the marketing efforts to better satisfy the customers and improve business outcomes.

Keywords: Consumer behavior, Buyer decision-making, Endogenous influences, Exogenous influences

Abstract: In this paper, aluminium-magnesium-iron (Al-Mg-Fe) based water activated ration heater for ready foods was prepared by using a simple method. The effects of the difference molar ratio of precursors on the thermal properties of water activated ration heater had been investigated. According to FLIR study, (Al-Mg-Fe) based water activated ration heater synthesized by using (Al-Mg-Fe) mixture and NaCl reaches the peak temperature 91.5 º C and the highest average temperature of 75.75 ºC within 12 minutes. According to the XRD result, aluminium-magnesium-iron based water activated ration heater synthesized by using 1:0.75 mass ratio of (Al-Mg -Fe) mixture and NaCl has the complete reaction. These mass ratio was also get the best results in the performance of heating test continue again.

Keywords: Water activated ration heater, aluminium-magnesium-iron powder, FLIR study, XRD, NaCl

Abstract: Study of sacred plants of Nashik district was carried out during January 2020 to December 2020. Total 25 plant species belonging to 23 genera and 23 families were recorded. Some of these plants have medicinal properties. Few of these plants are mentioned in Atharvaveda as medicinal plants.

Keywords: Sacred, medicinal, plants.

Abstract: The present investigation was carried out from 2016 to 2019 in order to explore the existing diversity of flowering plants of Kandhar Taluka of Nanded District of Maharashtra. Kandhar is the southern taluka of Nanded District which abounds in a great variety and large number of species of flowering plants in Maharastra. The vegetation is dry, deciduous and some plants were evergreen. The present investigation provides the list of flowering plants especially Trees and Shrubs present in Kandhar Taluka of Nanded District, Maharashtra State, India. The present investigation entitled "Trees and Shrubs of Kandhar Taluka of Nanded District, Maharashtra."show a total no of 146 plant species belongs to 44 angiospermic families out of which 98 are Trees, 39 are shrubs, and 9 are palms reported.

Keywords: Trees, shrubs, deciduous, evergreen, rare plant.

Abstract: In today's world, where huge amount of data is generated in every field of day to day activities, banking sector is one of them. As an outcome of work, various machine learning concept are studied with respect to Bank marketing data classification. Banking is a provision of the services by bank to an individual customer. The dataset is originally collected from UCI Machine learning repository and Kaggle website. The data is related to bank marketing campaigns of banking institution based on phone call. In this work, Python is used as a coding language and Machine learning concept is used as statistical learning for data analysis. The main reason of using machine learning is to build a predictive model to produce the better prediction. The outcome of the result is analyzed with supervised Naïve Bayes algorithm for classification purpose. The main objective of building the model is to describe whether the customer has opted for term deposit. The bank should target the potential customer with considerable amount of time responding to the phone calls. The work implemented resulted in measuring accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score, towards term deposit prediction.

Keywords: Bank marketing, Customer, Machine learning, Deposit prediction

Abstract: India's handloom industry has a long tradition of craftsmanship that is exquisite and incomparable. Compared to other countries in the world, it has a diverse and rich textile tradition, a wide range of textiles of varied designs, produced by various techniques. The specialty in the weave of the textiles in each region is developed based on location, climate and cultural influences. The weaves are often colourful, and fabrics are frequently worked over with incredibly intricate embroidery. The objective of this paper is to analyse the current state of the handloom industry in Telangana state, understand its contribution to the economy, and identify issues and challenges concerning their socio-economic sustainability and outline measures needed for strengthening and promoting the handloom industry globally.

Keywords: Craftsmanship, Handloom weaver, Socio-Economic, Sustainability.

Abstract: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that results in high blood sugar. The hormone imbalance is one of the main reasons for this metabolic disorder. The specific hormone affected is insulin, the one which regulates sugar in the blood. The disease causes the patient's body either to not make sufficient insulin or can't efficiently and effectively use the insulin made. The same disease also becomes the reason for the death of 1.6 million people every year. Despite our medical development and natural endurance the cases of diabetes have risen in recent decades. We are in the age of information, we have a surplus amount of data to feed our data-hungry machine learning algorithms. The medical data of diabetic patients show a similar pattern which makes it possible to predict diabetes in an early stage. Thus, contributing to fighting back against the disease and for goodwill. The paper presented seven machine learning classifiers that have been implemented on the early-stage risk prediction diabetes dataset and three different evaluation metrics i.e. classification accuracy, F-score and ROC value are used to evaluate the performance of the algorithms on the validation set. The results presented brings out clear results in favour of the Random Forest on the average-sized dataset.

Keywords: Decision Tree Classifier Random Forest Classifier, Support Vector Machines, Multi-Layer Perceptron, K-Nearest Neighbours Classifier, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Logistic Regression, Binary Classification, Diabetes.

Abstract: ReactJs is a front-end library developed by Facebook. It is used for handling the view layer for web and mobile applications. ReactJS allows creating reusable user interface components. It is currently one of the most popular JavaScript libraries and has a strong foundation and large community behind it. ReactJS is a declarative, efficient and flexible JavaScript library for building user interface. In model view controller architecture, React is the view which is responsible for how app looks and feels. React handles DOM gracefully, it composes complex UIs from small and isolated pieces of code called component.

Keywords: ReactJS, JavaScript, User interface, Component.

Abstract: Anaemia, Jaundice and Cataract are the major health issue in most of the developing countries. This affects all age groups of people. Anaemia is a deficiency that indicates the less number of RBC (Red Blood Cells) or irregular shape of RBC (less than 13.5gm/100ml for men and less than 12.0gm/100ml for women) Jaundice is an excess bilirubin (more than 50µmol /L) content is formed, when Haemoglobin is broken down as part of the normal process of recycling old or damaged Red Blood Cells. Cataract is due to ageing, eye injury, eye disease, after using certain medications, including steroids. Introduced a paradigm of completely non-invasive, on demand diagnostic that may replace common blood based laboratory tests. With this technology, a user downloads an application onto their laptop takes a photo of his/her eyes, and instantaneously receives accurate results which is displayed directly onto their screen.

Keywords: Non-invasive method, Machine Learning, Image Processing, SVM algorithm.

Abstract: The nature of the defects present in the Bare and Assembled PCBs are entirely different and also the algorithms used for the inspection of these two boards are not common. However, the inspection of both Bare and Assembled PCB has some commonality such as image pre-processing, etc. The main objective of this paper is to develop a common Graphical User Interface so both of these algorithms can reside in the same computer resource and can decide based on the type (bare or Assembled) to identify the defects.

Keywords: Printed Circuit Board, Bare PCB Defect, Component and Solder joint defects, Graphical User Interface.

Abstract: This document gives formatting instructions for authors preparing papers for publication in the Proceedings of an International Journal. The authors must follow the instructions given in the document for the papers to be published. You can use this document as both an instruction set and as a template into which you can type your own text.

Keywords: AMBU bag, Arduino, NodeMCU, IR sensor