VOLUME 4, ISSUE 4, APRIL 2017

Abstract: This paper investigates the improvements in business process in some engineering industries after applying the Product life cycle management (PLM) system. In addition to this the prospective trend is also analysed. Some case studies are used to perceive the transformation in business. Case studies indicate a robust association between application of PLM and business process growth. This is recognized as apparent gain for their use in engineering industries

Keywords: PLM, business process, case studies, engineering industries.

Abstract: A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy converter that converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. Among the various types of fuel cells, the present review focusses on Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). High energy conversion efficiencies, quick start-up and zero by-product emissions are the key advantages of PEMFCs. Main components of PEMFCs are Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL), bipolar plates and so on. This paper mainly reviews and summarizes research carried out on proton exchange membrane fuel cells in the past six years (2010 to 2016). For ease and clarity of presentation, the present review is divided into experimental, numerical, combined experimental and numerical, and studies on some of the reviews on fuel cell. The paper also lists conclusions and suggestions for future work.

Keywords: Fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plate.

Abstract: Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of underground space in them. In this paper we will study the impact of disturbances caused by underground structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in aquifers. Impervious structures modify the groundwater flow pattern because the structure reduces totally or partially the aquifer section

Keywords: Barrier effect, foundation, groundwater, tunnels, piles.

Abstract: Chlorofluorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerants have been widely used in conventional cooling systems and in vehicle air conditioning. Major commercial refrigerant, Chloro-fluoro carbons (CFCs), are going to be phase out shortly as part of Montreal Protocol since they caused the phenomenon called greenhouse effect and depletion of ozone layer. In the case of automobiles approximately 10% of the energy available at the crankshaft in a gasoline/diesel operated vehicle is used for operating the compressor of the vehicle's air -conditioning system. This is a huge loss if one takes into account the fact that the thermal efficiencies of most gasoline/diesel operated vehicles range from 20-30% when in pristine condition. The bottom line is that a great deal of fuel is consumed for air conditioning. In addition to this is the refrigerant usually R12 or R22 leaks easily. Being a secondary refrigerant, it is also harmful to the environment. Therefore, due to adsorption air-conditioning technology attracted much attention recently as an alternative solution its advantage of environmental friendliness. This system as it powered by waste heat can help to reduce required energy and thermal pollution. In this paper, an exploration has been done to research the possibility of waste heat recovery and its subsequent utilization in air conditioning system of a vehicle.

Keywords: Engine Waste Heat-Air Conditioning System-Adsorption cooling-Adsorber bed-Desorption.

Abstract: Interferometry is an optical non-intrusive technique becoming increasingly popular in the flow and heat transfer visualisation and measurement. In the present study, experimental investigation on heat transfer properties of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nano fluids using Michelson Interferometry has been carried out. The temperature, at a reference point in the Nano fluid, is recorded by a thermocouple placed at a known distance from the heat source. Interference patterns are captured by a camera and analysed using an image processing tool in MATLAB software. From the observations, it is pellucid that the change of fluid temperature in one path of the coherent laser beam results in the deformation of the interference pattern. Comparison of initial and deformed fringe patterns using digital image processing technique, the temperature distribution near the heat source has been obtained. Recorded interferograms are to be quantitatively analysed to retrieve two dimensional temperature fields. Real time evolution of thermal boundary layers as a function of concentration of Nano fluids is to be recorded in order to understand the plausible role of Nano particle in the heat transfer enhancement.

Keywords: Nano fluids, heat transfer, interferometry, temperature.

Abstract: Geosynthetic reinforcement are placed in soil below footings in order to improve the bearing capacity and to improve the properties of weak soil. In general, soils possess a low tensile strength. The main objective of strengthening the soil mass is to increase bearing capacity improve stability and decreased settlements and lateral deformations. One of the approaches is the use of polymeric materials. Geosynthetic is a well-known technique in soil reinforcement. In almost every application, the common trend is to place the reinforcement in horizontal layers. Theoretically, for the reinforcement to be effective, it must pass through the tensile arc. Hence the ideal pattern for reinforcement will be horizontal below the footing and becomes progressively more vertical further away from the footing. This paper presents the results of finite element analyses carried out to evaluate the effect of pattern of reinforcement on the axial forces on geogrid and stress distribution at the interface of geogrid and sand. The results of finite element analyses are validated by carrying out a series of Laboratory Scale Load Tests. It is observed that the pattern of reinforcement significantly influences the axial force on geogrid and stress distribution at the interface between sand and geogrid.

Keywords: Geosynthetic; Tensile Arc; Finite Element Analyses; Foundation Bed; Weak Soil.

Abstract: Geosynthetic reinforcement are placed in soil below footings in order to improve the bearing capacity and to improve the properties of weak soil. In general, soils possess a low tensile strength. The main objective of strengthening the soil mass is to increase bearing capacity improve stability and decreased settlements and lateral deformations. One of the approaches is the use of polymeric materials. Geosynthetic is a well-known technique in soil reinforcement. In almost every application, the common trend is to place the reinforcement in horizontal layers. Theoretically, for the reinforcement to be effective, it must pass through the tensile arc. Hence the ideal pattern for reinforcement will be horizontal below the footing and becomes progressively more vertical further away from the footing. This paper presents the results of finite element analyses carried out to evaluate the effect of pattern of reinforcement on the stresses at interface between the reinforced foundation bed and underlying weak soil. The results of finite element analyses are validated by carrying out a series of Laboratory Scale Load Tests. It is observed that the pattern of reinforcement significantly influences the stresses at interface between the reinforced foundation bed and underlying weak soil.

Keywords: Geosynthetic; Tensile Arc; Finite Element Analyses; Foundation Bed; Weak Soil.

Abstract: Cryocoolers are used for achieving temperature below 150 K. Regenerator is an essential part of cryocooler. Regenerators are made up of metallic wire meshes. The application of proper hydrodynamic and heat transfer parameters is very much important in the analysis of wire mesh regenerator using CFD. In this paper, a review on various friction factor correlations proposed for flow through regenerators under steady and steady oscillatory flow are presented. The effect of geometric and operating parameters of the flow through porous media on the friction factor correlations is discussed. The effects of porosity, frequency, charge pressure etc are discussed in detail. Selection of suitable friction factor correlation is important for determining the Darcy and Forchheimers inertial coefficients of porous media. Thus this review will help the designer to select the proper correlation for the porous media and to decide the values of above coefficients for the analysis of the regenerator using CFD.

Keywords: Cryocooler, Regenerator, wire mesh, Porous media.

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) considered as one of the most exciting and challenging research domains of our time. It have been perceived as extremely advanced and helpful technology in a variety of fields. However, WSNs suffer from many challenges and limitations, including; memory space, bandwidth, power consumption, etc. all of which impose security challenges that make this approach interesting to study. In this study, we present a study of WSNs security challenges by presenting the security requirements, classifying the types of attacks on WSNs (i.g. denial of service (DoS) attack), and illustrating security defence techniques for each type of attack. In addition, we present an Intelligent Home Monitoring System (IHMS), using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in WSN that implemented to detect intrusion at home, as an example of the WSNs security.

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs, Security of Wireless Sensor Networks, IHMS, RSSI.

Abstract: This research paper is based on Energy distribution which is fabricated for the transmission line distribution by using different technologies & sensors. This paper represent our views over power distribution system by adopting smart way to meet future energy requirement. The main purpose of this paper is to describe you how this system works, how the device which is used in this system works & how it help to power boards of nation to energy management throughout country. This is an electronic system which is implemented by the Arduino & GSM Module to give command and receive feedback. This system uses the technique of power shedding to different region of the country. This system is fully automated & able to work continuously after the detection of fault and starts route diverting of the power and recheck the tradition path is healed or not then shoot message on the register mobile number.the relay Module is started or tripped as per the command given by the Arduino UNO This system is easily implemented on the homes for the personal energy management to save their power consumption.

Keywords: Arduino, Current Sensor ACS712, Relay Module 6V & 12V, GSM Module Sim900, RTC, AC to DC Power Supply.

Abstract: For any supersonic missile, one of the most difficult task is to protect the missile's payload and internal components from the excessive heat generated during its flight due to the aerodynamic heating on missile surface. This can be done by applying a thermal barrier coating over missile surface. The performance of any supersonic missile coating can be judged by determining its erosion resistance and the amount of temperature reduction it can give in its substrate. Thus similar conditions were simulated on ground at Scramjet Test Facility in DRDL, Hyderabad. The coating was tested at extreme temperature condition for studying its performance. The shear stress acting at the plate centre was calculated to determine the erosion resistance of the coating. For determining the temperature performance, both bare plate as well as coated plate were tested at flight conditions. The temperature at their` bottom surfaces were measured by using three K type thermocouples. These temperature data were compared to determine the amount of temperature reduction given by thermal barrier coating. After conducting the tests, the thermal barrier coating was found to be efficient for the application on missile surface. This missile coating can protect missile's payload and its internal component thereby increasing missile's efficiency and life.

Keywords: Temperature, Thermal Barrier Coating, Flat Plate, DRDL, Supersonic Flow Conditions.

Abstract: One of the most common electrical motor used in most applications is induction motor; hence analysis of induction motor is much essential to find out utilization index of a motor for better performance. Hence protecting induction motor from some faults is necessary. The use of microcontroller technology has enabled the design of energy-efficient and cost-effective control systems for induction motors[3]. This paper presents PIC microcontroller based control system for protection of a single phase induction motor. Due to electrical fault the winding of motor get heated which leads to insulation failure and thus reduce the life time of motor. This protection scheme protects the single phase induction motor from under voltage, over voltage, over current and over heat[4]. It also measures speed of the motor. PIC microcontroller monitors the overall process.

Keywords: Induction Motor, PIC Microcontroller, Under Voltage, Over Voltage, Over Current, Over Heat, Speed.

Abstract: Cold formed steel sections are widely used as purlins in industrial buildings. Plain C, Z and sigma sections are most common cold-formed steel purlins in use for roof systems throughout the world. In a pre engineered building of larger bay span two purlins are connected in such a way that it acts as a continuous member. The purlins are connected either by overlapping them or by bolting a short sleeve member that holds and connects the purlins. This paper aims in determining the capacities of bolted overlapped and sleeved connections for z and sigma section having same depth and thickness. The stability, load bearing capacity and failure modes for the four different connections are found by finite element. The finite element analysis is done by ABAQUS/CAE. Results are compared to find which connection case is more effective.

Keywords: cold formed steel, Z and sigma purlins, bolted connections, load carrying capacity.

Abstract: Wireless Power Transfer technology is a recent development in today's times. It removes the disadvantage of using the wired technology that is prevalent today. In this experiment, wireless power transfer would be used to charge the mobile handsets of people using public transportation system like buses. Certain drawbacks of wired power transfer technology being used currently call for the adopting of wireless power transfer technology .It is not feasible to obtain a charging point /plug point at all times or even keep the charger with oneself at all times. Electromagnetic induction is the underlying principle of wireless power transmission. The use of wireless transmission would eliminate the need of wires which pertaining to the situation may be complex or hazardous.

Keywords: WPT (Wireless Power Transfer (or) Transmission), Electromagnetic induction, charging mobile phones.

Abstract: This paper deals with the comparison of cost saving, energy use and energy saving by fluorescent tubes, incandescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps and light emitting diodes keeping illumination constant. LEDs are comparatively recent in the field of lighting technology however they can replace older technology due to the advantages offered by them such as the parameters of cost and power saving and energy consumption

Keywords: CFL, cost saving, energy consumption, energy saving, LED.

Abstract: Natural fiber has emerged as a renewable and economical substitute to synthetic materials such as glass, carbon, which are used as reinforcements. In this paper work, the objective was to develop, investigate and analyze the mechanical properties of a composite material using bamboo fiber and banana fiber polymer. The long bamboo fiber was extracted using chemical digestion and maceration methods. The fabrication of the composite was carried out using epoxy resin as the matrix and the bamboo fiber and the banana fiber as reinforcement. Tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties such as tensile, hardness and bending strengths. The results were studied and compared with the conventional materials and it process that the material developed can be used in structural applications with strong dependence on its mechanical properties.

Keywords: Reinforcement, epoxy resin, matrix, bamboo fiber, chemical digestion, banana fiber.

Abstract: Data de-duplication is one of important data compression techniques for eliminating duplicate copies of repeating data, and has been widely used in cloud storage to reduce the amount of storage space and save bandwidth. To protect the confidentiality of sensitive data while supporting de-duplication, the convergent encryption technique can be used to encrypt the data before outsourcing. To better protect data security, this paper is attempting to make a survey for data security methods that accounts for both security and storage efficiency. Different from traditional de-duplication systems, the differential privileges of users are considered in authorized duplicate check besides the data itself in the proposed scheme. The methods can be included in the hybrid cloud approach for effective de-duplication.

Keywords: de-duplication, authorized duplicate check, confidentiality, hybrid cloud.

Abstract: IOT basically comprises of physical articles that are installed with sensors, actuators, processing gadgets and information correspondence abilities. These are connected to systems for information transportation. Envision a situation where patient's restorative profile, indispensable parameters, and dialysis machine info are caught with the assistance of medicinal gadgets connected to his body. The patient does not need to move from office to office to get treatment. Or maybe, he can complete his dialysis the assistance of a versatile home machine intended for the reason. Information assembled from this gadget is broke down and put away, and the accumulation from different sensors and restorative gadgets settles on educated choices in convenient way. Parental figures can screen the patient from any area and react properly, in light of the caution got. Propelled treatment of this nature can radically enhance a patient's personal satisfaction. The current headways in innovation and the accessibility of the Web make it conceivable to interface different gadgets that can speak with each other and share information. The Web of Things (IoT) is another idea that permits clients to interface different sensors and savvy gadgets to gather continuous information from nature. The model named as 'k-Social insurance' makes utilization of 4 layers; the sensor layer, the system layer, the Web layer and the administrations layer. All layers collaborate with each other viably and proficiently to give a stage to getting to patients' wellbeing information utilizing advanced mobile phones. The quick development of electronic gadgets, advanced mobile phones and tablets which can be imparted physically or remotely has turned into the principal device of day by day life. The up and coming era of associated world is Web of Things (IoT) which interfaces gadgets, sensors, machines, vehicles and other "things".

Keywords: RFID, IPv6, Cloud computing.

Abstract: This Paper introduces conventional resistor less analog to digital converter circuit using Microwind 3.1 VLSI Backnend Software For any type of applications such as in signal processing we require digital signals for processing so to convert analogsignlas into digital "Analog to digital converter" is used.Nowadays for reducing chip size area designers searching analog to digital converter architectures using CMOS techniques. The performance of any digital system is depends on the performance parameter of analog to digital converter. The results came from the proposed module shows the circuit made in 32nm technology consumed less power which is 2.659mW.

Keywords: Analog to digital converter, low power, resistorless, switched inverter scheme (SIS) Comparator.

Abstract: In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) energy, throughput are wide are of interest. These sensor networks make it possible in real time monitoring of the underwater environment. Major challenges that ar4e faced in such environment are low battery power, high bit error rates, low bandwidth availability etc. This paper mainly examines these challenges and possible solutions to overcome the problem by using a cluster formation among the nodes which communicate with a mobile sink. Our work mainly focuses the formation of cluster and path discovery of the cluster by the mobile sink. Finally, by using this strategy we prove that the energy used by sensor networks is lesser than other algorithms.

Keywords: Underwater Sensor Networks, Clustering, Energy Efficient, Mobile Sink.

Abstract: Green computing, inexperienced IT or ICT property, refers to environmentally property computing or IT. within the article Harnessing inexperienced IT: Principles and Practices, San Murugesan defines the sphere of inexperienced computing as "the study and observe of planning, producing, using, and putting off computers, servers, and associated subsystems-such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems - expeditiously and effectively with token or no impact on the surroundings. "The goals of inexperienced computing area unit the same as inexperienced chemistry; cut back the employment of venturesome materials, maximize energy potency throughout the product's period, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct merchandise and works waste. analysis continues into key areas like creating the employment of computers as energy-efficient as attainable, and planning algorithms and systems for efficiency-related laptop technologies. Green computing is that the environmentally accountable use of computers and connected resources. Such practices embrace the implementation of energy-efficient central process units (CPUs), servers and peripherals likewise as reduced resource consumption and correct disposal of electronic waste (e-waste). one in every of the earliest initiatives toward inexperienced computing within the u. s. was the voluntary labelling program called Energy Star. it absolutely was planned by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1992 to market energy potency in hardware of every kind. The Energy Star label becamea standard sight, particularly in notebook computers and displays. Similar programs are adopted in Europe and Asia.

Keywords: Green Computing, ICT and IFG, CPU, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).