VOLUME 4, ISSUE 2, FEBRUARY 2017

Abstract: Secret sharing approach and in particular Visual Cryptography (VC) try to address the security issues in dealing with images. In fact, VC is a powerful technique that combines the notions of perfect ciphers and secret sharing in cryptography. VC takes an image (secret) as an input and encrypts (divide) into two or more pieces (shares) that each of them can not reveal any information about the main input. The decryption way in this scenario is done through superimposing shares on top of each other to receive the input image. No computer participation is required, thus showing one of the distinguishing features of VC. It is claimed that VC is a unique technique in the sense that the encrypted message can be decrypted directly by the human visual system.

Keywords: Visual cryptography, secret sharing, image encryption, secure communications.

Abstract: Media has important and influential roles in lives of individuals and communities in modern era, as it can show the negative effects that complicate the development process in developed high society and nations as well. It can also take a role of taking the initiative to put forward plans to raise human knowledge in operations cognitive and behavioural awareness, which in turn leads to the growth of society in general. Now ,the world has a set of problems that surround the environment, resources and energy, man abusing these ground sources all these things make the development of a humanitarian issue urgent and indispensable for many peoples of the world, especially for the developing peoples or least-developed and comes the role of the media in achieving sustainable development through the entrance to the dissemination and adoption of ideas the new and the entrance to prioritize the public about development issues.

Keywords: Sustainable development, SDGs, Web Application, Domain Name System (DNS), Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

Abstract: E-commerce is the utilization of electronic communications and digital information processing technology in business transactions between or among organizations, and between individuals and organizations. This aim of the project is to design and implementation the site that enables the customers to accessible site through the Internet using a personal computer to purchase any model of cars available at any time, which contributes to reduce the time, effort and cost. The PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) language was used to build the website and the database build by using My SQL (structured Query Language), to provide a secure website.

Keywords: E-commerce, web site, cars, vehicles.

Abstract: Six sigma tools appear to be quite effective for monitoring the quality of Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC). Quality function deployment (QFD) is such a Six sigma tool which can prove to be very effective for monitoring the performance of RMC. Customer satisfaction is a very important component for RMC plants to maintain its quality and reputation. Thus Voice of Customer (VoC) which is a part of QFD deserves to have a special focus in formulation of QFD model. QFD process can be integrated with available statistical process control tools like CUSUM with v-mask, RACUSUM and MVCUSUM to develop a more robust methodology for quality and performance monitoring of RMC. This paper is an attempt to develop a QFD model which is customised to monitor the quality of RMC by giving priority towards customer requirements and satisfaction. Case studies of two RMC plants in Ahmedabad region of Gujarat, India have been considered for this research work. It is observed that for all the RMC plants there is an urgent need to establish a "customer care unit" which can address the issues of the customers and communicate the problems to the respective departments for quick and early action.

Keywords: Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Six sigma, Performance monitoring, Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC).

Abstract: Today there is need of alternate fuel for day today life. Fuel prices are increasing rapidly and environment get polluted from the emission of hazardous gases from fuel sources. Shortage of the fuel is expected from consumption. Hence there is need of reduce the emission of gases like CO, SO2, NOx, which are hazardous to nature. The main objective of this project is to develop pollution free engine which fulfill the fuel requirement. The working principle of electromagnetic engine is based on magnetic attraction and repulsion phenomenon i.e. Magnetic repulsion between same pole and attraction between different pole. This principle moves piston TDC to BDC and vice versa.

Keywords: CO-Carbon Monoxide, SO2- Sulfur Dioxide, NOx-Nitrogen Oxide, TDC-To Dead center, BDC-Bottom Dead Center.

Abstract: Concrete, one of the maximum consumed and extensively used, as a principal construction material in the world with a vital role in the construction field due to its abundant advantages such as strength, durability, easy of fabrication, non- combustibility properties, it possesses over other construction materials. During recent years due to its added advantages over standard concrete, the use of high strength concrete for construction has become common, especially for multistoried structures, bridges and high rise buildings etc. As the cost of concrete is high and in of view of economy, now a day's fly ash is being used in construction replacing by mass of cement. The characteristic compressive strength of concrete is being used in design of structures, use of this value is a problem since the control specimen sizes and shapes are varying from country to country. In India, the characteristic compressive strength is usually measured based on 150 mm cubes, whereas the ACI code of practice specifies the design compressive strength based on the standard 150 x300 mm cylinder in the design of reinforced structures. In this context the size and shape of concrete is an important parameter for the compressive strength, which necessitates the study of effect of size and shape of the specimen. Hence in this study different sizes and shape of specimens are prepared cured and tested in compression at an age of 7, 28, 56 and 91 days.

Keywords: Compressive strength, fly ash, high strength concrete, cement.

Abstract: A social networking service is an online platform that is used by people to build social networks or social relations with other people who share similar personal or career interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections. It plays a major role in our society. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Maintaining privacy has a major problem, our proposed system provides additional security to the social network which is achieved by using Adaptive Privacy Policy Prediction (A3P).This system provides the privacy setting for the user. The features are selecting friend from friend list, follower request, news feed filtering, block the person and send the notification to the user when the violation is found. Our solution relies on an image classifies which may be related with similar policies, and on a policy prediction algorithm to automatically generate a policy for all the image, also according to users' social features.

Keywords: Networking Service, Policy Prediction, Filtering, Policy mining..

Abstract: The desertion work describes the mechanical properties of new polymer composites consists of carbon fiber reinforcement, epoxy resin and filler materials like Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2 ), Silicon Carbide (Sic), Granite Powder, Aerosil (Fumed Silica) and Coremat. The fabrication method used was conventional hand lay-up technique. The mechanical tests carried out were Tensile Test, Hardness Number and 3-P Bending Test. The Tensile Test gave the results for Tensile Strength, Tensile Modulus & Strain. The Bending Test gave results for Flexural Strength, Flexural modulus &Interlaminar shear strength. The test result have shown that higher the filler material volume percentage greater the strength for ZrO2, Sic, Granite Powder, Aerosil and Coremat filled carbon epoxy composites.

Keywords: Carbon-Epoxy, Zirconium Oxide, Silicon Carbide, Granite powder, Aerosil (Fumed Silica), Coremat.

Abstract: Customized door lock system is a replacement to the traditional mechanical locks which most of the houses used earlier. This locking system using Arduino is a electro-mechanical device designed in a software with an ease for the user to set and reset the password of their own choice whenever necessary.

Keywords: Arduino UNO, Digital Door Lock, Interfacing with LCD, Programming in C.

Abstract: One of the most important challenges of on-site partial discharge measurement is to capture the original signal in a noisy environment. The different sources of noise which includes thermal or resister noise added by the measuring circuit, signals due to electromagnetic interferences. Sophisticated and proper methods are required to detect and measured the partial discharge signals. Fortunately, due to the advancement in the analog to digital conversion techniques, signals can be easily captured with the help of interfacing devices. The signal can be extracted and converted into Excel sheets. This paper deals with de-noising of partial discharge signals during the breakdown phenomena in solid dielectrics. Several techniques are investigated and applied to the captured partial discharge signals. For the enhancement the insulation quality of the dielectric media, diagnosis plays a very important role in a power system. For diagnostic test such as detection, location and identification are used to find defects or faults and assess the ageing degree of the dielectric material. Wavelet Transform technique used to suppress a noise from partial discharge signal requires reasonable mother wavelet, amount of scales and thresholds to produce its best result. Results indicate that this technique not only attain better dancing effect, but also improve the sensitivity of partial discharge detection.

Keywords: Partial Discharge (PD), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Noise rejection, Signal denoising, Signal extraction.

Abstract: There is no denying the fact that, there is an increasing call for scientists and engineers to engage with the public more and more through mass media for sustainable development. The scenario of India is somehow different form the global scenario. Whether science journalism is one of the numerous casualties in the media meltdown in India is the most pertinent question of the last decade of 21st century. The overall goal of the study was to provide evidence for funding organisations, universities and other research institutions on which they can base a workable system to reward scientists for their efforts to engage with the public. The study involved a survey of research scientists in higher-education institutes and interviews with a cross section of respondents and other relevant parties and hence 83 scientific-research institutes had been chosen throughout India. This study also includes to find the active participation of the scientists through scientific articles, regular columns, post-editorials, letters to the editor etc and hence 8 major circulated newspapers from 8 metro cities were chosen. There is a great need of policy which enable a higher proportion of younger scientists to get involved in public engagement and the need to reward public engagement activity in the career progression of scientists.

Keywords: Mass media, Sustainable development, Science communication, Media meltdown, Post editorials.

Abstract: In this paper, we presented a vehicle tracking system using GPS modem and GSM module and locking it down using remote mobile accessing. The system is designed to provide security to vehicle owners from theft and unauthorized access. The system performs multiple operations which include:-When an unauthorized person tries to gain access of your vehicle, the information is analyzed using sensors and transmitted to user through GSM. The coordinates of the location of vehicle are sent via GPS. The controlling of vehicle is done through microcontroller. The doors of the vehicles and accelerator pedal are locked down when reading instructions from the user. The speed of the motor is gradually reduced and comes to a halt. By using the control concepts listed in the paper number of control features can be implemented in the same fashion.

Keywords: GPS, GSM, sensors, Speed control, Tracking, Vehicle locking, Vehicle control.

Abstract: Over a century, human beings have consumed this easily available finite resource very inefficiently. This increasing energy consumption based on fossil reserves has resulted in financial instability, climate change, major depletion of the reserves, and political turmoil in the world. Initially generation of electricity from large power plants was encouraged; because it was considered to be more efficient than a large numbers of small dispersed power plants. Because of this trend in development along with depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the associated widespread environmental pollution, it has become urgent to find energy alternatives that are cost effective, sustainable and environment friendly. Renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, hydro and biomass provide energy security and will play an important role in the future to supply increasing global energy demand. Research and development in renewable energy technologies confirm that renewable energy sources are undoubtedly sustainable and that green technologies can shift global dependence away from fossil fuels.

Keywords: Microgrid, Optimization, Solar, Wind.

Abstract: As the nonrenewable energy sources is about to end, future of human energy needs is in renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro etc). Solar energy are using all over the globe at micro as well as utility scale. A wide variety of tools exist for the analysis and dimensioning of both Grid connected and stand-alone photovoltaic systems. System designers and installers use simpler tools for sizing the PV system. Mostly scientists and engineers typically use more involved simulation tools for optimization. In present study design, optimization of a grid connected solar power plant at commercial rooftop as well as on utility scale in INDIA is to be discussed. Design, simulation, Optimization is going on simulation facility like PVSYST.

Keywords: PVSYST, panel, tilt, field type.

Abstract: The objective of this project is to design, build and be able to present a mechanism that will produce ac power using the mechanical energy produced by a person pedalling a standard bicycle. Also we would like to be able to show the user and the audience the advantage of using fluorescent bulbs, and in doing so, make more conscience of energy saving products. The crucial part of this project is being able to take the variable DC voltage that is produced by the variable pedalling speed and converting it to a stable 12V DC output that can be converted to AC power through an inverter.

Keywords: Alternator, Inverter, Battery charging, Transformer.

Abstract: A wireless sensor system is a system that provide and utilising any number of sensor modules, any number of communication devices, The sensor modules have sensors for sampling data, and wirelessly transmit data to their corresponding communication device, and receive transmission instructions from the same. This project present an introduction to wireless sensor system, Types of sensors and describe its working in general form. Next presents a design of wireless system for sensor temperature. The main purpose of this research is to design a model forreading and measuring temperature signals. The system reads data from sensor and then transfer it to the computer to be read in MATLAB program.

Keywords: Sensor, TMP36, XBee Module, Temperature Wireless Sensor.

Abstract: The induction motors are predominant in industrial applications. The motor runs on three phase supply and an acceptable temperature maintain the loads at desired conditions. But if any phase goes missing or there is increase in the temperature of the windings it damages the motor. Therefore, this project helps to provide protection to the industrial motors by removing the power to the motor immediately if any of the phases misses out of the three phases, or if the temperature of the motor exceeds the threshold value. Thus, this project is to develop an induction motor protection system for protecting the motor from any damages occurring from single phasing and over temperature conditions.

Keywords: single-phasing, over temperature, op-amp, comparator.

Abstract: Simplest type of gear is well known as spur gear. Spur gears have a wide variety of applications. These are most commonly applicable in auto motives. The failure of gears occurs when the working stress exceeds the maximum permissible stress. Contact stress analysis between two spur gear teeth was considered in different contact positions representing a pair of mating gears during rotation. These stresses are proportional to the amount of power transmitted while the design could offer favorable or adverse conditions for generation of the same. This project intends to identify the magnitude of the stresses for a given configuration of a two wheeler gear transmitting power while trying to find ways for reducing weight of the gear. The philosophy for driving this work is the lightness of the gear for a given purpose while keeping intact its functionality. The process constraints for manufacturing the gear also needs to be considered while recommending alternative/s. Ease of incorporating the new feature for weight reduction over the existing process of manufacturing and the magnitude of volume of mass (or weight) reduced could be considered as the key parameters for assessment for this work. This study will focus on the weight optimization of the two wheeler gear set, keeping the torque transmitting capacity intact, thus reducing the material cost of the gear.

Keywords: GFRP, Composite Material, Weight Reduction, Vibration Frequencies.

Abstract: An industrial waste lignin was modified by esterification using acetic acid. The modified lignin (ML) was blended upto 50 wt% with cellulose acetate. The blends were prepared by solution blending method. The thermal properties and miscibility of cellulose acetate (CA) and modified lignin (ML) blends were investigated by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) over the entire range of composition. Although the modified lignin shifts the onset of CA decomposition to lower temperatures, the CA/ML blends are thermally more stable than CA over the wider temperature range. The TGA results suggest all blends are compatible. These results correlate well with the glass transition temperature (Tg) data where single Tg has been obtained for all these blends. There is a slight decrease in Tg as the lignin wt% increase in blends, where in (70/30) composition shows higher value than CA. No phase separation was found in SEM images of blends. The FTIR analysis revealed the formation of blending between cellulose acetate and modified lignin.

Keywords: Cellulose acetate, Modified lignin, Thermal stability, DSC, SEM, FTIR.

Abstract: C2C e-commerce plays an important role in modern economy. But in this type of business there can have different advantages or disadvantages or lack of transparency. In this paper I have tried to show an emerging 3rd party or website or facilitator and tried to estimate the performance.

Keywords: transparency, facilitator, credit card, dispute, volunteer action.

Abstract: The crane has become the inseparable part of the construction industries there are numbers of cranes. But in India tower crane is been use generally and if we use it properly we can complete our task within time period but there factor which affect the working of tower cranes and leads to delay in work and hamper the economy of the project. So to overcome it we have to optimize the use of tower crane by reducing the hurdle in it. So the factor which causes obstruction in utilization of tower crane is identified which environmental factor, safety management factor, Human factor and project condition this are the four main factor which affect the crane working and there many sub factor too. To find it out we have done the questionnaire survey. And mark the response on 1 to 5 scales and then we have done the analysis on it. In this study we identified the factor which affect the efficiency of the tower crane and rank them accordingly.

Keywords: Environmental Factor, Safety Management Factor, Human Factor and Project Condition, Tower Crane.

Abstract: Education Technology, in the early stages, can modify the curriculum to meet the learning situations and student life. Alternatives to traditional educational methods also provides lectures and promote higher education. For example, the new technology eliminates the spatial and temporal constraints, students and teachers do not need to be in the same row, or even within the same region, to exchange information or educational material, but can be anywhere without impeding their work. Moreover, the reduced operating costs for schools and universities, where they can provide all subjects using cheap technology, through the mail this project screens, and the aim of our study: first, to understand the benefits of learning through mobile devices (learn mobile), and second, to provide analysis of principles and patterns of mobile design and interface and tactics to solve the mobile joint development problems, and the third, to produce a new learning of the application, based on the results of this study, which provides direct contact between students and teachers. In order to establish these contacts, forms poll view the applications that can host various questions with the answer choices. The use of opinion polls also can quickly gather student responses and display the results on mobile devices screens.

Keywords: M-learning, E-learning, Mobile application.

Abstract: Aeromycoflora of Dnyanganga Wild Life sanctuary of Buldhana studied with the help of Petriplate method. Total 250 fungal colonies represented 15 fungal species were observed during the present investigation period. Environmental factor play an important role for the distribution of the fungal spores. The fungal species were Cladosporium, Alternaria, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia, Rhizopus, Trichoderma species were observed. It is found that maximum percentage contribution is observed for Cladosporium, followed by Aspergillusniger, A. flavus, A fumigates. On the contrary, minimum percentage contribution is observed for Aspergillusnidulans. Spores are released into the environment from fungi growing as saprophytes or parasites. Saprophytes are fungi that grow on dead or decaying organic matter in the soil or elsewhere in the environment. Parasites, on the other hand, infect living host plants. Fungal spore concentrations outdoors are usually high in the late summer or fall.

Keywords: Dnyanganga, Environmental, Cladosporium, Saprophytes, Fungal, summer, etc.

Abstract: Image segmentation is a very tough technical process in the field of image processing. It is mandatory to go for the pre-processing before actual identification and segregation of ROI in MRI. Edge detection is based on the identification of the bounadries on the basis of similar brightness level and continuity of some pattern in the pixels. It is not possible to separate the some segment without applying the pre-processing of the image. . The applications of medical image segmentation are 3D reconstruction and quantitative analysis. Our experiment uses the MRI because this type of images give the most reliable image of the internal human organs like brain.. In this paper, the common problems of the image segmentation are explored and a novel method of image detection has been used.The classical image segmentation methods have been discussed for example gradient based operators were used usedfor edge detection, but these methods could deliver in the noisy surroundings. In the medical applications, the precision cannot be compromised with. To overcome these difficulties, we have proposed Canny edge detection technique prior to Non-Local Fuzzy C-Means Clustering technique for the segmentation. Quantifying brain structures in such large databases cannot be practically accomplished by expert neuroanatomists using hand-tracing. Rather, this research will depend upon automated methods that reliably and accurately segment and quantify large number of brain regions. At present, there is little guidance available to help clinical research groups in choosing such tools. This work is targeted to find out and establish more reliable segmentation technique as compared to expert hand tracing. The proposed approach consistently gives better results for various noise levels in the image compared to the reference schemes. This method is used for detecting brain region based on their energy function. In order to compare between them, one slice of MRI image tested with these methods. The traditional and proposed edge detection algorithms are implemented in MATLAB and results of proposed method are presented and compared with traditional approach. [1]

Keywords: Edge detection, Brain MRI images, Canny edge detector, manual tracing, neuroanatomists, Segmentation, Robust Fuzzy C-means clustering (RFCM), image segmentation, non-local, brain tissue.

Abstract: The e-Learning occupies a high interest in the international universities and academic institutes and given priority by departments in those educational institutions, what we are watching in Iraq with the development of information , communications, wireless networking technology and multimedia push in the direction of the adoption of e-Learning, where it could provide students with learning and knowledge by employing these technologies and continuous manners, regarding less time and place through the delivery, organizing educational materials electronically, so Iraqi student can review and learn from them, either side by side and directly with a lecturer, or through distance learning.[1] As long as the e-Learning is a form of distance learning, so it can be considered as a way to teach using the modern communication mechanisms, such as computers (of all kinds: personal, clients, servers) and networks and multimedia and Internet web applications to deliver information to students as soon as possible and less expensive and to enable the educational process to be management, arrangement, measuring and evaluating their performance. So from the above shows the importance of creating an electronic network for Iraqi universities and academic institutes that accommodates all abilities available to them to provide appropriate environments of software with tools, devices and mechanisms of linking to the environment according to the features of each device and its mission and its location within the network, taking into consideration the possibility of the development of specifications of the devices and probability of Network expansion in the future.[2]

Keywords: LMS (Learning Management System), LCMS (Learning Content Management System), SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model), SAN(storage area network), CCTV (closed circuit television), RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux), SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), ECBF(Explicit, Compressed, Beam forming), WebCT (Web Course Tools).

Abstract: The field of socially assistive robotics is growing but has not yet been properly defined and circumscribed. There has been significant attention given to and great progress made in contact assistive robotics. Currently, there is no clear definition of robots that provide assistance through interaction and without physical contact, namely socially assistive robotics. Assistive robots in smart home environments have been suggested as possible cost-effective care solutions to demographic changes characterized by an increasingly elderly population. The vision is that service robots are available in the home to help and assist elderly residents. This paper proposes a smart home companion robot - CYBORG. This robot can be used to save power to switch off unnecessary lights. It can be used as an alarm to remind the family members about important activities. It will also help people clean their homes and water plants. The key feature is that the interface for all the functions will be simple allowing elderly people or their relatives make the robot learn activities in the smart home and teach it to carry out behaviours in response to these activities. This mechanism provides support, assistance and active engagement over time along with personalization.

Keywords: Assistive Robot, CYBORG, Smart Home, personalization.

Abstract: Unmanned moving vehicles are nowadays largely used in environment monitoring system. In order to identify the leakage of gas in a housing area or an industry or in an agricultural area, it can be easily monitored and detected by the sensors that are embedded on a moving vehicle. A remote controlled vehicle is used in the proposed system. With help of camera attached to this the area where hazardous gas leakage can be identified. In case of emergency like fire explosion in some other area the vehicle can be manually moved to that location. The information about the gas leakage is transferred through ZIGBEE. GPS is used to trace the location where leakage has happened. The leakage of harmful gas in agricultural area, housing area and industrial area can be detected more accurately.

Keywords: Unmanned moving vehicle, ZIGBEE, GPS, Gas Detection.

Abstract: Internet of the future known as the "Internet of Things" (IOT) is a global web of things that are uniquely addressable based on standard protocols. In the recent past years we have seen many technological evolution like the transition from the analog world into its digital world and from centralized wired to distributed and then into pervasive wireless systems. In our everyday lives wireless sensor networks are increasing tremendously. Applications such as control networks, enhanced-living scenarios, health-care, industrial and production monitoring and in many other sectors are growing widely. Wireless sensor network likely to be integrated into "Internet of Things" and the sensors nodes connects internet dynamically in order to cooperate and achieve their tasks. In this paper, we appraise various methods to combine WSNs into the Internet and shape a set of challenges in the upcoming future.

Keywords: Networks, Internet of Things, Internet, Security, wireless sensor networks (WSN).

Abstract: PbTiO3 nanoparticles were prepared at low temperatures using the sol-gel auto combustion method. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of single phase tetragonal structure without any impurity phases. Using XRD data we have calculated lattice constant (a and c), unit cell volume (V), X-ray density (ρx), bulk density (ρB), porosity (P%) and average crystallite size (t) was calculated. The average crystallite size (D) was found to be ~42 nm. The polarization versus electric field (P-E) loops showed a well saturated hysteresis loop at room temperature confirming the ferroelectric nature of the prepared sample.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, sol-gel, PbTiO3, ferroelectric.

Abstract: Cd-doped PbO is an inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle, was successfully synthesized by a simple microwave assisted solvothermal method. The prepared sample was characterized by using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Using PXRD pattern, the average crystallite size was calculated as 74.09 nm. The morphology of the prepared Cd-doped PbO powdered sample was analyzed by the SEM micrograph. FTIR is a technique used to measure the vibrational frequencies of bonds in the molecule. Band gap of the Cd-doped PbO nanoparticle found using Tauc plots. PL emission spectrum of Cd-doped PbO nanoparticle was investigated. The emission spectrum revealed a blue emission.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Powder technology, Structural, Optical materials and properties.

Abstract: Dynamic an e- library is a library in which books are saved in electronic formats and attainable via computers. The e-content may be stocked locally, or arrival remotely through computer networks. An e- library is a form of information retrieval system. In the database of library, information are usually managed, collected and categorized in a way to ensure facility of access. The language was used to build e-library web application is PHP (PHP Hypertext Processor) language, and built the database by using MySQL (Structured Query Language). In this web application, the CPanel (Control Panel) of the web application used to evolve secure and dynamic web application, and to improve the Characteristics of web application.

Keywords: Library Website, Library Management, Electronic Library, Library Searching Website.

Abstract: Capillary tubes are used as expansion device in low capacity refrigeration machines like domestic refrigerators and window type air conditioners. The advantages of the capillary tube over other expansion devices are simple, inexpensive and cause compressor to start at low torque as the pressure across the capillary tube equalize during the off-cycle. The ?ow characteristics of refrigerants through capillary tubes have been studied extensively in past six decades, both experimentally and analytically, most of these studies mainly focused on straight capillary tubes. In this thesis, the effects of the relevant parameters on the flow characteristic of R134a and R-22 flowing through adiabatic helical capillary tubes were experimentally studied. The capillary tubes' diameter, coil diameter, and parameters relating to flow conditions such as inlet pressures and degree of sub cooling were the major parameters investigated. In this thesis, the CFD analysis is to determine the heat transfer rate, pressure drop, velocity, mass flow rate and heat transfer coefficient for the fluids R134A and R-22 with different tube and coil diameters. Thermal analysis is to determine the temperature distribution and heat flux for copper and aluminum as tube materials.3D modeling is done pro-engineer and analysis is done in ANSYS software.

Keywords: finite element analysis, capillary tube, refrigerants, heat transfer rate.

Abstract: In this paper, we presented a railway track crack detection patrolling vehicle. Indian railway has one of the world's largest railway networks comprising 92,081 km (57,216 mi) of track over a route of 66,687 km (41,437 mi) and 7,216 stations.So,manualinspectionand detecting a crack on these railways tracks is very tedious process and consumes lot of time and human resource. This paper proposes a cost effective solution to the problem of railway track crack detection utilizing IR sensor array assembly which tracks the exact location of faulty track, then inform to nearby railway station through short messaging application, so that many lives will be saved. There are many advantages with this system when compared with the traditional detection techniques. It includes less cost, low power consumption and less analysis time.

Keywords: ZIGBEE transmitter and receiver, Micro-controller, IR Sensor, Track, LCD.

Abstract: Presence of high concentration of toxic elements in drinking water causes serious health problems. Ground and Rain water is the prime sources of drinking water in the almost areas of Churu district. Ground water in areas of Rajgarh tehsil in churu district is contaminated with high concentration of chloride, fluoride, arsenic, nitrate, etc natural elements. These elements play important role in health care. Fluorosis is a main health issue occurs due to use of fluoride contaminated ground water. The high concentration (>1.5-3mg/l) of fluoride ion in drinking water mainly effect on bone and teeth problems. Nitrate derived from oxidation of nitrogen is also cause of pollution in ground wate. Nitrate can undergo endogenous reduction to nitrite and nitrosation of nitrites can form N-nitroso compounds that are potent carcinogens and affect the health of people in the area. Excess concentration of nitrites causes diarrhea and blue baby syndrome in children. The aim of the present study is to understand the contamination level of, fluoride, chloride and nitrate, alkalinity, hardness and TDS of drinking water and their effects in people of Rajgarh tehsil. A total 28 samples of ground water were collected from different areas tehsil. After analysis of samples, it was observed that chemical constituents of ground water were not as per the permissible ranges of world health organization.
Key words: Rajgarh, gound water fluoride, Nitrate, Chloride, Alkalinity, Hardness, TDS etc.