VOLUME 7, ISSUE 8, AUGUST 2020

Abstract: Reusing cooking oil is a common practice in India. Oxidation and hydrolysis occur when oil is heated repeatedly due to thermal decomposition. It had been suggested that consumption of repeatedly heated oil could be a health hazard. The increasing use of edible oils and fats for the preparation of fried products requires an increasingly strict control in order to maintain the quality and safety of the fried foods. Due to the knowledge that the frying process alters the chemical nature of the heated oil and its consumption represents health risks. In this study, the measurements were performed in daily frying operations of these restaurants and were analysed repeatedly for the relevance of results. The Total polar compounds and peroxide values of some collected frying oil samples from which daily frying main areas of cities were measured by standard procedures. The results showed that the total polar materials in the range of 12.24% to 22.12% and which are within the norms of codex standards. Peroxide values are in the range of 12.36 to 26.65 meq O2/kg which deviated from the Codex standard value of 10 meq O2/kg. Acid values are 0.78-5.98 in the range which deviates safety standards. The results showed degradation in the both the properties of the vegetable cooking oil after repetitive frying. The standard deviation for AV, PV and TMC are in the range of 0.16-0.32 while in case of standard mean error it is in the range of 0.09-0.18. These results provided the basis for choosing the proper rapid-measuring device to control the quality of frying oil in restaurants.

Keywords: Deep Frying Oils, Total Polar Compounds, Acid Value, Peroxide Value.

Abstract: Textile filter fabrics are an important part of the domestics and industries life, contributing to healthy environment by product purity and efficiency. Filters save energy and production costs by suitable selection of the filter for specific application. This paper implies principles of filtration in textiles, factors affecting filtration efficiency and testing methods as per American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The pore structure and permeability of filters play a major role in getting quality air, filters reduce the air pollution. The work of an air filters is to filter the dirt particles from intake air and supply cleaner air. Optimum utilization of filters can significantly reduce the cost of filters replacement frequently and keep the filters in used for longer time, this can be done by knowing the actual working condition (i.e. air flow rate and differential pressure) of the filters and select best filters which suits for that condition. In this study the main focuses are the effect of air flow rate (CFM) and differential pressure on dust concentration and performance on nonwoven filter media, the selection of the conditions (air flow rate and differential pressure) is done by simulating with air- conditioners, refrigerators and vacuum cleaners is taken under this study. A needle punched nonwoven fabric 200 and 120 GSM is used as filter and during testing filtration efficiency shows good co-relation with calculated value.as air flow rate increasing the service life of filter fabric reduces. The differential pressure decreases as filter clogs. Pressure drop is directly proportional to the temperature during filtration. It is found that the calculated service life of filter fabric helps the manufacturer to design a fabric with a better filtration efficiency and more service life. The air filtration efficiency tester designed simulates the actual working condition of filter fabric with more accuracy.

Keywords: Size of Particles, Air Velocity, Air Flow, Filtration Efficiency.

Abstract: Thermal performances of circular-fin, triangular fin and plate fin heat sink with horizontal base plate were compared in natural convection. Comparison is performed with same base plate dimensions and height of fin condition and same power input. In the work herein, steady-state natural convection heat transfer and thermal performance comparison between circular finned heat sink, triangular finned heat sink & plate finned heat from horizontally-oriented base plate is investigated. SOLIDWORKS software is used in order to develop a three-dimensional numerical model for investigation of different fin geometries effects. Results show that an alteration in fin geometry and material of the fins enhances the thermal performance of fins and reduces the weight of the fin arrays, which leads to lower manufacturing costs. The optimum spacing for maximum fin array thermal performance is found. This study suggests that the most important geometric parameter influencing the heat transfer from fin is the height of fin & also the material of the fins.

Keywords: Fin Spacing, Fin Geometries, Temperature Distribution, Height, Length, Heat Transfer Rate.

Abstract: Now days of advancing technology, street lights are the most needed requirement for a common man to commute. Street lights provide safety while a person is walking on the road. While they help a person to safely reach the destination the lights will be ON and it can be turned OFF in a smart way when there are nobody using it Currently, in the whole world, enormous electric energy is consumed by the street lights .Monitoring of street lights and controlling is of utmost importance in developing country like India to reduce the power consumption. This paper presents a street light control system which combines various technologies: a timer, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a statistics of traffic flow magnitude, a photosensitive detector (LDR), infrared photoelectric control, Light Emitting Diodes (LED), power transistors, dual relays, and wireless communication, (ZigBee). intelligent streetlight energy-saving system based on power line communication technology with RTOS. Automatic Street Light Control System Using Microcontroller, Intelligent Management of Street Lights using Internet of Things and Power Management.

Keywords: LED, Street Light Microcontroller, IOT, Zigbee )

Abstract: Artificial sand also called manufactured sand or crushed sand, the prepared by crushing rocks, stones or larger aggregates into small size particles in the quarry. Recent years, with the decrease of natural sand, the market of artificial sand shows great potential and vitality. The huge demand of the construction market has encouraged the development of the artificial sand market rapidly. Natural sand is worn out particles of rocks and are of various grades or sizes depending upon the amount of wearing. At present good sand is not readily available, it is transported from a long distance. Those resources are also exhausting very rapidly. So, it is a need of the time to find some substitute to natural sand. The Artificial sand produced by proper machines can be a better substitute to natural sand. Well graded sand is expected in the concrete. When fine particles are in proper proportion, the sand will have fewer voids. The cement quantity required will be less. Such sand will be more economical. Demand for manufactured sand for making concrete is increasing day by day as natural sand cannot meet the increasing demand of construction area. Natural sand takes number of years to form and is not replenishable. Because of its inadequate supply, the cost of Natural sand has increased and its steady supply cannot be assured. Under these situations use of Artificial sand becomes unavoidable. Natural sand in many parts of the country is not graded properly and has excessive silt and organic impurities and these can be harmful to durability of concrete whereas Artificial sand has no silt or organic impurities. In the present paper an attempt has been made to experimentally study the compressive strength of concrete cubes prepared with natural and artificial sand.

Keywords: Natural sand, Artificial sand, compressive strength, slump value.

Abstract: Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM), also known as spark machining, spark eroding, die sinking, wire burning or wire erosion, is a metal fabrication process whereby a desired shape is obtained by using electrical discharges (sparks). [1] Material is removed from the work piece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage. One of the electrodes is called the tool-electrode, or simply the tool or electrode, while the other is called the workpiece-electrode, or work piece. The process depends upon the tool and work piece not making physical contact. When the voltage between the two electrodes is increased, the intensity of the electric field in the volume between the electrodes becomes greater, causing dielectric break down of the liquid, and produces an electric arc. As a result, material is removed from the electrodes. Once the current stops (or is stopped, depending on the type of generator), new liquid dielectric is conveyed into the inter-electrode volume, enabling the solid particles (debris) to be carried away and the insulating properties of the dielectric to be restored. Adding new liquid dielectric in the inter-electrode volume is commonly referred to as flushing. After a current flow, the voltage between the electrodes is restored to what it was before the breakdown, so that a new liquid dielectric breakdown can occur to repeat the cycle.

Keywords: Titanium alloy, Material removal rate, approach, Wire-EDM.

Abstract: Oral health helps to maintain the health state of all the structures like lips, teeth, gum, tongue and palate, good oral hygiene emphasis on cleanliness and moisturizing of mouth structures. Objectives of the study is to assess the prevalence of oral problems among school children, determine the awareness of oral hygiene among school children, develop and distribute information booklet regarding prevalence of oral problem and awareness regarding oral hygiene, co-relate the prevalence of oral problems with awareness of oral hygiene among school children, find out the association between prevalence of oral problems and awareness of oral hygiene with selected sociodemographic variable. Material and Methods: Non- experimental descriptive research approach was employed descriptive design. A set of self-administered knowledge questionnaires was used to collect data. Written permission has obtained from the research ethical committee and formal written permission has also been obtained from the Principal of selected senior secondary schools The reliability of the tool was determined by using split half method and the tool was found to be highly reliable. Result: The findings reveal that 0.7% children had inadequate knowledge regarding oral hygiene, 7.0% children had moderate knowledge regarding oral hygiene, 92.3% children had adequate knowledge regarding oral hygiene. Mean Percentage Scores 46.02 and SD 6.118.

Keywords: Assess, Awareness, Oral Hygiene, Prevalence, School Children

Abstract: Systematic field investigation was made to record the solid waste and its management practices followed at Manasagangotri campus of University of Mysore, Mysore during January to March, 2020 by following standard methods. Altogether 101 different types of solid wastes were recorded. Commonly occurring solid wastes included 14 type plastic products, 13 cellulose containing paper items, 23 types of e-wastes, 18 types of metal items, 14 type of food items and 12 different fruits wastes and their percent occurrence varied considerably. However, other waste viz., dry leaves, broken buckets, wooden chairs, glass wares, table clothes and porcelain wares constituted 15.6% at different Post-Graduate Departments (PGDs) in Manasagangotri campus.The cleaning, storing and disposal of accumulated solid waste was made regularly. The Mop and Broomsticks were used 40.8% each; dust remover and vacuum cleaners wereused respectively 14.3 and 4.1% during time of need for cleaning. Dustbins (76%) and plastic bags (4%) were commonly used to store solid waste. Moreover, majority (60%) of PGDs dispose the collected solid waste every day. Further, accumulated waste was classified into biodegradable (e.g. paper, food and fruit wastes) and non-biodegradable (e.g. plastic, metal and e-waste) waste and their percent occurrence was 39 and 45.4 respectively. Available all these solid wastes are periodically disposed through proper channels after obtaining administrative sanctions by the University authorities. Besides, the dry leaves and other cellulose containing materials are recycled properly to produce organic manure amidst Manasagangotri campus. All these activities help achieve cleanliness, hygienic conditions along with greenery in and around PGDs and made the Manasagangotri campus as one of the best campuses in India in general and south India in particular. University is an apex body in the education system, to achieve quality education, clean and hygienic environment is must. In this regard, University of Mysore became model to other educational institutes in this part of the country.

Keywords: Solid waste, Management, Manasagangotri, Mysore, India.

Abstract: Stress is prevalent among medical professionals and the medical students are under significant training stress which can cause distress and influence health outcomes. The purpose of the study was to determine the gender differences in reaction to stressors in medical Education. In all, 388 male medical students and 347 from female medical students during the academic year 2014-2015 selected as a sample size for the study. The reaction to stressors measure through standardised Inventory. The result reveals that only significant differences were found in Physiological Reactions to stressors. However no significant difference of reaction to stressors was found between male and female medical students.

Abstract: Images are very often degraded by Gaussian noise during image acquisition. Gaussian noise is evenly distributed over the image and characterized by adding to each image pixel a value from a zero-mean Gaussian distribution. It is necessary to remove Gaussian noise from the image while keeping its features intact. A review of non-linear bilateral filter, trilateral filter, fast and efficient algorithm, modified fuzzy filter and fast guided filter is presented in this paper. This study shows that computational complexity and performance of filters for flat & busy regions and at edges plays vital role in overall assessment of the filter.

Keywords: Gaussian Distribution, Domain, Range, ROAD, Threshold, Weighting Coefficient.

Abstract: This is a peculiar, but unique research paper in Physics and Philosophy without including a single mathematical equation. Some of the material in the paper is from another paper titled, "An Arm-Chair Philosophy from a Physicist" published by the same author. The paper begins with the meaning of terms used in the title. The meaning of Philosophy and its history are given extensively so also the meaning of Physics and its history. The author has highlighted the meanings of Natural Philosophy and Renaissance Philosophy. Actual mini photographs of nearly 120 philosopher scientists with their scientific work in brief are given. Tables are made for each category of Natural Philosophers, Renaissance Philosophers and Philosopher Physicists and a combined graph is plotted the Period versus the number of scientists in each category. The author has included some Philosophy in the Conclusion. The reader should not miss the Epilogue which is interesting. The entire paper is almost an independent treatment by author from the past work of some researchers. As very few authors have attempted such a work in the past, the main reference for this paper is the Google Search and Wikipedia.

Keywords: History of Philosophy, History of Physics, Natural Philosophy, Physics, Pictures of over hundred Philosopher scientists, Renaissance, Renaissance Philosophy.

Abstract: Earthquake is the disturbance that happens at some depth below the ground level which causes vibrations at the ground surface. The buildings which do not designed for seismic force, may suffer extensive damage or collapse if shaken by a severe ground motion. The Pushover analysis first came into practice in 1980's, but the potential of the pushover analysis has been recognized for last two decades years. In this procedure mainly estimate the base shear and its corresponding displacement of structure. Pushover analysis is a very useful tool for the evaluation of New and existing structures. In the present study we are evaluating the behaviour of steel frame structure when it subjected to seismic forces. The method we are using to evaluate seismic performance of structure is non-linear static method which is gives the progressive behaviour of steel structure at each stage of analysis. For the study we modelled two frame structures of G+12 and G+15 respectively by using E tabs 2018. Main purpose of the study is to check the progressive failure of structure especially after elastic region by non-linear static analysis.

Keywords: Non-linear static analysis, Steel frame structure, plastic hinge formation, IS 1893:2016

Abstract: Forests are predominantly made of thick vegetation, medicinal plants and huge number of vegetation types and other forest economic products. These products boost the economy by providing food, fibre, timber and maintain a healthy environment by sequestering the carbon through regulation of gaseous and nutrient cycling. Geological landforms, climatic conditions, water regime, soil erosion are widely controlled by forest resources. Each forest type has its own uniqueness and together supports various socio-economic, ecological, cultural and spiritual functions. Forest cover is associated with other land surface features which need immediate monitoring for its sustainability. Forests management, conservation and developmental strategies are an utmost important to meet demand and supply of environmental needs for upcoming generations. The study area holds 7.8% spread of forest cover which includes open deciduous; dense/closed deciduous; forest plantations and scrub forest according to 1999 assessment of the Karnataka Forest Department. The present study aims to map forest types and it's Change Detection Analysis (CDA) from 1978 to 2019 through geospatial technology. Thematic maps are prepared using Survey of India (SoI) topomap of 1:50,000 scale; geo-rectified multi-spectral & multi-temporal satellite images of IRS-1C/1D PAN+LISS-III of 5.8m resolution and Sentinel-2A of 10m resolution. The present study reveals the change detection in forest cover of over 4 decades using geospatial techniques for sustainable management of forest goods and services.

Keywords: Forest resources; CDA; Chitradurga taluk; Geospatial Technology.

Abstract: The aim of study is to investigate the effect of seismic isolation on the seismic response of bridge components. In this study, RC T-Beam bridges with Elastomeric bridge bearing is modeled and analyzed to get the seismic response of bridge components. With reference to this, 105 bridge models with variations in bearing stiffnesses and pier heights are modeled and analyzed with help of Structural Analysis Program 2000 Software. Time history analysis of bridge is conducted for 1940 Imperial Valley earthquake ground motion record for X, Y and Z components. It is found from analysis results that the peak responses; Base shear and Acceleration decreases with the increase in the flexibility of piers and decks and also with the decrease in bearing stiffness.

Keywords: Bridge bearing, El-Centro Earthquake, FEA method, RC T-Beam Bridge, Seismic Response, Time History Analysis

Abstract: Rice is considered as a staple food in Assam and occupies about two third of total cropped area in the state. The agro climatic condition of the state is very favourable for rice cultivation and hence most of the farmers earn their livelihood through production of rice on a sustainable basis. Most of the rice cultivation in the state is done by manual transplanting method which involves a number of labourers. In order to overcome the setbacks faced due to shortage of labourers in the main cropping season, the present study was accomplished using a walk behind four row mechanical transplanter for transplanting. A comparative field study was conducted to evaluate the yield attributing characters and yield of two high yielding varieties namely Binadhan 11 and Tripura Chikan at Morigaon district of Assam. Different growth parameters and yield attributing characters like plant height, tillers per hill, panicles per meter square, total numbers of grains per panicle, filled grains per panicle, thousand grain weight, biomass yield, grain yield were recorded. From the study it was found that average plant height of Bina Dhan 11 was 112.4 cm and that of Tripura Chikan was 99.2 cm. Also, average number of tillers per hill was found to be 12 and 9 respectively for Binadhan 11 and Tripura Chikan. Average number of panicles per meter square was also recorded and it was found to be 303 and 268 for Binadhan 11 and Tripura Chikan respectively. Average of total grains per panicle for Binadhan 11 was recorded to be 137 and that of Tripura Chikan was recorded to be 331. Average of filled grains per panicle was found to be 124 and 287 for Binadhan 11 and Tripura Chikan respectively. Average of biomass yield for Binadhan 11 was found to be 12.48 kg and that of Tripura Chikan was found to be 9.94 kg. After attaining a suitable moisture level, average of total grain yield of 2.80 kg was recorded in Binadhan 11 and 2.39 kg was recorded in Tripura Chikan.

Keywords: Rice, mechanical transplanter, yield, yield attributing characters.

Abstract: Since the late 20th century, everyone is dealing with deteriorating environmental conditions, i.e. global warming and ozone depletion due to various FCs, CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs. To remove such tyrannical aspects of environmental eradication, thermoacoustic refrigeration concepts should be involved. Thermoacoustic refrigeration system may prove very useful if further exploration and analysis have done because it is harmless type of refrigeration system. Thermoacoustic Refrigerators works on the pressure waves developed due to sound and provide the cooling effect. Establishment of refrigerators based on thermoacoustic technology is an innovative solution to the contemporary and upcoming day need of cooling system, without jeopardising environment and ecosystem.

Keywords: Fin Spacing, Fin Geometries, Temperature Distribution, Height, Length, Heat Transfer Rate, Refrigeration Effect, Penetration Depths, Performance Optimisation, Environment Favourable.

Abstract: Cloud computing is a basic term in the development of computers; it is the ability to access, share a collection of sources that are owned and stored by another party over the internet. Once we have shared the information over the internet, we must consider the security problems such as confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. In this paper, we reviewed some of the security techniques in the field of the security of data stored in the cloud storage with combination with transitions issues. Also, we compare RSA, AES, MD5, BLOWFISH, and Diffie-Hellman, techniques. Then monitored and recorded the most important results obtained.

Keywords: Cloud computing, Security, Confidentiality, Integrity, Authentication.

Abstract: The virtual training enables training elements i.e. trainers and trainees to obtain the needed skills and experience through simulation of a real training process. Nowadays, there is extreme need for distance education and training due to the spread of the Covid 19 epidemic. For this reason, we proposed framework for virtual training system and made a simple evaluation to prove its efficiency and effectiveness. we conducted an interview with one lecturer and made questionnaire for 11 computer science master students. These ways can measure the return of the training and therefore enhance its quality and address some issues that the traditional training face.

Keywords: Virtual Classes, Second Life, E-training, Return of Training, E-learning, Smart Systems.

Abstract: Floating photovoltaic systems or FPV systems are gaining a rapid pace of popularity in the world as well as in India. With the cost of land taking a steep rise and an ever increasing population of the country, we need to resort to proper utilization of land and continuously look for alternatives. Floating PV plant can be installed on a fresh water body (natural or artificial) such as a lake, pond, reservoir etc. This paper will discuss the FPV Technology in brief and in length the feasibility of a FPV plant to create a solar hydro hybrid with the 2000 MW Tehri Hydroelectric Dam. Lack of waste land gives an advantage towards floating PV plant for sustainable energy production. The feasibility and capacity analysis check is an original idea of the paper. A 2000 MW Floating PV plant in Tehri Reservoir will increase the installed capacity of Tehri Hydro Dam by 100%. This PV plant will produce 3125 GWh of energy annually while generating/saving Rs 1575 crores/year. It will also help us save 75700 million liters of water as a result of reduced evaporation, while also reducing CO2 emissions by 2.935 million tonnes annually. It is expected that the research work carried out in this paper will be beneficial to the energy sector towards creation of more hybrid plants and contribute to sustainable energy production.

Keywords: Floating PV plant; Reduce CO2 emissions; reduce water evaporation; sustainable energy production; solar energy; hybrid power plants.

Abstract: For the growth of the country it is important to identify the factor which is responsible. In our study on innovation we found out eight barriers of innovation for SMEs which are modelled using ISM approach. In our result customer response and corruption was top rated barrier. While Taxation was bottom rated barrier further these factors were classified on their driving power and dependency power.

Keywords: Innovation, barriers, ISM, Modeling, SMEs etc.

Abstract: The semantic content of an image in different styles has been difficult image processing task. A major limiting factor for previous approaches has been the lack of image representations that explicitly represent semantic in formation and thus, allow separating image content from style. Image representations derived from Convolutional Neural Networks optimized for object recognition, which make high-level image information explicit. Introduce a Neural Algorithm of Artistic Style that can separate and recombine the image content and style of natural images. The algorithm allows producing new images of high perceptual quality that combine the content of an arbitrary photograph with the appearance of numerous well-known artworks. Results provide new insights into the deep image representations learned by Convolutional Neural Networks and demonstrate their potential for high-level image synthesis manipulation.

Keywords: Image Reconstruction, Neural Network, Image representation, Visualization, Convolutional Neural Networks, Image Style Transfer, Starry Night Style, Waves Style, La Muse Style, Neural Style Transfer

Abstract: As concrete is one of the most important building materials, it is commonly used in structural engineering. Owing to growing demand for traditional construction materials, there is a need to produce alternative building materials. In recent years waste management has been one of the important subjects, extensive research is being conducted to use the same in the building industry. Various operations to replace the Coarse aggregate were carried out. In this case extended beads of polystyrene were used to partly and fully replace Coarse aggregate. As lightweight concrete compressed polystyrene beads are helpful. It the the dead load, the self-weight and primarily improvises a structure's thermal insulating property. Biodegradable material compared to plastic, including polystyrene in building allows some waste disposal. Concrete is considered to be lightweight as it ranges from 160-1920 kg / m3 in mass. Polystyrene concrete has a greater effect on the environment of building, with decreased concrete density and limited necessary weight. The average volume of coarse aggregate is offset by the polystyrene beads in this factory. Fresh concrete properties were tabulated, with and without the inclusion of polystyrene beads. Measurement of workability, mass, compressive force, crack tensile strength for the cubes and cylinders with and without cement coating. For conventional beams and polystyrene beams flexural strength is calculated.

Keywords: OPC 53 Grade Cement, Conventional Beam, Polystyrene Beam, Flexural Strength Test.

Abstract: In the past, the fibre was extracted manually by scraping away the pulpy matter with a blunt knife. Sometimes, leaves were cut longitudinally into thin ribbons and immersed in water till the pith matter was separated from the fibre. After retting, the fibre was washed and dried in the sun. Sometimes sisal leaves were boiled in water and beaten to remove the pithy matter from fibre, which was then washed and dried. The focus of the project is to design and fabricate a sisal fibre extracting machine which is operated by an electric motor to extract fibres from sisal leaf. Thus, the aim of the project is to develop a machine which yields good quality of fibre to increase the productivity and also to encourage small scale industries to use this machine instead of old-time consuming methods.

Keywords: Sisal, Fiber, Extraction, Electric motor.

Abstract: The Euphrates river in Iraq face a challenge of receiving a verity of pollutants, mainly come from wastes discharged into the river. Although industrial effluents and drainage from farm lands impose considerable pollution load, effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants represent an effective source of pollution to the Euphrates. The study area of this paper was selected as 12.55 km long of the Euphrates River of the branch "Shatt Al-Kufa" just downstream Kufa city within Najaf Governorate in the middle of Iraq. Upper and lower boundaries of the study area were water monitoring stations belong to the Iraqi Ministry of Water Resources. The upper (upstream) boundary was Kufa Station, while the lower (downstream) boundary was Manathera Station. Water temperature, pH and electric conductivity (EC) were measured in the field. Water samples collected daily from the river at the two stations (Kufa and Manatherah) along three intervals as 23-30 April 2019, 1-7 July 2019 and 10-18 November 2019, and tested in lab for total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solid (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical Oxygen demand BOD5, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulphate (SO4), Nitrite (NO2), Nitrate (NO3) and phosphate (PO4). Observations were made at dates 23rd April, 1st July and 10th November 2019 for some aspects of aquatic life like plants, fish and amphibians. According to results and observations of this study, the effluent of Kufa wastewater treatment plant had a slight local effect on some water quality parameters of the Euphrates river like EC, TDS, BOD5, DO, PO4, SO4, NO2 and NO3 that affected some aspects of aquatic life downstream the discharge point of the plant. Some kinds of fish like Sharpeyi Barbus, Barbus xanthoptrrus, Barbus grypus, luteus Barbus and Liza abu were observed with lower number just downstream the effluent discharge point.

Keywords: Impact, Water Pollution, Aquatic, Euphrates.